Research
Stress is a non-specific body reaction that occurs under the action of various extreme factors that threaten the violation of homeostasis and is characterized by stereotypical changes in the function of the nervous and endocrine systems. With acute stress exposure, the central nervous system is activated, which triggers a stress reaction. It activates various levels of the endocrine system, and the hormones produced affect the immune cells through the receptors located on them (Saladin, 2020). The biological meaning of these phenomena at the early stages of the development of a stress reaction is aimed at maintaining the functions of vital organs and systems. This increases the availability of energy resources, regulating regional blood flow, activating enzymes of cellular metabolism, and other factors of biological adaptation.
Additionally, stress is characterized by activation of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic innervation is the result of excitation of the posterior hypothalamus, and parasympathetic innervation is the result of the anterior hypothalamus. Sympathetic influences provide an increase in blood pressure, cardiac output, level of free fatty acids, and the level of triglycerides in plasma. Also, a decrease in blood flow in the kidneys and the lumen of arterioles in the skin. The task of the sympathetic department is to help the body survive at a critical moment, to give it as many resources as it needs to fight or escape (Saladin, 2020). Consequently, the goal of the sympathetic department is to restore and preserve the resources of the autonomic nervous system, and its activation occurs during sleep, food, and rest.
Critical Thinking
In my opinion, sometimes social life puts people in certain situations where it is necessary to prove social independence, material well-being, physical well-being, or the level of intelligence. This is usually found when students take exams and when a surgeon master a new operation. One of the best techniques to remember the information received is a technique based on associations. It is necessary to think and remember what symptoms and consequences stress can lead to, and thus try to refrain from any worries. This topic is significant for everyone because stress is an integral part of the life of any modern person. If a person begins to better understand the body and the processes that occur in it, one will be able to save his health from harmful effects and prolong his life.
Reference
Saladin, K. (2020). Anatomy & physiology: The unity of form and function (9th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.