Philosophy Essay Examples and Topics

The human being was once considered of as the Great Amphibian, or the one who can exclusively live in the two worlds, a creature of the physical world and also an inhabitant of the spiritual, [...]

In The Apology, Socrates stands before a jury of his peers accused of "committing an injustice, in that he inquires into things below the earth and in the sky, and makes the weaker argument the [...]

This is evidenced within the text of the Apology as Socrates begins his defense of himself against the old enemies that have spoken falsely "telling of one Socrates, a wise man, who speculated about the [...]

Stuart Mill's utilitarianism and Emmanuel Kant's deontology, to answer the question is it acceptable to lie to my friend to spare her feelings if the lie would not cause great harm?

The second argument that should be discussed in Aristotle's view of the idea of pleasure as the way to meet the key function of a person.

The same applies to what is right and what is wrong that is what is right or wrong differs from individual to individual, group to group, society to society.

In this chapter, he explains that "It may be answered that one should wish to be both, but, because it is difficult to unite them in one person, is much safer to be feared than [...]

Though the emerging popularity is not yet a sign of the reincarnation existence, it encourages the scientists to study this problem.

His studies point to the fact that only when a man begins to inquire about the meaning of Being [Dasien] and its presence in the beings of experience does he grasp his own essential reality [...]

Kierkegaard's writing is developed in the context of his approach to Christianity, while Nietzsche's thesis lies in the death of God.

In other words, his theory of utility is based on the principle of moral obligation: the greatest pleasure for the greatest number of people who are involved or affected by the action performed by one [...]

The form of an object is the arrangement of the comprising components making up the object in focus. This is the counterpart of the subjects of predication in the Categories.

It is important to note the importance of the term paradigm in analyzing a correlation or link between Plato's Forms and the Allegory of the Cave.

In summary, becoming is seen as the special case of being. The research on philosophy of being and becoming was confusing in defining the clear distinction between the two concepts.

The only glaring blemish was Marcus' inordinate hatred of Christians; he considered them devious and dangerous, and as a result, subjected them to rigorous persecution.

I used to resort to this type of reflection at the beginning of my practice in the substance misuse center. In that situation, I played the role of the supervisor and had to do my [...]

It is good to be in the company of such noble men and do what they say and to follow them.

The author makes an assumption that the net result of economic habits is to fund the armed forces of the country because people lend savings to the government.

In Leviathan Hobbes has mentioned that how could a soul be a part of a man or a part of any of the man's bodily features?

He did his duties as a citizen, and stoically bore the privations of poverty and a shrewish wife.he did not expound his philosophies, but rather chose to converse with people and by the very act [...]

Determinism is a theory which states that the course of the future is determined by a combination of past events and the laws of nature, creating a unique outcome.

According to consciousness, the flow of information goes from the mental aspect to the physical aspect, which means that consciousness rise due to the interaction of the physical as well as the mental and cognitive [...]

The principled nonviolence includes such diverse beliefs as pacifism, generally non-active form of resistance to violence, and the commitment of the Quakers, a religious group, to use their deeply held belief in a nonviolent way [...]

The Socratic legacy understand that the moral life is the best life for the agent thus has the central role of linking Socrates' intuitions of the pre-eminence of morality with the theory of uniform self-interested [...]

Aristotle emphasized that the lawgiver and the politician occupied the constitution and the state wholly and defined a citizen as one who had the right to deliberate or participate in the matters of the judicial [...]

The best taste a person can have in his life is happiness because of success. But in my point of view, happiness is the main feeling that comes from the success of any useful act [...]

It is the practice of individuals or larger societal entities working in common with mutually agreed-upon goals and possibly methods, instead of working separately in competition, and in which the success of one is dependent [...]

Accomplishing the first claim of the assignment, it is necessary to emphasize, that Socrates as a historical person is viewed as the philosopher and sage who always lived in poverty, and Socrates is often regarded [...]

Following Descartes, the essence of the mind is thought, the essence of the body is the extension. The boundary between the mind and the body is grounded in the distinction between the intelligent and the [...]

No doubt to avoid engendering such reactions in their first experiences with Plato, Rice has sought to minimize the buzz of controversy virtually to the point of elimination from view and to focus instead on [...]

These are fear of premature death, fear of the idea of death, fear of the dying process, fear of the death of significant others, fear of the unknown, fear of being destroyed, fear of the [...]

Reading, beyond the list, is an understanding, by a subject, of the sense manifests only in and as the determinate bondings of words; the words, the "list," are the expression of a force of meaning, [...]

Hume's critique of theology is driven by and expressed as a suspicion that natural theology is for the most part an unconscious effort to rationalize and legitimate a preexisting and culturally acquired religious view of [...]

Bessie Stanley, the author of the poem, What is a success, described success as, "He has achieved success who has lived well, laughed often, and loved much; Who has enjoyed the trust of pure women, [...]

Dressing style is one of the most confronting aspects of the Amish religion in the sense that they tend to be traditional in their dressing styles and their dressing styles are the most simple ones.

They are based on philosophies that so much influence the life of the people in these regions. Confucianism advocated for social responsibility and that is why it has influenced the people of china for a [...]

It is very clear that John Locke's theory about material things understanding and perceiving them is an attempt to contribute to the advancement of epistemology. Locke was mistaken in assuming that there is nothing certain [...]

This book can be understood as the first modern text of political theory in the West because it sets down a pattern of conduct and policy which a "wise" sovereign should follow if he desires [...]

Xun Zi was a Confucian who hailed the belief that human nature is originally evil, and the purpose of moral cultivation is to develop our nature into goodness.

Jonathan Edwards, in his fundamental work The Freedom of the Will, argues that the will always choose according to its greatest desire at the moment of choice.

The allegory of the cave illustrates the place of the form of the good at the top of Plato's hierarchy. It addresses the images of education and governance.

Although some of the concepts similar to the teachings Buddhism had spread to Paschke and Koguyo, the places inhabited by the Koryo people, the religion preached by Buddha could not be firmly established in two [...]

The stupa became a symbol of the Buddha, of his final release from the cycle of birth and rebirth - the Parinirvana or the "Final Dying," the monk explained. He explained that the main Buddha [...]

The third rule is that the logical process must proceed step by step from the simplest and easiest portion of the problem to clearly and distinctly know and progress in order of difficulty to the [...]

As the relevance and the appropriateness of the metaphor are established, it is of paramount significance to consider the different aspects of the question in a meaningful and judicious manner.

This article deals with the various theoretical aspects governing scepticism and tries to throw light on the contentions of the various schools of thoughts regarding their perception and perspective of what constitutes scepticism in the [...]

The historical origins of analytic philosophy can be swiftly featured in three-wide cares: Initially, the positivist view is that there are no particularly philosophical realities and that the object of philosophy is the reasonable amplification [...]

The central concepts of Marxist economics include the theory of labor value, the disposition of production, and the inevitable conflicts between the classes.

The main problem in the philosophy of Bergson is the principle of the psychological functions and naturally, a matter which is presented as the body of the cosmos should be sovereign of these functions.

The idea that man is inherently selfish and is motivated only by his fundamental needs is not a new one. The idea is that any act of a human being requires some basic motivational factor.

Buddhism, one of the major religions of the world, provides valuable teachings on how to alleviate sadness in life, among others specifically advocating Contentment, Peace of Mind and Love, all of which lie at the [...]

The world outside the cave is the logical place; which is reachable to logic but not to insight; the voyage outside of the cave into daylight of the world is the soul's inclination to the [...]

The ethics in Kantianism are deontological in nature which is based on the duty of the person instead of the emotional feelings and the goals.

He also explains that we as humans tend to relate to things based on our perception and not on a neutral basis; as quoted, "Nature always wears the colors of the spirit".

Galileo said that those who wish to genuinely and intelligently understand the biblical passages should look for the 'true sense of the passages.' According to him, the Bible has kept something obscure so that it [...]

The state is exhausted in official activity under the authority of positive law, which leads to the liberal claim that the state of exception is a state of lawlessness.

In this theory, Aristotle refers to a good life as being a happy life. Aristotle says that good life, since it is a final end, is explained in terms of human functions.

Maybe she was right, but life is not going the way we want it to; in contrary we are bound ourselves to the circle of life by the stress of existence.

In personal ethical egoists, the belief is that one should pursue his or her own interest without telling other people what they are ought to do.

From this, he obtained the regulation of usefulness, that the good is anything that brings the maximum happiness to the maximum number of people.

Knowing that some of the beliefs of philosophy are opposite to the beliefs of the Christian doctrine and ignoring it is just not acceptable.

Singer, the philosopher, and author of the article makes it clear that the extension of the basic principle of equality from one group to another does not imply that both groups are to be treated [...]

Knowledge of the bases of Muslim doctrine is rather variously at various layers of the population and in the different countries of traditional distribution of Islam.

Anticipating differentiation of human rights and the rights of citizen, issued in the corresponding Declaration of the period of the French revolution of the end of XVIII century, Aristotle is interested by a question - [...]

He claims that the self-preservation of an individual is the primary factor that motivates the formation of society and induces the transfer of some of the liberties to a common power.

The question that this paper seeks to answer is whether the law is dead. This is a question of a mutually complementary relationship between the law and the citizens where it prevails.

The next task is to find the existence and nature of justice in this state. Plato adds to this that justice is "the principle of doing one's own business".

In the chapter entitled "The concept of essence", Marcuse defines the philosophical construct of the essence as the abstraction and isolation of the one true form of existence from a multitude of changing appearances, and [...]

In that period, the epistles of Paul to the Ephesians and the Corinthians and his preaching to the Athenians were all aimed at a Greek audience.

In the role of representatives of the people, it is prudent that the legislators seek to act in the best interest of the majority of the people and to do so with its input.

The interpretation of good and bad is dependent upon the context in which it is perceived. The philosophers Bentham and Mill associated the concept of utilitarianism with the study of ethics.

Soon, Oedipus also understands that the prophecy has come true and that he is the source of the curse for the kingdom.

In philosophy, egoism is the theory that one is self is or should be; the motivation of one's action. This divergence can be explained further using the following features of the concept of ethical egoism: [...]

He is of the opinion that America political writers and the political class deliberately blocks public opinion to serve their own interests; "The existence of a force called public opinion is in the main taken [...]

The quest for absolute knowledge is fruitless because not a single person is able to claim with certainty that the specific idea or knowledge is absolute. Knowledge is the result of examination of ideas to [...]

For several times in the course of life I became convinced in the fact that the more a person knows the more he or she needs to know.

According to the frame of the course of miracles, the work of the Holy Spirit is to teach us forgiveness, which acts as a corrective measure of the ego.

He was one of the first proponents of science as the positive and pragmatic knowledge needed for understanding the world and manipulating different things and processes.

If to assume that moral relativism is true, then it is impossible to discuss good and bad outside the specific situation. Thus, their actions were morally wrong according to the assumptions of moral relativism.

The disparity between the issues of legal political obligation and moral obligation makes it hard for liberal political theorists to analyze the natural duty and the moral basis of any person's submission to his or [...]

He lived during the reign of King Hui of Liang and the time of King Xuan of ai. He was from the town of Meng which was situated in the state of song.

As a position is defined, it is continually questioned and counter-questioned, eventually bringing the conversation around to a point where the original response is contradicted by the responder while the way in which it is [...]

Basically, the political obligation can be considered as the duty of the members of the population and the people of the nation to abide by the laws and the provisions of the constitution.

Zhuang Zi is the name for both the traditional sinological transcription of the name of the putative author, and of the title of his major work Zhuang Zi."Chuang Tzu" is simply the transliteration according to [...]

A philosophical theory of evil can be expected to address many questions of meaning and value that pertain us to think in multiple dimensions at a time like thinking of "evil" a concept worth preserving [...]

The allegory is preceded by the analogy of the divided line and metaphor of the son. Descartes is considered to be one of the greatest rationalists.

The idea of necessity is that any necessary fact is true across all possible worlds; that is, we could not envisage it to be otherwise.

It should be noted that unlike other reactions to these changes Adorno and Benjamin's stances have critical potential as both these authors can be placed within the Left tradition of philosophical thought.

However, the argumentation regarding the concept of "sovereign" is stronger because the whole chapter is devoted to the ideas of "sovereign" and "sovereignty".

Concepts of the roles and duties have differed across civilizations and many discourses, books, and precepts have been offered to the young prince about how to conduct themselves in the affairs of the state.

The temptation to be relevant is likely to affect the life of a minister in case they forget that serving the Lord and following His Word should be the focus of their efforts and, instead, [...]

The idea of immortality is one of the key themes that are discussed in theism in terms of the problem of evil.

The purpose of this essay is to consider the Euthyphro dilemma and what problem it poses for the Divine Command Theory.

Rowe used the opinions of several theologians, Bultmann and Hume, to explain the essence of a miracle and its relation to religion.

During this week, Chapter 6, "Faith and Reason", has to be analyzed to contribute to the discussion of theism and atheism and clarify the connection between faith and reasons.

At the same time, I cannot comprehend why the work of God is hard to interpret as a violation of the law of nature. As a rule, people like to believe that it is the [...]

2 Both ideas make sense, and the goal of this review is to compare the opinions of James and Clifford to strengthen an understanding of the connection between beliefs, evidence, and sentiments.

In many cultures, there is a tendency towards isolation and spiritual loneliness to distract oneself from the bustle of the outside world.

People are free to share their opinions and beliefs, but one thing remains the same that the presence of evil and suffering in human life disrupts the idea of God's supernatural powers.

Therefore, the first element of viewing death is evil that the author examines is the contrast of this occurrence to life, which is perceived as good.

Nevertheless, Hobbes seems to distinguish his writings on the Law of Nature from realistic conditions, with the philosophy based on maxims of the knowledge of human nature and behavior that apply moral precepts on science [...]

According to Dougherty and Slevc, the identification of one's research philosophy when participating in scientific research is vital because it clearly articulates the goals and estimated outcomes of a study, as well as the perspectives [...]

My understanding of faith is close to the definition suggested by Tilley, who argues that faith is the relationship between the person who has faith and that "which one has faith in".

5 The present paper aims at identifying and explaining these factors, evaluating the role that worldviews may play in the emergence of welfare states, and analyzing the impact of presumptions and ideologies on the Iranian [...]

The Peloponnesian War was a significant period in the history of the Mediterranean region, which caused the deterioration of the power of Athens and made Sparta the key city-state in the area.

One of the main criticisms of David Hume's gnoseological model has been traditionally reflective of the assumption that being strongly reductionist denies the possibility for people to be able to attain a complete understanding of [...]

It is thus possible to say that the text describes a ritual that is performed by the priest in the name of God to determine if a woman is impure or not to make her [...]

In their respective teachings, namely, Enchiridion and Meditations, Epictetus and Marcus Aurelius provide insightful thoughts regarding the philosophy of life as depicted in the course of people's search for happiness and improved livelihood. The Epicurean [...]

Locke states that people are "constantly exposed to the invasion of others...and the greater part no strict observers of equity and justice, the enjoyment of the property he has in this state is very unsafe". [...]

The present paper will explore the characteristics that make Bartleby a man of his time and comment on the opposition between the character and the narrator.

At the same time, the philosopher believed that in order to realize the full potential of humanity and every individual, the practice of alienated labor, as well as private ownership and class division associated with [...]

The study of ancient thinkers' philosophical arguments, their concepts, and the interpretation of certain social norms and laws is the goal of the educational course and the work conducted during this period.

This is because the inductive risk, or the risk of error in rejecting or confirming a scientific hypothesis, forces scientists to make value judgments.

The world of The Matrix is one of the examples of the precarity of that, which may be called the real world as perceived by the beholder.

As for the wages and labor section of The Wealth of Nations, it appears that Smith regards workers as a homogenous human capital with transferable and, hence, subject to substitution.

Those that believe in God are on the positive side of the wager, while those that do not are on the negative side.

The key idea behind this notion is that "everything that's happening now and that will happen in the future was already guaranteed to happen by things that happened in the distant past".

The objection states that the observation that humanity exists is claimed to support the fine-tuning argument. Therefore, the people who use fine-tuning to prove God's existence do not deny the possibility of non-carbon life.

If the mind does not need the physical body to exist, it means that the state of unconsciousness due to injuries and other objective reasons is impossible.

The participants in the third study were asked to repeat the recalling process of the first study after which they had to choose between a pencil and an antiseptic wipe as gifts.