Introduction
Acoustic over-exposure is one of the common health problems in the modern world, which shows problems with hearing and significantly decreases the quality of life. Pilati et al. (2012) state that AOE is usually followed by tinnitus, as when the problem is identified, patients have a special treatment, which increases the sensibilities of neurons. Hyperactivity, in this case, rises, causing changes in the dorsal part of the cochlear nucleus (DCN). I believe that the whole point of the research is crucial in identifying health issues and finding the right approaches to solving similar hearing problems. Moreover, it helped professionals understand how AOE appears based on scientific breakthroughs and how further studies can be conducted.
Material and Methods
The research has provided the most realistic results when the issue was tested on rats between fifteen and twenty-two days old. Pilati et al. (2012) have supported the finding with the UK Animals Act 1986. By critically evaluating the experiments, I have found that professionals did not hurt animals. Rats were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection to see how positive and negative electrodes affected their hearing abilities. A special open-filed, sound-insulated chamber was created to test how rats with AOE differ from those who are not suffering from this problem. A specific tone of 14.8 kHz was used for 4 hours with a one-day interval between every session. To make the results more correct, experts have studied the effects of AOE using the high-frequency region of DCN (Pilati et al., 2012). All results were recorded at 25 ˚C, and I think that this factor is crucial in the whole research as AOE is sensitive to external influences. Moreover, the SPSS technique, ANOVA , was used to test action potential results between populations used in the research.
Results
Most of the results were obtained from fusiform cells (FCs), and several tables show how voltage was increased to receive action potential from the membrane. Also, tables evaluate the data using the effect of AOE on FC and avoid this health issue to see the changes. Pilati et al. (2012) have used previous studies to continue finding new facts regarding AOE, and they wanted to approve the fact that DCN is followed by acoustic over-exposure using the activity of FC. The results have shown that exposed rats showed shifts for frequencies higher than 15 kHz compared to those rats that were not exposed. Animals that stayed unaffected showed higher firing and action potential as their concentrations did not decrease. Voltage drops are related to AOE, and professionals used sensitive current related to the TEA system, which decreased after the appearance of AOE. By analyzing unexposed rats, it was found that such health issues as acoustic over-exposure decreases the regulation and sensitivity of several currents.
Conclusion
The activity of neurons is followed by tinnitus, which is caused by AOE, but the real cause of the health problem stays unrevealed, and professionals continue making predictions regarding over-exposure triggers. Nevertheless, the results provided by Pilati et al. (2012) show that fusiform cells, which are crucial parts of the AOE, are affected by loud sounds. When hearing problems occur, some cells lose their ability to receive sounds. Some of the findings were supported by previous research, and some predictions by other experts in this sphere were approved. However, more laboratory analysis should be done to find more evidence for AOE development and its treatment.
Reference
Pilati, N., Large, C., and Forsythe, I. D. (2012). Acoustic over-exposure triggers burst firing in dorsal cochlear nucleus fusiform cells. Hearing Research, 283, 98-106.