Diabetes Mellitus and HFSON Conceptual Framework Essay

Summary

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition that affects insulin secretion and blood sugar. The metabolic disorder is caused by chronic hyperglycemia, which affects different body nutrients (American Diabetes Association, 2011). As a result, the body suffers from organ dysfunction, damage, and system failure. The characteristics and symptoms of diabetes mellitus include loss of vision, weight loss, and thirst (Bray, 2008).

Extreme cases of metabolic disorder cause ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar. However, the symptoms of diabetes mellitus vary with patients. Some patients may experience blindness, renal failure, foot ulcers, and fractured joints. The predisposing factors of diabetes mellitus include family history, environmental factors, immune damage, dietary factors, weight, age, gestational diabetes, ovary syndrome, blood pressure, and abnormal cholesterol.

The risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus are influenced by metabolic disorders. Infection, illness, pancreas disease, and genetics are some predisposing factors that affect type 1 diabetes. However, clinical predisposing factors of diabetes mellitus include genetic susceptibility, autoimmune destruction, environmental factors, feeding practices, viruses, obesity, physical inactivity, and infections. Finally, we will discuss potential legal issues and evidence-based practice that relate to diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that affects the blood sugar level in the body. The metabolic disease is caused by inadequate, or insulin absence in the pancreas. As a result, the patient may experience polyphagia and polar symptoms. The classification of diabetes includes type 1, 2, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Gestational diabetes, which affects pregnant women, is another type of diabetes mellitus. Clinicians revealed the influence of cystic fibrosis and genetic defects on the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. The complications of diabetes mellitus include cardiovascular diseases, renal failure, and brain damage.

Classification of diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a common term for metabolic disorders. However, a broad classification supports precise treatment and health interventions. Diabetes mellitus can be classified into four groups. The groups include diabetes mellitus type 1, diabetes mellitus type 2, gestational diabetes, and other types. Limited insulin levels in the pancreas influence diabetes mellitus type 1. The metabolic disorder affects adults and children (Kahn & Gale, 2010). The body’s resistance to insulin influences DM type 2. As a result, the insulin receptor stimulates a defective body response. Gestational diabetes is a combination of factors that affect pregnant women. However, gestational diabetes can be treated with proper medical supervision.

Pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus

Insulin secretion influences the regulation of blood sugar. However, insulin receptors stimulate defective responses and organ failure (Huether & McCcance, 2012). The body converts food nutrients to simple sugars for energy release. As a result, glucose is released into the blood for energy activation (McPhee & Hammer, 2012). Consequently, insulin receptor absorbs and controls glucose levels. The high and low threshold causes insulin deficiency. As a result, the osmotic pressure increases beyond hormonal control. Thus, the patient will experience thirst, and excessive urine production (American Diabetes Association, 2011).

Symptoms of diabetes mellitus

The symptoms of diabetes mellitus vary across patients. Some patients experience weight loss, hunger, excessive urine, and dehydration. The pathophysiology of the metabolic disorder influences the clinical signs and symptoms of the client. However, long-term symptoms may arise from severe complications in the body threshold.

Relationship between diabetes mellitus and HFSON conceptual framework

The features of the HFSON conceptual framework include client, nurse, environment, and health intervention system. However, the conceptual framework was adapted from Levine’s conservation principles. Thus, the objective of the conservation model promotes nursing practice and response. Consequently, nursing goals can be improved using HFSON conceptual framework. Thus, the HFSON conceptual framework is based on the community, family, and the individual.

The integration of each component supports learning and nursing practice. Consequently, evidence-based treatment improves patient health and wholeness. The HFSON conceptual framework believes that a client’s wholeness is achieved through collaborative efforts. As a result, each component of the HFSON conceptual framework develops its features and structures. Thus, good health is the inherent capacity to collaborate with the components of the conceptual framework. As a result, the integration of the environment, personal, social, and cultural landscape promotes health.

The components of the nursing paradigm include person, environment, adaptation, and orgasmic response. However, the environment is divided into external and internal components. Homeostasis describes the clients, conservation, and psychological factors. Homeorrhesis describes the environmental change, adaptations, and stabilization. The features of the conceptual framework include tradition, norms, beliefs, social values, ethnic systems, language, and ideas. The operational dimension includes pollution and radioactivity. Organismic response describes the client’s behavior and social integrity.

The organismic response is divided into the flight, inflammation, stress, and perceptual framework. Thus, the conceptual framework provides an environment for interaction. As a result, nurses and health professionals can nurture and stabilize the patient’s sugar level using health care interventions. Patients suffering from diabetes mellitus can live a healthy life if their sugar level is stabilized (The DCCT Research Group, 2010).

As a result, client evaluation improves blood sugar management. Long-term complications can be eliminated using evidence-based practice. Thus, pharmacogenomics can be used to administer an appropriate insulin level to promote health. The framework relates to the client’s awareness and preventive measures for sustained health care. Finally, proper documentation and audit of healthcare records can improve nursing practice and healthcare intervention.

The importance of nursing practice roles

Health care intervention plan is influenced by nursing practice and evidence-based research. As a result, quality health care delivery depends on competence and relevance. The combination of each component improves the health of the patient (Marquis & Hutson, 2010). We will analyze two nursing roles that relate to diabetes mellitus.

• Clinician: Clinical reasoning is a conceptual framework that supports data diagnosis, treatment, nursing practice, and problem resolution (Drummond, 2007). Healthcare providers in inpatient care are called clinicians. Thus, clinicians describe and formulate health care interventions using evidence-based practice. As a result, nursing roles can improve the quality of life. The capacity to regulate blood sugar describes the role of a clinician. The effective control of blood sugar improves the body’s repair mechanism. Thus, clinicians regulate, observe, control, moderate, and improve the client’s health status using appropriate interventions.
• Educator: Nursing educators combine experience and interactive skills to improve a patient’s recovery pattern. Consequently, nursing educators combine evidence-based practice with health intervention techniques to influence the client’s environment. Educators utilize various health care reforms to improve the client’s wellbeing (The DCCT Research Group, 2010). As a result, nursing educators can reduce the cost of health care intervention programs using conservative management techniques.

Legal issues that relate to diabetes mellitus

The treatment of diabetes mellitus is based on the appropriate level of insulin. As a result, the pharmacogenetics of insulin usage causes adverse effects for the client. Thus, legal issues that relate to diabetes include proper patient education before amputation, glucose level control, x-ray complication, consultation delay, patient education, signs, and symptoms. Failures to recognize, identify, control, obtain, and inform patients relating to the management of the disorder may cause litigations. Consequently, lack of care during foot amputation may support legal issues against the organization. A previous survey revealed that failure to debride ulcer patients influenced litigation.

Insulin administration has significant effects on hypoglycemia levels. Thus, treatment and health intervention practice must be carefully managed to suit the individual, client, and community. As a result, insulin management and awareness enhance the control and regulation of blood sugar.

Evidence-based practice that relates to diabetes mellitus

Evidence-based practice can be used to improve clients’ health. Consequently, systematic documentation of complex health interventions facilitates nursing practice. As a result, evidence-based practice controls insulin secretion and blood sugar (Phadke & Bagirath, 2012). The modified factors that affect the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus can be managed to improve health. Thus, diet regulation, individual management, patient’s activity, stress management, weight loss, and gain can be controlled using evidence-based practice (Dyson, 2008). Finally, the patient’s history and drug administration improve the client’s environment.

Conclusions

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that affects the blood sugar of the client. The pathophysiology of the disorder varies with individuals. Consequently, the HFSON framework can be used to improve the quality of life. The HFSON conceptual framework focuses on the client. As a result, the environment affects the health status of the individual. Consequently, nursing practice controls the sugar level of the client. Finally, evidence-based practice can be used to improve insulin administration in diabetic patients.

References

American Diabetes Association. (2011). Diabetes statistics. Web.

Bray, G. (2008). Lifestyle and pharmacological approaches to weight loss: Efficacy and safety. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 93(1), S81–S88.

Drummond, S. (2007). Obesity: A diet that is acceptable is more likely to succeed. J Fam Health Care, 17(2), 219–221.

Dyson, P. (2008). A review of low and reduced carbohydrate diets and weight loss in type 2 diabetes. J Hum Nutr Diet, 21(1), 530–538.

Huether, S. E., & McCcance, K. L. (2012). Understanding pathophysiology (Laureate custom ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Web.

Kahn, R & Gale, E. (2010). Gridlocked guidelines for diabetes. Lancet, 375(1), 2203–2204.

Marquis, L. & Hutson, J. (2010). Leadership roles and management functions in nursing: Classical views of leadership and management. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Web.

McPhee, J., & Hammer, D. (2012). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine (Laureate custom ed.). New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Medical. Web.

Phadke, K. & Bagirath, A. (2012). Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Indian J Nephrol, 11(3) 82-86. Web.

The DCCT Research Group. (2010). Nutrition interventions for intensive therapy in the diabetes control and complications trial. J Am Diet Assoc, 93(9), 768–772.