Introduction
In all the four articles the main research was based on conducting alternative methods of relaxation to reduce the intensity of anxiety in patients in pre operational stage. Since preoperational anxiety is one of the sustained problems among patients an alternative source becomes a requirement to slow down the level of anxiety. Kimberger et al [2007] observes research on skin surface warming, krohne et al [2005] observes ideas of social support, Padmanaban et al observes experiment over music with an binaural beat and Agarwal et al. Observes acupressure as a preventive treatment for preoperative anxiety etc are the different perspectives of reducing the preoperational anxiety. Overall the methods reveal the fact that the researches have been conducted for a common purpose called the preoperational anxiety.
Hypotesic Analysis
Analysis of the different hypothesis shows that each method has its specific significance. Kimberger et al [2007] seems to have given a new concept that is the warming of skin surface has the effect to reduce uneasiness at the time or hospitalization. He suggests a pre operative warming in order to reduce the feeling of anxiety in the patients; this thought was suggested after a successful experimentation with 80 patients suffering from neurons problems.
The experiment was warming with forced air to about 30-40 minutes the result further revealed that pre operative warming not actually reduce anxiety but warming can be done solely to improve thermal comfort. However, his concept does not seem to have reached his intention, because his concept resulted in improving the thermal comfort instead reduce the anxiety. Where as observation of Krohne et al [2005] from the perspective of extending social support appears to have a higher significance than that of the others.
At this instance, clinical stress could also be associated because clinical stress is yet another problem found in the same kind of operational atmosphere. Preoperational anxiety is a problem related with mental uneasiness so social support will work very well in reducing the intensity of anxiousness. According to the research done by Krohne et al Patients who were given high social support showed less anxiety and those who were not given showed high symptoms of anxiety.
However, there seems to be variations between the genders in terms of exhibiting the emotions. Padmanaban et al [2005] observation shows that the effect of music could reduce the anxiety level. They experimented in terms of applying music as a tool, which was played in such a way to create binaural beats within the brain resulting in slow down of the anxiety. Agarwal et al [2005] experimented in terms of applying acupressure as a relief from preoperational anxiety as well as bi spectral index value.
Conclusion
Of the four acupressure and social support seems to sound better as many of the patients reported in the researches done by the above authors reflected a tendency of fear of pain, and anesthesia insertion etc. The musical approach and acupressure seemed to have reduced the level of narcotics amount as the patients who were given these treatments were able to find themselves quiet comfortable to prepare themselves for operation. Where as social support of Krohne et al [2005] has one more advantage of relieving patients not only from fear and anxiety but also from stress.
Reference
Agarwal, A., Ranjan, R., Dhiraaj, S., Lakra, A., Kumar, M and Singh , U. “Acupressure fro prevention of preoperative anxiety: a prospective, randomized, Placebo controlled study.Anesthesia 60 [10], 978-981. Web.
Kimberger, O., Illievich, U. and Lenhardt, R. “The Effect of skin surface warming on pre operative anxiety in neurosurgery patients” 2007. Anesthesia 62: 140-145. Web.
Krohne, Heinz Walter and Slangen Kersteinn E. [2005]. Vol.24 pp-101-105. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
Padmanaban, R. Hildreth A.J. and Laws, D. “A Prospective, randomized, controlled study examining binaural beat audio and pre-operative anxiety undergoing general anesthesia for day case surgery.”2005. Anesthesia 60 [9] , 874-877. Web.