Philosophical Theories Essay Examples and Topics. Page 2

An example, of a group of people who have not mastered the concept of Li, may be judges who make their decisions based on their understanding of the law and not the prevailing special circumstances [...]

It is the epitome of thinking and as it was described by the London times, "the great virtue of philosophy is that it teaches not what to think, but how to think".

Locke believes that the world is physical and thus in his account of solving the mind body problem, he says that the mind and body are just one and the same thing and continues to [...]

Geertz's and Weber's argument is that religion influences the actions of various group members because it is larger as compared to the actions of any individual in a group.

The perceptions that influence the validity of the direct realism theory have a great impact on understanding the reality. Through the information that is relayed from the material object to the mind through sensory nerves, [...]

The concept of equality is significant in the discussion of liberty, property, and the role of government in the lives of people.

The reason of why Kant's ideas are preferable to me is that the categorical imperative allows to define what actions are obligatory and which ones should be forbidden and to choose the way that is [...]

A material cause answers the question: "What does a thing consist of?" It is why a material will determine the properties of a thing and the ways of its application.

Personally, I like the literal reading of this question, according to which there was an egg first, and only then a chicken.

In conclusion, the allegory of the cave by Plato is a parable about knowledge, wisdom, and ignorance. The cave represents a world in which a person is placed initially, but by examining one's life and [...]

This essay seeks to explain skepticism, exemplify its propositions regarding the unreliability of normal sources of knowledge, and address the theory's implications and possible responses to its proponents.

The theory of recollection was an answer to Meno's paradox that states that man needs not learn anything new as what they know is enough, and what they do not know are not necessary.

Metaphysics tried to explain the origin of things on something that is beyond our scope of reasoning when measured against our capacity to understand things with respect to our senses.

The most difficult thing is getting to know the truth, to know the truth it takes a lot and there is no prescribed procedure getting to know the same.

To begin with, Plato believed that acquisition of knowledge was the way to being virtuous in life but he tended to differ with philosophers like Aristotle stating that education to be acquired from the natural [...]

In this theory, Aristotle refers to a good life as being a happy life. Aristotle says that good life, since it is a final end, is explained in terms of human functions.

It is important to mention that the ideologies used to support the argument that goodwill is the only purely good item in philosophy, also support the fact that reason and intent are not enough to [...]

The problem of Gettier is that such factors as the existence of a particular belief, as well as the truth of the proposition, do not reach universality and concreteness as it encounters counterexamples demonstrating the [...]

It is the same point, and the entity designated by these different words is one, but I do not think that the point of intersection of a and b will be equal to the point [...]

The advantage of this thinking is that it puts a person to the task to ensure that they have done all possible research before calling something as truth.

However, the real issue here is whether the resources that are produced in the society can be shared equally among the members of the society because of the nature and orientation of people in the [...]

Some of his main achievements include the creation of the primary axiomatic system, the invention of the contemporary logic of quantification, and the definition of identity. In concluding the identity puzzle, Frege asserts that the [...]

Regardless of the extent to which some people are opposed to the applications of moral principles, which should be consistent with the scriptures of God, they are used to produce the best results in communities.

Utilitarianism can be explained using the principle of 'the end justifies the means', meaning if the end of a processor action is good, then the means of arriving at that end are also good and [...]

There is another very interesting quote related to the definition of good music, namely, the Athenian stranger points out that the best music is the one that "pleases the man who is distinguished in virtue [...]

According to the extant literature, this is a response to the experience of the global water crisis. In this case, there is the tendency to exploit in the selling of water, and the positions are [...]

Besides, the treatise explores the orientations of the Daoist tradition and the concepts of sages, deities, hell and heaven, and Confucian discourse.

It is a follow up of Plato's 'The Apology' and provides a description of the conversations between Socrates, and his disciples, Crito and the jailer.

In Plato's Allegory of the Cave, there is much darkness in the cave and only very little light can be found in this place and it is so hard for a person who is in [...]

Nietzsche exposes the wanting state of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries' moral rationale, highlighting the most challenging, yet simple, prescription of embracing the all unaltered natural law on the order of human existence - as [...]

The test for universal acceptance involve: determining the agent's maxim; imagining that everyone in the same position as the real-world agent observed that maxim; deciding if there is any contradictions generated from the maxim; if [...]

There is a tendency of us trying to play wise that we can not be cheated and in the process disqualifying everything and negating the existence of everything else as well.

As they argue with Socrates on the issue of injustice, Thrasymachus says that justice "is nothing more than the advantage of the stronger". According to them, the cardinal aim of Thrasymachus is to prove that [...]

To downplay the importance of sense experience, Plato and Descartes show that sense experience can never be a cause of experience since the objects captured through it are vulnerable to change.

The question of whether there is a supreme being behind the existence the universe is a one that has confounded many people to date.

He says that the idea of the bed from which all beds are made generates from god, the carpenter who makes the bed 'naturalizes' what god had conceived, and the painter copies the idea of [...]

The first clause calls for distribution economic and social disparities in a way that, "they are to be of the greatest benefit to the least-advantaged members of society".

Euthyphro is in the verge of prosecuting his father because of the crime he committed. Another definition of piety by Euthyphro is that" The pious is what is dear to gods.

The concept of social constructivism gives people the power to create and encourages them to create a positive world that they will exist in peace.

He uses the formula of the law of nature and the end in itself, to support the categorical imperative principle as the only command that dictates the universality of actions.

The Confucian gentleman is the one who lives by the highest moral standards and aims to help others achieve the realization of this goal.

He further asserts that so long as the same sound being is the same self, the self has the same personal identity.

Various social scientists and religious scholars have given different interpretations for the emergence of the universe and the forms of life in it.

For harmony to prevail, human beings have to live in accordance to the two kinds of order; that is nature and convention.

Basing on this statement, therefore, empirialists have to carry out a rigorous test to determine the relationship between the decisions that individuals make, and the prior knowledge affecting the decisions making.

This is the study of value that surpasses the ability of a man to reason over the universe and its state on the whole.

The Socratic Method is also referred to as the Method of Elenchus or the Socratic Debate. It was after his friend from youth Chaerpon paid a visit to the Oracle of Delphi and deemed Socrates [...]

A Coherence Theory of justification is one that supports two central ideas that distinguish it from foundationalism: There are basic beliefs that serve as the basis for other beliefs, and

Also, his philosophy conveys the importance and the beauty of the life of faith in the midst of a discouraging world.

The quest for absolute knowledge is fruitless because not a single person is able to claim with certainty that the specific idea or knowledge is absolute. Knowledge is the result of examination of ideas to [...]

The discussion addresses the query of whether continental philosophy considers that sensible human agency has the potential to alter the setting of people's experience.

Another confine that can be used to explain the solutions in tragedy is that the solution must contain elements of pain and pleasure at the same time.

This is the reason why Clifford states that the ship owner should be condemned on the basis of making a judgment without sufficient evidence In his pragmatism, James sees the truth in terms of usefulness [...]

Although Darwin seems to refute the religious claim on the origin of man, it is apparent that both religion and science share a common hypothesis that man has a distinct origin. Darwin is also concerned [...]

The fact that there is a long tradition involving the slaughter of animals for food does not justify the killing of animals.

This paper discusses how both Daoism and Legalism differ from Confucianism on the issues of family, human nature, education, role of ruler, role of government, and role of individual.

However, the goal is to show that individuals do not have the right to do whatever they deem right even if it does not interfere with other people's peace of mind.

The Sumerians inspired the Hindus to write the Ramayana and Mahabharata poetic stories on the power of the gods and the ideals on how people should live.

According to the moral imperative, moral worth is the foundation of a person's ability to do right and is the foundation of the metaphysics of morals.

That being the case, "cultural relativism" is a concept that sees everything to be right or wrong depending on the idea of "cultural expression".

Hume disqualifies the existence of miracles, as the Christian religion is weaker and more insubstantial as compared to the evidence that comes with one's experience.

Thus, Frankl claimed, "there are two races of men in this world, but only these two the "race" of the decent man and the "race" of the indecent man".

The theory is the opposite of utilitarianism in the sense that it considers both the means and the end, as opposed to utilitarianism which focuses only on the end.

This paper contains a description of the proceedings of the trial, explanations of Socrates' unofficial accusations, the official charges against him by Meletus and his corresponding responses, and a discussion of the verdict of his [...]

The use of "of course" indicates that this is an absolute truth when in reality it is the writer's opinion. A monarch is obligated to facilitate the rest of the monarchy's knowledge process.

The ability to focus on the incurrence of events that may lead to negativity is alienated in utopia thus the community is not balanced in its gauging of the future.

Though called 'apology' by Plato, the speech is not actually an apology- Socrates was attempting use his wisdom to justify his teachings and beliefs, and not to apologize for his actions.[2] First, his concise and [...]

Rawls asserts that for equality to take place, the activities have to better lives of people who are worse off in terms of improvement of living standards and empowerment of disadvantaged members to levels which [...]

Although Leibniz tries to explain the essence of the ultimate reason for existence by the invocation of the presence of a metaphysical reason, he also continues to illustrate the mechanism that relates the metaphysical reason [...]

Hobbes' philosophy of morality is based on his knowledge of the social compact and human nature. Hobbes' morality, in contrast, is based on self-interest and the requirement for social order.

Popper's principle of demarcation represents his understanding of the specifics of science and is a topic for a broad discourse. To conclude, Karl Popper's demarcation principle is based on the purpose of scientific theories.

The principle of creating constancy of purpose in product and service improvement is the most important while putting everybody to work towards accomplishing transformation is the least important point.

In non-Christian philosophy of education, essentialism can be associated with the concept of "general education," while in Christian philosophy of education, essentialism can be associated with the concept of "Christian education," which aims to develop [...]

Partridge investigates the film's fundamental coherence with Plato's text and the numerous superficial connections between Plato's cave-dwellers and the humans trapped in The Matrix.

Acupuncture works by temporarily stimulating antagonistic nerve fibers, which close the gates of pain signals from being sent to the brain. In this situation, opioids close the gates of transmission of pain signals from the [...]

Thus, the proposal expects to identify that the beauty of poetry is an individualistic concept that depends on the judgment of taste.

Nativism states that starting points of development are those that cover all the basic knowledge needed to understand the world. Newcombe notes that it appeared in the 1990s and considers the postulates of nativism in [...]

The possible way to think about the relationships between consciousness and the physical world is by considering the understanding of the traditional relationship between nature and consciousness.

The Yin and Yang theory is a representation of the ancient Chinese understanding of the original cosmogenesis and a philosophical concept.

Accordingly, the horse is a kind of symbol of the victory of rationality and humanity over cruelty and belonging. Horse Blue is the personification of how people can make their belonging to the animal world [...]

Jean-Paul Sartre established the idea of existentialism in the nineteenth century, and it focused on the duties of the people's choices in the ecosphere that fell short of ethics.

This paper examines Rorty's argument that in accepting the material reality of the universe, we can also accept that the physical universe shapes our beliefs and interpretations, and that our understanding of the universe is [...]

His speech has a somber tone and tells the fabled story of the beginning of love. Aristophanes creates the notion that the earliest humans were androgynous a combination of both male and female using his [...]

I need to attend to my students; I can implement through action, and the mere thought of it calls for effort.

No consequence, according to Kant, can have intrinsic moral value; the only good that is good in and of itself is benevolence.

If happiness is "wholeness", then for a person to become happy, it is necessary to become "whole". Thus, all a person has to do to become whole is lower goods.

Firstly, Plato's theory of knowledge accepts the existence of beliefs and even connects them with knowledge, despite refusing to accept subjective knowledge as true knowledge.

Aristotle recognizes the value of the family as the foundation of society, but he does not sufficiently address the person's role and the inherent goodness of marriage and family.

He said that the fabric of the universe makes us susceptible to producing life, consciousness, and reason. The people who object to Nagel's arguments claim that the theorist makes a lot of assumptions.

Contrariwise, to comprehend the development of society, culture, and multiple products, one should acknowledge the formative role of religion as the precursor of any non-pragmatic intentions in the sphere of knowledge. The question of its [...]

The experiment that Renee and David were going to conduct is of great interest as the search for the soul has been the question that has occupied the minds of great thinkers since ancient times.

He explores the forms of cognition and considers the question of the sources of the formation of ideas and concepts. Locke believes that external experience and perception give ideas of such qualities that belong to [...]

Russell is right that the value of philosophy lies in its vagueness, and the importance lies in the questions, not the answers.

The summation of utility can be carried out at the level of an individual or at the level of groups of different sizes. God is the keystone in the building of the human mind, the [...]

More specifically, the preferences in the art are inherently related to the profound experiences of a person or society, as pieces of art become the medium for the expression of various feelings, including pain.

Personally, I find Locke's view on the nature of humans to be more persuasive, as it accounts for the existence of the inalienable rights of each person.

In the piece under review, Putnam seeks to investigate the nature of pain, specifically, to identify whether it is a brain state or not.

The impact of Legalism united the country, contributed to the power of the Qin dynasty, and supported the reign of the first emperor.

In the context of a social contract, this violation of rights can be explained by the voluntary renunciation of them by people in the name of their own security.

Thus, the "thinking and acting self" represents the freedom of the members of the community to take action with respect to the principles of voluntarism and the authority, serving as "the source of obligation".

Therefore, the "pessimistic" look at absurdity states that in the ratio of the Universe, human life is insufficient and absurd regardless of the scale or order of their actions.

If it is the reason, as Descartes and other rationalist philosophers would argue then how can one be sure that the idea of doubting and reasoning is not inspired by the Evil Demon either?

Aristotle guarantees that to find the human great, we should recognize the capacity of an individual. He set forth the thought that joy is a delight in magnificence and great.

In his philosophical dialogues, the thinker divides the divine, unchangeable world of forms and the world of material, physical objects that was constantly changing and existed only as a shadow of the ideas.

Over the decades, the intensification in the flow of information and automation of the communication domains provides an opportunity for anonymity.

Consequently, the subject matter, which is the suitability of Dilthey's modes of apprehension to revealing the common ideas of groups of citizens from the perspective of hermeneutics, can be understood by discussing others' views.

The theory of rational egoism developed by Ayn Rand seems an optimal approach to the resolution of personal and societal issues from the moral perspective despite the presence of contradicting opinions in this regard.

This condition is the cause of constant and inevitable conflict. Hobbes describes the natural condition from the perspectives of felicity and misery.

The main problem that makes the difference between nominalism and realism is the question of the existence of properties beyond objects.

Firstly, speaking about the principal contrasts between Stoicism and Confucianism, it should be mentioned that Confucius developed the teaching aimed at the improvement of the state structure, whereas the Stoics pay the main attention to [...]

Being takes place in being through the admission of presence, that is, the opening of the secret. Heidegger emphasizes that one should not confuse the concept of Dasein with the subject: Dasein objectively exists - [...]

The problem of determinism is that applying such a system to an individual would bring it to the point of absurdity.

Metaphysics studies the nature of reality, the structure of the world, the origin of man, God, truth, matter, mind, the connection between mind, body, and free will, and the correlation between events.

Then Moore identifies how the human/nature binary, inherent to the approach, has separated humanity from the web of life and become integral to the current public conversations about the environment. In conclusion, the essay re-contextualizes [...]

Starting with the assumptions that fear of this phenomenon is one of the most important stimuli in the life of people and ending with the suggestions that death is not bad for the deceased, thinkers [...]

As for the actual proof of its discernment, Hutcheson does not provide it in An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue.

What is right and what is wrong is not dependent on the object of interest or on the methods of justice, but in the eyes of the perceiver.

The short existence of these life forms does not seem to have any purpose in the Universe. Prior to time zero is also not explained by any of the theories and philosophies proposed.

As was mentioned by Harry Frankfurt, philosophy is created through anxiety born of an understanding of the limitation of knowledge.

This concept brings us to one of the central doctrines of the Meditations and the lasting legacies of Descartes's work, which is the real distinction between the mind and the body.