Philosophers Essay Examples and Topics

In this sense, the main function of philosophy is to document what has happened in the world. In fact, to Marx, labor is the main cause of alienation.

Aristotle was a "the son of a renowned physician from Thrace" and he began his philosophy studies at the Plato's academy.

Of the Standard of Taste is an essay by the Philosopher David Hume who attempts to elaborate the need and the possible existence of a rule that will reconcile the taste of individuals to one [...]

It is essential to consider the way of thinking Descartes applies to when trying to understand the nature of the wax argument and its importance.

He was accused of corrupting the morals of the youth and misleading the citizens with his unorthodox political and religious views. Plato was so attracted to Socrates philosophy that he made him the principal character [...]

One of the main principles on which the ethical school is based is the notion of virtue as the representation of the moral perfectness of a man.

Rene Descartes is one of the main ideologists of the free will and the error inclination of the human intellectual knowledge, and his main idea penetrating all the aspects of his philosophic views is that [...]

The third rule is that the logical process must proceed step by step from the simplest and easiest portion of the problem to clearly and distinctly know and progress in order of difficulty to the [...]

Consistent with the aim of philosophy, Russell believes that definite answers to some fundamental inquiries are not indispensable but rather the interrogatives asked in the process of introspection of what may turn out as truth [...]

In the Euthyphro, Plato reveals the nature of philosophy through the dialogues of Socrates as he goes to face the trial against corrupting young men.

However, according to the article, it is imperative to note that neither reason nor the quest for evidence started with the ancient Greeks, but the pre-Socratic philosophers endeavored to identify a single underlying standard that [...]

The author of this paper will also revolve around the ontological composition of the world and its contribution to the question of being. This is because the question of being is constituted in the entities [...]

He explained death as the end of living; this meant the life of an individual would be terminated at the time of death.

His key contributions to the field include the Socratic Method that facilitates the critical analysis of hypotheses, ideas about morality and wrongdoing, and the concepts of immortal soul and preexistence.

Socrates defined the concepts of evil and good, assuming the achievement of the goals of self-knowledge as the highest virtue. In disputes, Socrates sought to prove the practicality and reasonableness of the world and a [...]

Although he agreed that wrongdoers in the society were supposed to be punished, he did not agree with Spencer that this punishment was supposed to be meted on the poor and defenseless in the society.

He did not support the idea of the church and the Pope who was superior to the King because he believed that faith and Christianity were just meant to strengthen the society and not keep [...]

Kant was born in the East Prussian city of Konigsberg to a family of a craftsman; he was the fourth of eleven children.

This assignment is about what Hume means by the statement that the self is "nothing but a bundle of perceptions, which succeed each other with an inconceivable rapidity" as well as how he explains how [...]

The Milesian philosophers, Thales and Anaximander, advanced a rational or scientific explanation for the metaphysical elements of the universe that departed from the mytho-poetic reasoning of the time.

It is also pertinent that the concept of Time is comprehended in relation to the concept of Motion. In an analysis of the nature of Time, it is most relevant to remember that Aristotle was [...]

In a way, this contradicts his above reasoning that if there is no one to experience the loss of good life, then the absence of suffering and realization is not bad at all.

For Augustine, God was the source of all forms, and subsequently, all of the objects and phenomena existing in the physical world were manifestations of the ideals kept in the mind of God.

Immanuel Kant was largely affected by the death of his mother as he was only 13 years old at the time of her death.

In this article, Todorov argued that the manifestation of the "repetition and difference" aspect of the narrative requires the application of a specific formula.

The reading in the Quran that touches on Heaven, Hell, and Death is a complex through a straightforward recitation to understand the passage of reading.

I believe it is a considerable drawback of schooling, and it should be fixed in the near future, as young adults need to learn how to apply the knowledge they get.

The moneyed class or the capitalists, those who own the means of production are grouped into one class, while the labourers and the proletariat belong to another; they are also known as the exploiting and [...]

An epistemological turn is a philosophical term which in the history of philosophy, refers to the shift in philosophical attention from the classical and medieval focus on themes of metaphysics to a primary focus on [...]

These two thinkers contributed greatly to the development of the movement through the focus on certain basic values and principles as well as the promotion of particular aspects of the overall paradigm.

The perception of the self, according to Socrates explains the nature of man and the rationale on which man thinks. The capacity of a man is a product of the self in him; this formed [...]

According to Cartesian dualism, the mind and the body interact at the point of pineal body because it is the only gland in the brain that is not duplicate, which connects the body and the [...]

One of the first important considerations he gives to his assessment of why humans engage in art is the constant oppositions he finds in nature the male/female opposition being the strongest of these as they [...]

A hero is one who chooses to go against the status quo even when, by doing so, he risks the wrath of the authorities or the powerful.

To a great extent, they profoundly influenced people's views on the origins of life, the transformation of society and the behavior of an individual within the community. This is one of the main details that [...]

The laws of nature provide the fundamental rights based on the concept of reason. The law of nature refers to the general analysis of flora and fauna through reason.

As far as the body and the soul interacted, Plato also commented on the things that the soul could be influenced by the work or the actions of the body.

God wanted to create a being that would contemplate about the universe and man was the answer to that need. Nonetheless, man is a free being and can choose to be whatever he wills.

Kant proceeds to identify a philosophical gap in the form of the lack of a means to determine the possibility, principles, and scope of pure knowledge.

This is due to the fact that individuals can effectively plan what is of necessity to them and the society in general.

The philosophers justified the criticisms made against the western culture and with time, post-structuralism emerged and exposed the norms and cultures of the western society. The people that led to the emergence of post-structuralism were [...]

This paper will examine the works and ideas of the prominent Islamic thinkers, the sources of classical or early Islam Philosophy.

Wilber points out that each holon in his diagram is a constituent of the previous one, and each quadrant its own beginning.

Apart from the fact that he said Confucianism was responsible for the wars that were beleaguering the country; he also was extremely critical of morals and societal rotting that he witnessed.

Everyone, including the leaders was under the umbrella of proper morals, which he said, was the linen from which the peace of the country was to be made.

In the video, it is highlighted that both Plato and Confucius shared a commitment to reason and the value of the state.

The central theme that unites St. Augustine's principles of pedagogy is that of the dynamic nature of the teacher-student relationship.

During his trial, Socrates explains the meaning of justice by examining the action of the citizens of the republic of Athens, where he gives a response to the challenge of Glaucon and Adaimentus on what [...]

Kierkegaard uses the example of the New Testament story of Christ's raising of Lazarus from the dead to argue that while the human body dies, the spirit lives on and thus it is not fear [...]

God's presence in an individual enables him/her to achieve goals that are consistent with the provisions of the church. They belong to the city of the damned and are responsible for their actions.

Bentham lived at a time of hasty development of the ideas of liberalism and socialism, the bloody and violent emergence of European nations, and the Industrial Revolution.

Since Aristotle is trying to discern the goal of human life, he is inclined to think that pleasure is not a chief good.

Socrates is considered to be the Father of Western ancient philosophy and his method of inquiry developed the main idea of the earlier philosophers.

According to Plato, the functioning of every human being is closely linked to the entire society. Therefore, the major difference here is that for Plato, the function of every individual is to improve the entire [...]

Philosophical Thinking of Technology Heidegger claims that it is not a surprise to humans that anything which is often taken for granted will become a significant basis of alarm; that is, what seems to be [...]

According to him, moral virtue is the only means of ensuring that there is order in the society. His mother thus played the role of the father in bringing up Confucius and it is through [...]

David Hume, a Scottish philosopher and historian, developed a theory of aesthetics that takes art and standards of taste in mind.

The jurors argued that Socrates' ideas and teachings corrupted the minds of young people. Some scholars believe that Socrates' views and beliefs could have influenced the later works of Plato, particularly in literary writings.

Thus, according to the principle, an individual has the right to do whatever he or she wills unless the action brings harm to others and that is the only time power should be used to [...]

According to the Treatise of Human Nature, Hume asserts that each belief that is subject to justification should be either a matter of fact or relation of ideas.

This especially comes out well in the case of Aristippus who believed in satisfying his craving for pleasure in the present as opposed to postponing them to the future.

Plato was a Greek philosopher who established the Platonist school and founded the Academy in Athens, the first Western institution of higher learning.

In many ways, the extreme rationalism of Descartes, its traditional alternative and empiricist aspects and the debate between them, constitute the part of the Enlightenment which had the greatest influence in the nineteenth century.

This is the purification that comes from the separation of the soul and body. The hindrance to the realization of the true virtue is corrupted by the body and its elements.

Karl Marx expressed his sentiments on alienation and pain in the lower class workers imprisonment by the private individuals who have the resources to manipulate and twist social, development, and welfare aspects of the masses [...]

In this defense Feldman uses another source of intrinsic value that shows that the deceived businessman lives a life of less value and this other source of intrinsic value is truth.

The discussion of the myth presented in Aristophanes' speech is compatible with Socrates' visions of the issue of love because both philosophers consider love as a desire of something or a lack of an important [...]

This paper takes the modern approach in referring to the relevancy of the play by critically giving an insight on the perspectives of the theories of desire.

Apart from the liberation theology, which resulted in a political uprising in the country forcing him to left the country, the other works of Freire include 'The Pedagogy of the Oppressed' and 'Education as the [...]

Nevertheless, as of today, this effectively ceased to be the case, because: a) the realities of a post-industrial living render the classical concept of a statehood/law hopelessly outdated; b) the recent discoveries in the fields [...]

In the era of ancient Greece, approximately forty years before the commencement of the Peloponnesian battles, an infant by the name of Socrates was brought into the world.

According to him, the motive behind an action is the one that makes the action to be deemed as right or wrong.

Fist, he does not appear to be apologetic and to the contrary confirms the general opinion held by majority of his jury that he thinks he is the wisest.

In Foucault's views however the full lighting used in panoptic institutions was a "visibility trap" that is replicated in the larger society in order to enforce discipline.

Nevertheless, the fact remains undeniable that Socrates significantly influenced both his modernity and the future development of society, demonstrating his unsurpassed oratory, proposing his method of refuting statements, and making his splendid contribution to the [...]

These works contain his core philosophical principles that include the will to power, perspectivism, the eternal recurrence of the same, and the idea of the "super-man".

It is possible to sum up that what interested the philosopher most of all were two things: the first one was finding the core of different matters, and the second thing was to learn the [...]

Thus, Confucius formulated the measure of human virtue and stressed the importance of learning and love in the human life: "The nature and duties of the human being must be studied diligently and cultivated, he [...]

Eventually becoming a noted lecturer and author, his most notable works include 1959's The Theory of Moral Sentiments and An Inquiry Into The Wealth and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, which he wrote in [...]

Kant's notion on the possibility of knowledge of an objective realm reducing to the possibility of a priori synthetic judgment is explained by his interest in necessary truth, the theory of a priori, and necessity.

It is imperative to mention that the discussion of the human mind has led to many disagreements among thinkers, and the difference between the theories that they propose is rather significant.

On the other hand, Hume defines the concept of necessity as the kind of uniformity observed in the unique operations and processes in nature.

Contrary to the expectations of the Chinese people, this situation disenfranchised Confucius up to the point of leaving his government post.

Many of the writings of the Young Hegelians focused on the refutation of religion and need to replace religion with philosophy as the moral criterion for the society and means for understanding history.

Socrates advocated the idea that justice was good, and that meant that injustice was equal to evil. The point he makes here is that justice is the cure for evil, and that a man who [...]

The most prominent topic was the status of intellectualism at Harvard in addition, to the canon of the Unitarian church trained at Harvard School of religion.

As a result, I believe that the mentioned philosopher is trying to convey various ideas and notions that highlight the complexity of human existence.

Interest in the teachings of Aristotle contributed to the unification of many philosophers, which happened in the case of Thomas Aquinas. The main achievement of Thomas is that he is considered the founder of the [...]

A person may need faith to be able to act in principle, to function - it can be the primary basis of action.

As such, his approach suggested that reality was the world that caused sensations and the truth was the ability to acquire knowledge of the world through mental concepts as a product of empirical sensations.

This is some kind of a problem that means that the passion, enthusiasm, and even unpredictability of both Greek tragedies and the art and life of the nineteenth century were and are being repressed.

Taking into consideration the fact that Plato was actually trying to create the image of the ideal state and show the means which in his understanding are the key issues to building up the society [...]

It appears that Socrates believed in an intellectual aristocracy, where those who had more education and had proven themselves in sophistry the "Socratic method" of exchange and analysis of ideas as a path to all [...]

Smith, a pioneer of political economy, would be interested in analyzing the current economic situation in the country and, perhaps, even suggest ways for the country to overcome the economic crisis.

Being a man who believed and supported all that the government of Athens stood for, he was not going to be the one to falter from his beliefs and faith in the state and its [...]

The philosophical dilemma is how to do it, because in the overwhelming majority of cases, a human being is driven by the desire.

Gandhi proposed some principles for the members of the Satyagraha and insisted that these principles must be followed to achieve the desired effect.

Both Locke and Hume looked into the perspective of human self and its interaction with the environment and tried to explain the nature and balance of the existence of human as a race within the [...]

One of the main criticisms of David Hume's gnoseological model has been traditionally reflective of the assumption that being strongly reductionist denies the possibility for people to be able to attain a complete understanding of [...]

Berkeley found evident flaws in Locke's "copy theory" and shaped his views into a cohesive philosophy that could hardly be criticized by the thinkers of his time.

After scrutinizing the past of the public sphere, Herbamas establishes that there was no between the public and the private spheres, because of the class groupings by the feudal government. He views the liberal model [...]

They include the view of justice that forms the basis of Socrates' criticism and the reason why the philosopher found Cephalus and Polemarchus definitions and views of justice unsatisfactory.

He could have attained the name because of the nature of his forehead or because of his extensive knowledge. Due to the wealth and political influence of his family, his father gave him the best [...]

Khun introduced the concept of "paradigm shift" in mainstream science by suggesting that scientific models undergo paradigm shifts and therefore, the notion that scientific models develop in a linear manner is untrue. After weighing the [...]

In "The Apology" by Plato, the characterization of Socrates is tied to the fact that the setting of the book was Socrates' execution.

The data used serve as evidence and are based on to confirm hypothesis. Both data and observations are based on to confirm hypothesis thus theories must meet the consistency condition as well as the other [...]

The article situates the reasoning of Hegel in two articles, one being the Second Sex by Simone and the other is the modern woman as a subject by Fanon.

One of the thoughts that Camus laid down for his argument is the idea that once the abstract nature of the world is revealed to an individual, a person develops attitudes that are connected to [...]

Pain which is brought about by harm is the main source of injustice, pursuing pleasure involved refraining from doing what does not bring pleasure to oneself but ensuring that obtaining utmost personal pleasure would be [...]

Socrates was a man of unfathomable religious convictions and a patriot, but most of his contemporary allies regarded him with suspicion and dislike due to his attitude towards the state of Athens and the various [...]

Born in 1706 in Paris, Gabrielle-Emilie le Tonnelier de Breteuil was the product of the second marriage of Louis Nicolas le Tonnelier de Breteuil, a protocol officer in the court of the Sun King; Louis [...]

The views on the value of philosophy by Russell, Socrates, and Janet Radcliffe Richards have differences and similarities. Therefore the respective utility of philosophy is determined by human curiosity according to Russell's choices drawing from [...]

However, if one refers to the categorical imperative of Kantian, the position against abortion is more ethical and convincing, as it recognizes the fetus's value and right to life.

Philosopher Francis Bacon is seen as the founder of modern philosophy, and one can see the shift from the pre-modern to the modern world in his ideas.

This essay will examine the delays in Socrates' prosecution, the local, national, and international forces that affected his trial, and the supporting documentation from the dialogues we have studied, the Hughes movie, the studies of [...]

Concepts help us to understand the logic of our conclusions, and intuition helps us to understand the essence of our actions. We need to use both concepts and intuition to make meaningful decisions.

In contrast to Plato, Aristotle asserted that the senses were necessary for accurately determining reality and that they could not be used to deceive a person. Aristotle and Plato both considered that thoughts were superior [...]

For instance, Protagoras convinced people that truth depends on the ability of an individual to convince others about a given concept regardless of the logic embedded in the reasoning.

It is obvious that the turning is a visual illusion, and the only physical event that actually took place was the person slowly walking around the models with the camera.

The discussion begins with a recognition of man as a self-conscious being as the underlying factor that differentiates him from animals and that the use of the phrase 'I' is a manifestation of that attribute. [...]