Ethical Philosophy Essay Examples and Topics

This argument has led to the development of the second premise in the theory, which states that in order for actions and decisions to qualify as right and moral, they must appeal to the happiness [...]

At the center of the utilitarian argument that shifts from the concern we physically have for our personal feelings of pain and pleasure, to others feelings of pain and pleasure, is the belief that this [...]

The aim of the paper is to reveal the nature of human conduct from the philosophical point of view. That is why, the nature of human conduct is a difficult aspect of a human being.

Since human beings have rationality that is generated from God, they possess natural law that enables them to perceive what is morally acceptable."Aquinas emphasizes that human acts should be based on reason which is intrinsically [...]

When comparing the crimes that might be committed and the fact that the person will be late for work, it is clear that the lateness is not as important.

The key difference is that relativism relates the human experience to the influence of culture, while subjectivism states that right and wrong is a matter of personal opinion.

While a believer will pose that the two function as a couple, a non-believer, on the other hand will hold that morality is independent of religion.

The first example of a moral controversy that he uses is the case of baby Theresa. From this example, Rachels is trying to illustrate the issue of alternatives in the moral decision.

Quote: The amanagers of a corporation must take responsibility to fulfil their duties to their stockholders and to the public'. According to this normative theory, the utility can be described as anything that is related [...]

The idea of the purpose justifying the means is central to utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is dependent on consequentiality since it asserts that the most moral thing to do is to use happiness for the benefit of [...]

In the case of the question about reality, Plato offered insightful knowledge and a framework to understand the nature of reality.

The main difference between Mill's and Bentham's conception of Utilitarianism is that Mill, though a consequentialist, makes a case for the qualitative aspects of happiness.

The article describes Kant's approach to moral philosophy and his understanding of the goodwill and the role of humans. On the one hand, Kant's explanation of a human as an end and not as a [...]

The doctrine of the golden mean is a request for a realistic moral axiom. The word "virtue" is used in some cases to denote a personal quality and, in others, as a generalized indicator of [...]

In the words of Kant, utilitarianism cannot be used as a yardstick in the evaluation of human actions because it is not universal.

To be more particular about the two types above of ethics, virtue ethics can be defined as the type of ethics that "focuses on the character traits and nonobligatory ideas that facilitate the development of [...]

The current paper will define the issue of human cloning through the prism of Kantian ethics and support the idea of reproductive cloning being a contravention of human dignity and fundamental biological principles.

According to utilitarianism, the greatest ethical action is the one that benefits society, and the value of each person is more significant than the value of a community.

The second argument that should be discussed in Aristotle's view of the idea of pleasure as the way to meet the key function of a person.

By saying that "unexamined life is not worthy living", Socrates was referring to freedom, a state of making choices about your surrounding, a state of choosing your destination, having the freedom to criticize issues, setting [...]

Divine command theory is based on the idea that God is the determinant of right and wrong behavior. It is wrong for believers to say that the commandments given by God are arbitrary because He [...]

That is they believe that religion is the bedrock of ethics and that religious persons are individuals with immense moral principles.

According to the Divine Command Theory, a character is ultimately based on the instructions or nature of God, and the course of behavior that God demands, or commands is morally right.

The philosopher's inquiry into the nature of human morality was closely tied to the examination of how one could live his or her life in the most fulfilling manner.

In this case, the happiness of the customers and that of John count the same. On the other hand, the stockholders who own the company are in pursuit of profits and anything that acts contrary [...]

It is possible for one to live in a state of tranquility or ataraxia when one limited oneself to the necessary and natural things of life.

A breakdown of why and how virtue ethics, utilitarianism, and personal moral philosophies apply to her unethicality, alongside a proposed solution to her actions, form the basis of this paper.

The main thesis of the theory of existentialism is that existence precedes essence and that one has to start from subjectivity.

Generally, it is a term that is used to describe the code of acceptable behaviors in a given context or society.

In most cases, people evaluated their moral conduct concerning rules; conduct is considered to be moral if it is by rules and wrong if it is against the rule.

Stuart Mill's utilitarianism and Emmanuel Kant's deontology, to answer the question is it acceptable to lie to my friend to spare her feelings if the lie would not cause great harm?

Another characteristic of this stage of moral speculation is that the speculators mostly view the dilemma through the lens of consequences it might result in and engage them in a direct or indirect manner.

Ethics is a moral code that governs the behavior or conduct of an activity."Ethics is thus said to be the science of conduct".

Responsibility and accountability are the facets of morals, the consequences of your actions should be borne by you alone and no one must suffer or gain favors in the name of a lie.

For example, if you are faced with a gang of hoodlums who want to kill you and the only option you have is killing one of them to escape, then the "ethics of emergencies" allow [...]

Therefore, the main idea of the greatest happiness principle is to make sure that more people are satisfied, however, the volume of the satisfaction is not discussed as well as the level of harm caused [...]

He claims that giving a certain amount to Bengal would result to suffering of individuals and their dependants, which will correspond to the suffering he relieved in Bengal.

In my opinion, that in the context of marriage and adultery, there is a connection between love and sex. According to Halwani, adultery is permissible in situations where the partner does not demonstrate fidelity, including [...]

Relating to the ethical theory of ethics of justice to nepotism, it should be mentioned that justice is considered to be fair on the basis of various human considerations.

Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics is one of the ethical writings that have spurred understanding of ethics of work place relations. A critical discussion in the Nicomachean Ethics provided by Aristotle is the argument and conversation over [...]

The moral and intellectual pleasures were considered to be "highest pleasures", and the experiences, that caused satisfaction of flesh were considered to be "lower pleasures". The pleasures of the majority, in that case, are considered [...]

In this regard, the Christian belief in the uniqueness and infinite value of the human person is compatible with the personhood standard theory.

She claims that care ethics should include the emotional context in moral guidelines, not only traditional pure reasons of Kantian Imperative and Utilitarianism. Next, public and private spheres and moral behaviors that are appropriate are [...]

Utilitarianism is primarily based on the outcome, where the one with the most amount of good is considered to be the right choice.

According to the theory, moral ethics should enable members of society to attain happiness. Finally, moral ethics should also provide room for improvement to nurture the desired behaviors in society.

Utilitarianism emerged as a systematic theory at the end of the eighteenth century with the philosophical works of Jeremy Bentham, who created the "greatest happiness of the greatest number" formulation of the principle of utilitarianism.

This means that before engaging in an action against a human or a nonhuman, it is proper to consider the interests and include them in the calculus of rightness.

If to assume that moral relativism is true, then it is impossible to discuss good and bad outside the specific situation. Thus, their actions were morally wrong according to the assumptions of moral relativism.

According to Machiavelli, it is the duty of the prince to protect his realm and to further enhance his sovereignty. He asserts that a prince should not be generous when spending the State's wealth as [...]

Nietzsche praised the master moralities as the strong values that lead to onward development and evolutionary growth of mankind while he blamed the slave moralities for the weak and decadent nature of the society.

At this point, the utilitarian theory is also associated with the tools that can provide individuals and community with happiness through recognition of felicity as the foundation of all human actions.

The second way or of coming to the conclusion that an action is moral is through the emotive response that the action imparts on people in a society.

The weakness of this doctrine is that the happiness of the people is in the hands of the ruling class, which tends to default and exploit ordinary people.

Additionally, the philosopher distinguishes two moralities, each with its interpretation of the cognitive role of emotions: a civic morality of judicial process in the Nicomachean Ethics and a contemplative ethics of theoretical study in Politics.

In deontology, the outcomes and consequences may not justify the means to achieve a goal, while in consequentialism, the results determine the means, and significant benefit is expected for the greatest possible number of people.

The essence of Aristotle's doctrine of the mean is that virtue lies in between two extremes, none of which is virtuous on its own.

So, it is morally permissible to throw the switch because the death of one person is less of a loss than the death of five.

The reason is that, similar to human beings, other organisms are deserving respect and dignity, which is where the problem arises.

The challenge is that they are unable to account for the use of moral reason as a driver behind an emotive statement.

This due to the fact that only the aspect of ethics in the Buddhist philosophy can be significantly likened to the Confucian philosophy.

Another theory that Kant criticized is the view of Baumgarten wherein it states that God is the author and the legislator of all the natural obligations because HE was the one who made the world.

For an action to be considered virtuous, it must originate from an individual and be in the self-interest of whoever is claiming to be virtuous.

In philosophy, egoism is the theory that one is self is or should be; the motivation of one's action. This divergence can be explained further using the following features of the concept of ethical egoism: [...]

After that, it is argued that although Kant's philosophy is "better" in some respects, Mill's moral theory is preferable due to being practically applicable.

Others argue that for some reason, the gender of the child that was delivered is not the one the parents wanted so they get rid of the baby.

Self-deception is the nature of moral judgments because relying on a set of rules that is universal for everyone, regardless of how limiting, presupposes the control over the people's actions and the security of the [...]

In the current paper, the author will extrapolate on what Morris is saying and analyze the impacts of the arguments on the workplace.

This is one of the points that can be made. The main issue is that a person can combine two forms of behavior.

It is necessary to note that the author refers to extreme cases of altruism and to the roots of the concept.

This is because, given the fact that Utilitarian theory's foremost theoretical premise is being concerned with the notion of amaximization of benefits' 1, it will only be logical, on my part, to assume that the [...]

The philosopher argues that the accomplishment of the goal of solving the cases of stress must be based on an individual's pleasure and actions that promote happiness. For instance, Bentham argues that the chain of [...]

Therefore, act utilitarianism is better than virtue ethics since it is clear, concise, and focuses on the majority. Virtue ethics' strengths can be utilized to enhance the act-utilitarianism theory.

While ethical egoism focuses on self-interest and disregarding the interests of others, psychological egoism is centered around actions or behavior that can bring benefits.

This is considered as the way a particular feeling or notion is portrayed The recommendation of action to another person is not an ethical thing to be performed in that this has to totally embrace [...]

The ways of the modern world have deemed that virtue is to be rewarded and vice is to be punished. The standard of merit and how to apply it in a situation appears to be [...]

It is essentially described by the existence of pleasure and in living an aesthetic life to the maximum one has to aim at maximizing the given pleasures.

In personal ethical egoists, the belief is that one should pursue his or her own interest without telling other people what they are ought to do.

Both virtue and vice build one's character and therefore can contribute to the view of happiness. Therefore, character education leads to happiness that is equal to the amount of wisdom and virtue.

According to hedonists, the major aim of a human's life is being happy and the best way to become happy is to have lots of pleasures.

According to it, the individuals should act in such a way that the maxim of their action could be related to the universal law of morality.

To understand the connection established by Aristotle between a good life and a rational one, it is first necessary to discuss the concept of good used in the Nicomachean Ethics.

Some claim that since clones are created in a laboratory with the help of specific tools and with the number of certain genes, they cannot be regarded as humans. In conclusion, it is necessary to [...]

On balance, it is possible to note that Nietzsche and Sartre both see morality as certain doctrine aimed at helping people live in the society.

Adding determinism to free will, Ayer broke completely new grounds in philosophy by stating that there are three conditions that are required for making a choice fully based on the principle of free will in [...]

The major difference between good morality and bad morality according to Nietzsche is that good morality is connected to nobility and bad morals are linked to the common man and simplicity.

The ethical approaches of the Utilitarian and the Kantian perspectives both examine ethics. This concern is not on the Utilitarianism schedule, which implies that from Kantianism perspective, Utilitarian morality is an amazing mixture of ethical [...]

This statement is the subject of serious debate in philosophy and reflection on the nature of the goodness and inviolability of the human soul.

Mill saw the ideal approach in the philosophy of utilitarianism, where every action is right if it leads to the community's well-being. Mill emphasizes the importance of considering the utility issue in determining the meaning [...]

For instance, she finds it difficult to accept her grandfather's aging and frailty, so she clings to the walking stick he gave her as a child to preserve his memory.

Spinoza's theory of substance monism, which holds that God or Nature is the sole substance in the cosmos, is one of the most important concepts he develops in The Ethics.

What makes someone a person is the ability to breathe, feel, and think, and the display of such capacities is not universal but rather unique to every mortal.

Kant was able to identify the core of the moral struggle in the realm of individual awareness in the conflict between duty and inclinations, urges, desires, and urgent aspirations through the methodological distinction of the [...]

The moral value of an action must be determined by an imperative mandate that operates in the context of the universal value of the action for society and the fact that it is the norm.

Ultimately, the decision to lie or not to lie is a personal moral determination that should be made with careful consideration and integrity.

Tom Stall, the main character in David Cronenberg's A History of Violence, embarks on a transformative journey that poses issues with atonement and the likelihood of overcoming his troubled history.

Simply put, it means that it is essential for people to act and make decisions based on the regulations they would like the whole world to follow.

Raley claims that the origins of the Natural Law Theory can be found in the writings of Aristotle and his idea of teleology or the evaluation of purpose.

Therefore, the existence of morality is courtesy of the presence of religion. The urgency of religion on moral guidance and the correctness of actions is a dilemma.

Similarly, prostitution is related to the CI-2 since it uses a body as a means to an end, which can be considered by Kant as morally impermissible.

The benefit of justice, according to Aristotle, is an individualized virtue based on the character of justice. According to Machiavelli, he puts justice in front of a just man, and a just man comes before [...]

The philosophical discussion about the relationship between the right to life and bodily autonomy has become especially aggravated in the modern world.

A warning about the dangers of its use can be applied on the side of the package and only in the text.

The deontological approach is based on the principle of the goodwill of the actor and the inviolability of the patient's rights.

He is convinced of the existence of a moral obligation to follow the law, rooted in the rational nature of the regulations of the City, which are founded on the rules of nature itself.

The implausibility of the opinion of non-Christian students about the relativity of ethical beliefs is confirmed by its subjectivity, the correctness of each ethical belief, and the impossibility of their criticism.

Followers of utilitarianism thus claim that an action is morally right when it increases the happiness of the involved parties and minimizes the harm.

It is because of the opportunity to master the concepts of good and evil and use them morally a person differs from a thing.

Notably, independence of TIB is guaranteed because it is comprised of three-people who are appointed in consultation of the National Ombudsman, the Vice-President of the Council of State and the President of the Supreme Court.

People's moral beliefs of what is good and what is bad is a construction of the knowledge that was obtained from other people of the same society as children learning from the parents.

This approach is titled particularism, and, in the current essay, I attempt to justify this principle in the context of moral dilemmas and demonstrate how this perspective expands the ethical understanding of the subject.

To be more specific, this is because the main essence of Bentham's philosophical standpoint is that only those actions which bring happiness and pleasure to others are morally right.

The idea of humanity forms the second approach to the categorical imperative and it indicates that people should treat each other as ends and not as means to an end.

This presupposition forms the basis of Mill's principle of utility, which suggests that an action is acceptable if and only if the outcomes of that particular action are as fulfilling as those of any other [...]

I believe that if anyone had gone through all the pain and horror that Simon had, and was asked to forgive Karl, the instinct, and most humane reaction at that moment would be to strongly [...]

In this paper, emotions and moral judgment are defined; assumptions in regards to the influence of emotions on moral judgments are presented along with models and research findings that support these assumptions.

Since deontological theory assesses the importance of an individual's goodwill in the performance of activities that are right, it was correct for the coach to hire Gareth Bale because owners, management, and fans of the [...]

The other option would be not to hit the criminal with the machete. On the other hand, if the woman employs Kant's theory, it would be immoral to kill the rapist by attacking him with [...]

The evolution of morality is closely connected to the issues of human evolution and human moral development7 that are discussed by Darwin and his followers.

This group of philosophers feels that whatever state one is in or goes through he needs to be calm and not complain or boast about the situation.

Given the intense rivalry between the two brothers on who to donate the kidney to the ailing dad, and the chilling revelation of their mother on the paternity of the younger brother, it is convenient [...]