Foster, Herbert J. “The Ethnicity of the Ancient Egyptians.” Journal of Black Studies 5, no. 2 (1974): 175-191.
Hebert Foster is a professor at the Department of History of the Staten Island Community College. Although his main academic interest is the study of African history, he also considers the interaction of Africans with world civilizations and their role in the development of the societies of the Ancient world. Thus, in his article, the author argues that the Africans or the Black people played a fundamental role in the formation of the Ancient Egyptian civilization. Most interestingly, Foster details the life of a racial minority within the already established society of Ancient Egypt. The main conclusion of the researcher is that the Egyptian civilization had long-term contact with Sudan. Additionally, it was found that the Negroid strain in the royal dynasty of Egypt had a significant influence on society. The author concludes that although the Egyptians were not the direct descendants of the Africans, this race played an important role in the development of society throughout almost the entire history of civilization. This work is extremely useful for considering the topic, as it provides details about the interaction of various ethnic groups within the framework of Ancient Egyptian society.
Matić, Uroš. 2020. Ethnic Identities in the Land of the Pharaohs: Past and Present Approaches in Egyptology. Cambridge University Press.
Uroš Matić is an Australian egyptologist and archaeologist working at the Austrian Archaeological Institute’s Cairo Branch. Currently, the researcher is focusing on the study of the pottery from Kom Ombo in Upper Egypt. In his book published in 2020, Matić examines the concept of ethnicity in Ancient Egypt in relation to the ideas of collective identity and the changing research approaches of Egyptology. The main focus of the study is to consider the ethnogenesis of the inhabitants of Ancient Egypt, as well as to present research on this topic from various historical contexts and research methods. The main conclusion of the book is that the ethnogenesis and ethnic composition of Ancient Egypt seemed to be more diverse than is accepted in Egyptology. Matić emphasizes that the main attention should be paid to the study of the interaction of ethnic groups and its influence on the formation of the structure of the population. This study is relevant and useful for considering the topic, as it not only describes the ethnic composition of Ancient Egypt and its changes, but also explains it in the context of Egyptology and its methods.
Moreno García, Juan Carlos. “Ethnicity in Ancient Egypt: An Introduction to Key Issues.” Journal of Egyptian Studies 11, no. 1-2 (2018): 1-17.
Juan Carlos Moreno García is a modern Egyptologist and professor at the Sorbonne University. The researcher focuses on the consideration of the socio-economic aspects of the life of the Ancient Egyptian society. The main topic of the article is the study of the characteristics of various ethnic groups and social organizations in the Ancient Egyptian civilization. The author argues that the modern approaches to Egyptological research should be based on anthropological and ethnohistorical data to describe the ethnic co-attitude of the population. The main conclusion of the article is that ethnic groups and social organizations, as well as their interaction, played a key role in the socio-economic development of civilization. This work is extremely useful for considering the topic, as it provides a detailed description of the functioning of some ethnic groups in Ancient Egypt. Additionally, the article describes various research approaches to the study of ethnicity within related academic disciplines.
Trigger, Bruce G., Barry J. Kemp, David O’Connor, and Alan B. Lloyd. 1983. Ancient Egypt: A Social History. Cambridge University Press.
Bruce Trigger was a Canadian archaeologist, ethnohistorian, adn anthropologist, as well as the professor at the McGill University. Barry Kemp is a modern English Egyptologist and archaeologist; Professor of Egyptology at the University of Cambridge. Their book was published in 1983 and for the first time in Egyptology focused on the social and ethnic aspects of the formation of the Ancient Egyptian civilization. The main focus of the research is the consideration of social, political and economic processes at the core of Ancient Egyptian society. The authors conclude that Ancient Egypt was characterized by a complex structure of social interactions within and outside the empire. The researchers also emphasize that the society of that period was multi-ethnic and underwent constant changes in ethnic composition. Thus, this work is extremely useful for considering the topic, as it provides information about the social structure of Ancient Egyptian society, including a description of the role of the ethnic group in its functioning.
Saifullin, Rubin G. “Ethnopolitogenesis of Ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian Ethnic Groups.” Asian Social Science 11, no. 5 (2015): 158-168.
Rubin Saifullin is a professor at the Department of History of the Kazan Federal University in Russia. The researcher focuses on the consideration of the ethno-political aspect of the formation and development of Ancient Egyptian society. In his article, he argues that the interaction of various ethnic groups, including minorities from Mesopotamia, played a key role in the development of the political history of Ancient Egypt. The main conclusion of this work is that instability in relations between different ethnic groups correlates with periods of greatest political and military transformations of civilizations. Thus, the context of the interaction of ethnic groups within the framework of Ancient Egyptian society had a tremendous impact on its development. This work is useful for considering the topic, as it provides a detailed overview of the ethnic landscape of Ancient Egypt in key periods of its development.