Introduction
Aero Space industry is the country’s largest employer and working mechanism. It has a very huge network of people and vast communication between government and private firms who collectively work to make progress and diversities in this field. The major task of this industry is to study the life in the outer space and to explore the facts about it. Also it manages the rapid advancement being made in the field of technology. Approximately one-fifth of the nations’ engineers and scientists are employed by this industry. Not only this but the Aerospace industry is one the chief exporters of manufactured goods. (The Aerospace Industry, n.p.)
Neglecting the fact that it is still a bit limited; advancements and progress are being made which reveals that this industry is going to be the most expanded in coming era. It is also observed that this industry is becoming the center of attraction for the youth and new research centers and School of learning are being introduced in this field. The Government is also supporting its growth and no doubt the larger amount of fund is granted for the research purpose. The industry is so versatile that it links many other industries like: computing, defense supply, construction, capital manufacturing, logistics etc. (EH.Net: The history of the aerospace industry, n.p.)
The Aerospace industry with its great effort and vast technological advancement is expanding day-to-day. According to a recent study it is expected that in coming 10 years there will be a job explosion in this industry and about 5000 new jobs will be offered. Specifically, the economists, businesspersons and educators of Arkansas made joint effort to think and work together for the betterment of this field and to create ways in order to have more people join the winning team. A number of firms which showed great progress and contributing towards the expansion of the industry are as follows: (Aerospace industry is exploding, n.p.)
- SoyEnergy Group, a biodiesal firm expecting to expand itself. It is the only firm in state, which uses soybean oil as its feedstock. It crushes and extracts the soybean at the same location and produces 3.5 million gallons of B100 biodiesel and other by-products. The plant is expanding itself to produce 10 million gallons of soybean oil.
- Walmart announces record-breaking profit in the current year. The world’s largest retailer made a profit of $106.3 billion, an 8.3 percent increase from the previous year. (Aerospace industry is exploding, n.p.)
As the industry is making its wings wider in air and going high there is demand for fuel-efficient engines and fast hole making. The holes are important in jet engines because they work to internally to cool down the airflow while the jet is on operation. The performance of the jet engine depends on these holes. (Bnet: Aerospace hole making takes shape, n.p.)
The recent advancement in the jet engine manufacturing demands them to be low-noise, fuel efficient and making holes professionally and cost-effectively. If we talk about the position different countries enjoying around the globe in this field it is not wrong to say that US currently leads with 8% growth in 2006, and it continued in 2007.
Secondly Asia-pacific is in leading position, comprising of China and India. These low cost economies are said to be the hub for low cost aerospace products. The demand for aerospace products and this industry changes from country to country. For example in China and India the demand for airplanes will be higher due to higher air traffic on contrary Brazil is expected to have higher demand for helicopters as it uses them for agricultural purposes largely. (Global Aerospace Market Analysis, n.p.)
After taking a look on Aerospace industry, its expansion in market, demand for efficient engines etc now will take a deep insight of the topic ‘Jet Engines’.
Jet Engines
Dr. Hans von Ohain and Sir Frank Whittle invented Jet Engine, although they both worked separately, one is famous for the designing of jet engine and the other is known for registering the rights for turbojet engine. Both of them worked on the same subject and succeeded finally when Dr. Hans von Ohain’s jet engine flew in 1939 and Sir Frank Whittle’s engine flew in 1941. (About.com:Inventors, n.p.)
Types of Jet Engine
There are many types of jet engines such as: turbofan, turboprop, turbo shaft, ramjets etc but we will discuss the most basic here, which is the turbojet engine. The turbojet engine is termed as a reaction engine. A simple turbojet compresses or squeezes the air after sucking it hard. This type of Jet engine revolves the gases inside it and by turbine spins them, bounces them back with force resulting the plane to move forward. (About.com:types of Jet Engines, n.p.)
Parts of Jet Engine
A typical Jet Engine consists of four parts:
- Fan: The first part of a turbofan is a fan.
- Compressor: Compressor resides in the Jet Engine Core and it is its first part.
- Combustor: Combustor works to mix air and fuel.
- Turbine: Turbine keeps the strong flow of airflow, which is coming from the combustor.
- Nozzle: It produces thrust for the plane. (About.com: Parts of Jet Engines, n.p.).
Working
Jet engine is a sort of mechanism, which helps the airplane to fly fast and move ahead, this be done actually by a very strong force produced by great shove. Jet Engines are also termed as Gas Turbines. Jet Engine may it be any work on the same principle. The working is so simple that it sucks air from front by the fan and there exist a compressor, which boost the air pressure, this compressor is attached with a shaft and consists of several blades. These blades compress the air; the compressed air is then processed by the electric sparks and lightened by the mixture. The gases then burnt and explode through the nozzle. The jet is move ahead with force as the gases are exploded from back. (About.com: How a Jet Engine Works, n.p.)
Cooling System
The working of the Jet Engine as discussed above leads to the more in-depth look of this topic i.e. the cooling system. The air is passed around and through the core of a Jet, which resulted in some hot and some cool air. The air, which becomes cooler again mix up with hot air at the end of the engine. Getting inside of the procedure we come to know that the Jet Engine follow the third law of physics as proposed by Sir Isaac Newton. (About.com: How a Jet Engine Works, n.p.)
“ For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction”
This law can be well studied by leaving a balloon in air and then observing the air it expels in the opposite direction. A basic turbojet engine does the same task. It just takes the air from inside, compress it, pass it to combustion part of engine where the gas is faced with fuel and lastly it is expelled out. These gases, which are formed inside the engine, dispersed quickly and come out from the end of the chamber. While the gases move to the end they exert full force towards all directions, after this the gases transfer to the next part called turbine, which is collection of blades. The turbine is a fan-like device comprising of a shaft, the shaft work as a rotator of compressor bringing in fresh air.
The after burn process increase the engine thrust, more fuel is sprayed to the worn out gases, they just burn and exile more thrust. The thrust is so powerful that only 1 pound is equal to one horsepower at 400 mph. This was a brief description of the cooling system and its mechanism. The Jet engine has many advantages over the piston or other engines such as less weight, more power, easy handling, less fuel consumption, competent working, etc. (About.com: How a Jet Engine Works, n.p.)
Conclusion
The aim of this paper was to study the Aero Industry, the Jet engine, and the cooling system, the working, internal mechanism and the parts as well as types of a Jet Engine. We also cover the contemporary situation of the Aero industry, studied few facts about it and finally summing up to create the linkage between all three parts of this paper. Hence the result of this study tells us that Aerospace industry in the present era is one of the vastest, efficient, technological and rapidly progressing industries. We cannot neglect the fact that since the birth of Jet engine from 1930’s or 1940’s up till now there has been a drastic improvement and advancement in it.
The Jet Engine is considered as the most efficient mechanism as compare to any other Engine like piston Engine. Its internal parts are easier to study and understand and the working or cooling system is so proficient!
Works Cited
The Aerospace Industry, (n.p.). Web.
EH.Net: The history of Aerospace industry, (n.p.). Web.
Roby Brock, Aerospace Industry is Exploding,(n.p.). Web.
Sunil Nair, Global Aerospace Market Analysis, (n.p.). Web.
Mark Albert, Bnet: Aerospace hole making takes shape,(n.p.). Web.
About.Com: Inventors, Part 1: The History of the Jet Engine, (n.p.). Web.
About.Com: Inventors, Parts of Jet Engine, (n.p.). Web.
About.Com: Inventors, Types of Jet Engine, (n.p.). Web.
About.Com: Inventors,How a Jet Engine Works, (n.p.). Web.