As the picaresque novel is based on Leibnitz's philosophy of optimism which suggests the idea of the perfectness of the world and everything in the world, to be more exact, Voltaire introduces ironic ideas concerning [...]
An objective and meticulous examination of the freedom and responsibility spectrum that highlights the difference between choice and causation explains whether human actions are free or predetermined.
This is some kind of a problem that means that the passion, enthusiasm, and even unpredictability of both Greek tragedies and the art and life of the nineteenth century were and are being repressed.
He is viewed as the rescuer of Thebes through his efforts to protect the people and his success in fighting the Argive Army.
Vygotsky believed that these tools of the mind extend an individual’s mental abilities to solve problems and creatively formulate solutions in the present world.
He comes to the thesis that the doubt in the reality of perception testifies to the consciousness and existence of a person and that the features of human nature evidence God's existence.
According to my experience, it is indeed possible to develop a good sense of both taste and beauty, and background and practice play a significant role in this development.
One of the primary conditions of freedom in the theory of free will, according to Campbell, is the availability of alternative opportunities, or the ability "to do otherwise".
In his severe 1964 work titled "The Artworld," Danto explores the role of art experts and theory. Second, it is the art theory that makes the Artworld possible in the first place.
Max Horkheimer, in his concept 'Eclipse of Reason,' claims that modern society is an entity subjecting all to dehumanizing effects and that suffering in the society results from the absence of rationality.
Conceptualism is a trend in art that refers to the intellectual comprehension of a work, which makes it related to philosophy.
The paradox of the question about free will for humans is also related to the role of God and the impossibility of great philosophers to provide a clear answer.
In regime theory, the major role of inequality is that it is a deterrent to the ideals of the model. In summary, Stone strongly rejects the pluralism's view that the vote makes politics a penetrable [...]
According to Compatibilism philosophy, Clarence's murdering his girlfriend is a free action, because, as Hume states, "the conjunction between motives and voluntary actions is as regular and uniform as that between cause and effect in [...]
Utilitarianism is primarily based on the outcome, where the one with the most amount of good is considered to be the right choice.
All of the previous premises lead to concluding that disagreements over value judgments can be resolved sometimes. Objectivism says that disagreements can be resolved, but under the mentioned circumstances this will be rare to happen.
It is not simply by a pure accident that the 20th century is now being strongly associated with the initial rise of existentialism, as an entirely new branch of Western philosophic thought, which is concerned [...]
Logic as understood by Socrates was to some extent influenced by the Pythagoreans since he practiced the dialectic methods in investigating the objectivity and authority of the different propositions.
This is considered as the way a particular feeling or notion is portrayed The recommendation of action to another person is not an ethical thing to be performed in that this has to totally embrace [...]
The notion of commitment is linked with the presence of a caller, the one who is called, and a response to the call.
One of the great disciples of Socrates, in Athens was Plato, he articulates the Athenian jury system and reveals the inadequacy of the arbitration.
According to the Philosopher, a ruler must also complete great achievements to be honored in his own country, not mentioning the fact that he must keep an inner group of counselors to offer true and [...]
This is not the only question Meno asks but in all the cases, he fails to begin by defining the basis of his questions.
According to Kohlberg, justice is the driver of the process of moral development. Therefore, the early Christians should have continued to practice Christianity regardless of the persecution.
In fact, he is more concerned with the profane nature of God and human beings, as opposed to the sacred nature.
What is right and what is wrong is not dependent on the object of interest or on the methods of justice, but in the eyes of the perceiver.
Various social scientists and religious scholars have given different interpretations for the emergence of the universe and the forms of life in it.
The short existence of these life forms does not seem to have any purpose in the Universe. Prior to time zero is also not explained by any of the theories and philosophies proposed.
This paper explores how the combination of the moral theory of consequentialism and the political theory of liberalism can help an individual in making tough decisions that involve professional and business ethics.
This presupposition forms the basis of Mill's principle of utility, which suggests that an action is acceptable if and only if the outcomes of that particular action are as fulfilling as those of any other [...]
As was mentioned by Harry Frankfurt, philosophy is created through anxiety born of an understanding of the limitation of knowledge.
I believe that if anyone had gone through all the pain and horror that Simon had, and was asked to forgive Karl, the instinct, and most humane reaction at that moment would be to strongly [...]
As perceived by most scientists, one of the fundamental characteristics of science is objectivity in procedure and findings such that there are no values, perceptions, beliefs, and emotions that could potentially bias the scientific outcome. [...]
In this paper, emotions and moral judgment are defined; assumptions in regards to the influence of emotions on moral judgments are presented along with models and research findings that support these assumptions.
Finnis points out that, in the application of positive law, the definition of justice is in terms of the provisions of the said propositions and is not cognizant of any objecting scheme in the natural [...]
Theories and concepts that enable one to understand the nature of law, the role it plays in society, and the sources of its authority are collectively referred to as the philosophy of law.
The second assumption is based on the idea that we cannot deliberately identify a moral expert because of confusion in the literature that regards to the definition of moral experts.
The value of statistical life is therefore established to calculate various risk factors influencing the quality and expectancy of human life.
Principal Issues Metaphysics: Issues and types of freedom, types of determinism, nature of reality, nature of humanity As a set of theories and concepts that allows for the study of the concept of reality, as [...]
This concept brings us to one of the central doctrines of the Meditations and the lasting legacies of Descartes's work, which is the real distinction between the mind and the body.
It can provide us with a tool to analyze the problems in 360 degrees and predict possible consequences: from the beginning of recognizing the issues till the end of generalizing the decisions and values, the [...]
In this theory of act utilitarianism, is well stated that, when one is faced with a decision to make, the first thing to consider is the outcome of the potential deeds and, from that decide [...]
Plato sees personality development as a way to happiness; judging by his Myth of the Cave where he reveals the pursuit of knowledge, seeking wisdom, and having a passion for truth as the forms of [...]
The calculation of such umber is made according to with to the occupancy of the room, the height of the story above and below the ground, and the travel distance.
On the other hand, humans have the ability to make predictions about themselves and others, some of which will come true, undermining the idea of free will.
The sun represents the realm of knowledge illustrated by Plato's Allegory of the Cave. I think that an individual has the power to shape their ideas and perspective of knowledge.
The reason why Socrates did not appeal to the Assembly for mercy is that he was sincerely convinced of his life goal to practice philosophy.
Along with Socrates and Aristotle, Plato is one of the members of the Big Three that made a significant impact on the emergence and development of philosophy.
The forms of space and time apply to all objects of possible experience, but only to them, only to phenomena, and things in themselves are hidden to people.
It was connected to the attempts of the philosopher to find a way out of the political and cultural crisis in Europe.
The paper highlights the lack of research on the political context and alternate means of civic engagement used by the young generation.
For the process of needs assessment, it was primarily crucial to observe the communication in the group and identify the areas which seemed to lack expertise and professionalism from the organization members.
As a result, as Rousseau argues, people have material priorities, and the issue of private property raises sharply, which is the reason for the emergence of the state.
It can be concluded that difficult life situations have contributed to the development of Epictetus' view of the world and motivated them to share his knowledge with people.
The arguments in the first lecture relate to the explanation of the liberal hegemony and how it leads to failure, concluding that it contradicts the country's values.
Classical liberalism focused on the issues of political and economic freedoms, the natural rights of the individual, and the social contract. The novelty of the ideas of classical liberalism is based on the European and [...]
The origins of the Self stem from the idea that a person is a "thinking intelligent being," so consciousness is the foundation of personal identity.
Overall, there are similarities and differences in the gods' portrayal in Ovid's and Sophocles' works. In both texts, the deities are respected and revered by mortal people.
The Euthyphro dilemma refers to the state Euthyphro found himself in after the conversation with Socrates, whereby it was difficult to decide whether God loves holiness because it is holy or whether holiness is holy [...]
The truest happiness arrives through the task of a person's highest function: the utilization of the coherent rule of mind. The first one is "The universal run of individuals and the crudest," which identifies happiness [...]
Rawlsian is another approach that the government can use to ensure that the ethical and political values are in the interest of the common good.
From the flow of the story, it is also possible that the young officer is the same boy that was flogged while in school.
In addition, he argues identity relates to the mind because it is a result of it and not the body or the soul.
An important argument of many philosophers and thinkers is that arts and liberal education adds another very important component to the mindset and understanding of a person.
The reality is that people expect the worst and have to create plans for such occurrences. Realism is a philosophical branch of thinking that tries to expand the knowledge of people and explain what reality [...]
The Chinese people have over the years grown in loyalty to their leaders and respect for the elders in the society.
The exact statement of the accusation is: "Socrates is guilty of corrupting the young and of not believing in the gods in whom the city believes, but in other new divinities".
From the reading, 'The Well of Creativity in The Mystery of Everyday Life, it is true that special words such as interesting, inspiration, self-consciousness, dialogue, and enchantment are used to explain relationships between individuals within [...]
Therefore, they base their hopes on the belief that all will be well with them, and they will wake up to continue with their daily activities.
According to Plato, rhetoric is an art of philosophy that helps in controlling the minds of the crowd or any kind of meeting such as congregation.
For instance, in the case of the Japanese mass killing, the government is encouraging the nation to heal in a way they consider to be the most convenient.
If one asks an average respondent about the characteristics of knowledge and belief, the answer will include the fact that knowledge is supported by evidence, and belief is only a supposition based on someone's vision [...]
The human nature of capitalism is encrusted in the philosophical thinking of the west. Therefore, western philosophy considers the existence of God and capitalism as the main influences on human nature.
Allegory by the Cave is one of the widely read and used books of Plato. Plato's view on a Utopian society is slightly different in the sense that it is aligned more towards religion compared [...]
Generally, it is a term that is used to describe the code of acceptable behaviors in a given context or society.
This is in addition to the quality of, the virtues, the vices within the moral assessment and the process of attaining happiness in human life.
Socrates explained the difference between true opinion and knowledge by saying that true opinion is something that we had tethered to us by force.
The perception of pain in the Epicurus' teachings is a paradox because in the everyday life, people can feel pain in instances of sickness and accidents, but not necessarily due to hunger.
According to Philo, it is hard to deduce the explanation of the origin of the highest order from the lowest ones.
However, the historical evaluation of the situation in Israel and the development of the Israel-Palestinian conflict that led to the Israel war of independence in 1948 and continues today shows that it is not an [...]
The accusations placed against Socrates include: Studying the activities in the heavens and below the earth. Predicting the things in the heavens and below the earth associates him with the physicists such as Thales and [...]
Studying it, obtaining new and new facts, enlarging his knowledge, man started to think not only about the principles of the functioning of the surrounding world, but about the ways his percepts the information and [...]
And this is no wonder as in his works he addressed the most important eternal topics of genesis and the meaning of life including cosmic determinism, human freedom, morality, intellectual development, and the importance of [...]
The evolution of morality is closely connected to the issues of human evolution and human moral development7 that are discussed by Darwin and his followers.
According to Bryant, the term "lila" is essential for understanding the theological aspect of the Krishna text. Bryant additionally explains the term as the definition of the God in play.
Despite the fact that Kant was not the first of his contemporaries to declare the difference between the real world and the individual's perception of it, he was the first to successfully dwell upon the [...]
These works contain his core philosophical principles that include the will to power, perspectivism, the eternal recurrence of the same, and the idea of the "super-man".
The issues addressed by this project are related to the nature, structure, degree of integrity, dependence on cultural conditions, values, as well as opportunities and ways of developing the character in the most successful way.
The decision to return to the cave to enlighten the rest of the prisoners is viewed by Plato as the work of philosophers in enlightening the rest of the population to know the truth.
And it is not the way of "the sceptics, who doubt only for the sake of doubting". And a redundancy of information also is a huge power, which confuses people to get the pure Knowledge.
This is manifested in their teachings where Aristotle speaks of virtue as finding a balance between two extremes while Socrates says that virtue is the desire for one to do well in one's life.
In my evaluation of the quote "Real knowledge is to know the extent of one's ignorance," I would say that it expresses very profound and useful things to be aware of.
Idealism seems not to be as persuasive as realism for it is not substantial enough to say that everything in this world is operated by the minds of people, whereas saying that the world exists [...]
Mental illness is considered to be a genuine medical phenomenon and its causes are explained from the medical point of view.
My main arguments are connected with the Source of the Bible's message; I mean the One standing behind this message; to the opinions by famous historians including Josephus Flavius; and the fact that the apostles [...]
The means of gaining power and control and the legitimacy of such power are usually enshrined in the political philosophies of certain communities.
On careful examination of his writings about the body and mind, one finds out that they are rich with a lot of metaphysics which is related to theories of the body and mind together with [...]
Comparing the general statement of Das Kapital and Principles of Political Economy it becomes evident that Marx and Mill have different views as to the accumulation of capital and thus regarding the social organization to [...]
He knows that his rejection is not about qualification and neither is it a result of the alleged phone he does not have but has more to do with his social status.
This group of philosophers feels that whatever state one is in or goes through he needs to be calm and not complain or boast about the situation.
On several occasions, it determines the magnitude of truth in a particular set of scientific results, thereby the merits or demerits of the same. This makes it the category of philosophy that studies the nature [...]
Scholars and thinkers of repute in the fields of philosophy, political science, and history during the ancient, classical, and contemporary epochs of learning have put forward theories that attempt to explain the origins, necessity, and [...]
The security system of a computer is based on preset access information which a person must use in order to access the data.
This implies that in institutions of learning character should be improved so as not only to attain the self-importance of an individual but for the ethical good of the general public.
After the final monologue in which Socrates tells Crito that the voices in his conscience have been urging him against going against the state and the laid down laws, it becomes rather clear that he [...]
The ancient Greeks wanted to discover what it takes to be virtuous, what one has to do in order to be full of character and nobility, and what it takes to live the good life.
More, it is a book of the hidden circumstances that follow the rising of the stars due to specific circumstances rather than the innate abilities or IQ.
This was an indication that the government was the determiner of a man's right to life. He was clear that naturally man had the right to life, property, good health and knowledge.
The theory of forms of Plato portrays to us that abstract non-material forms have the highest kind of fundamental reality as compared to this material world that is known well to us by sensation.
Given the intense rivalry between the two brothers on who to donate the kidney to the ailing dad, and the chilling revelation of their mother on the paternity of the younger brother, it is convenient [...]
He therefore was trying to say that good is the pivot of everything else in life. Plato's suggestion of the becoming and being model has partitioned life into two.
Taking into consideration the fact that Plato was actually trying to create the image of the ideal state and show the means which in his understanding are the key issues to building up the society [...]
As Machiavelli points out, fear is an integral part of the policy of a prince, in case it bites not his royal majesty, but the people of the state. And since that certainly means a [...]
Locke's concept of God is referred to Deism, the key point of which is the observation of nature and not intruding into it.
Given that Socrates knows that Euthyphro is a good lawyer, he asks him to explain to him so that he can know the whole truth about what is pious.
There is the emphasis on the people's eccentricity which should be given chance to flow as this is of great importance to the entire society.
However, in reality, we only have the freedom to think whatever we like, and only as long as we know that this freedom is restricted to thought only.
The Platonic dialogue in The Symposium epitomizes the progression that Diotima describes as pursuance of beauty in highly refined and generalized forms and each speech in the symposium takes the reader closer to the comprehension [...]
He viewed everything in light of the law of nature, which to him constituted freedom to all human beings and the right to life and own property.
The ship begins a voyage around the world and in the course of this voyage some of the parts of the ship inevitably break. The entire framework of the ship that left the port has [...]