Introduction
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a result of malignant growths that develop from the epithelial cells lining the lower parts of the gastrointestinal tract such as the colon, rectum, and appendix. This kind of cancer is generated from mutation of the Wnt-APC-beta-catinin pathway whereby, the APC gene acts as a “brake” to the Wnt signaling pathway. The APC gene produces the APC protein which is the main “brake” to the beta-catenin therefore in the case of colorectal cancer the APC gene is mutated hence also the APC protein is mutated thus triggering the beta-catenin to enter the nucleus of the epithelial cell-activating a gene in the DNA that leads to production to proteins involuntarily. Cancer is credited with being the fifth most lethal category of cancer in North America and the third leading killer in terms of cancers in the western world (Dudley-Brown, S., & Freivogel, 2009). Cancer begins with a transmutation to the Wnt signaling pathway.
An assessment on the rate at which the disease is prevalent has come up with results that can be termed as interesting as the disease is widespread despite the common notion that it is rare among most people. The disease has in some instances been found to be contracted through hereditary means. About twenty percent of cases have been contracted through genetic transmission and the rest is through other means. Detection of the disease is through regular.ar screening by official nurses specialized in doing so.
Case Study
As espoused by a study conducted by Frreivegel and Duddley, CRC assessment intake tools are measured and a report handed on how it is significant to hold a regular screening. The number of individuals found to have been at risk is found to be high as summarized in their report. A risk assessment screening is found to have been a good solution to the ever-rising killer. The report covers in detail a sample population from several gastroenterology centers across North America. The centers were picked out due to their different ages and backgrounds. The researchers utilized a technique referred to as blind sapling as the subjects are complex to direct biases in such a type of experiment (Dudley-Brown, S., & Freivogel, 2009).
Another factor that was of concern is the ethical consideration that encompasses the autonomous nature of human subjects as the sample of individuals were free to rights such as privacy and equal treatment. An illustration of data captured by researchers on the experiment included the age, weight, height, name of the individual, and background history. The other ethical consideration is the right of patient confidentiality that was maintained by the health workers when collecting data.
Data was collected through different techniques and methods comprised of different instruments. All the instruments used in the collection of data were utilized in the recording of questionnaires. There were categories of questionnaires with the first one used to gather information regarding the family background and the second consisting of questions regarding former visits to the doctors on tests and screenings.
Conclusion
As much as the screening and testing are important towards the successful prevention of CRC, the type of research conducted by the questionnaires was found to (Burns & Grove, 2009) be inadequate as the sample of individuals was too small as the locality of the areas covered was also too small.
References
Burns, N., & Grove, S. K. (2009). The practice of nursing research: Appraisal, synthesis, and generation of evidence (6th ed.). St. Louis, MI: Saunders Elsevier Inc.
Dudley-Brown, S., & Freivogel, M. (2009). Hereditary colorectal cancer in the gastroenterology clinic: How common are at-risk patients and how do we find them?. Gastroenterology Nursing, 32(1), 8-16. Web.