Philosophical Theories Essay Examples and Topics. Page 4

Biologically, the brain realizes that the situation taking place is negative or depressing, and the heart reacts to the external environment, as well as internal understanding that the situation is stressful.

Why? Frankfurt's arguments are very applicable to the case of the 'Amputees by Choice.' His first argument is that of persons and nonpersons.

Aquinas focuses on the intentions of an actor as a basis on which the determination of the level of the permissibility of an action that results in serious harm is made.

The other strength of deontology based on the thesis by Ross is the distinction of moral obligations of agents in any given action.

Instead, the best understanding of inductive reasoning, along with the various kinds of logic commonly referred to as inductive, enables the reader to assess the characters of the three stooges critically and develop the essay [...]

Consequentialism is a concept in normative ethics that opines that the goodness or badness of an action is determined by the impacts of the action and not the motive of the doer.

Zen can be used to solve the problem of Dualism in the daily life because it demonstrates the ways how to avoid and resolve the ordinary conflicts based on the duality of ideas and meanings.

Socrates' argument is largely based on the premise that a citizen accepts the laws adopted in the society and should not resist the decisions of the state represents the interest of the community.

That being the case, "cultural relativism" is a concept that sees everything to be right or wrong depending on the idea of "cultural expression".

The two philosophers studied emotions to determine some of the common causes of this mental state, and the events that take place in the mind before one becomes emotional.

Hume disqualifies the existence of miracles, as the Christian religion is weaker and more insubstantial as compared to the evidence that comes with one's experience.

In his arguments, he emphasizes that since God is described to have power over everything that exists; he would not sit by and watch as evil deeds happen in different places.

In the second case, he used the example of the three words and explained that they have the same cognitive value.

The validity of this suggestion can be illustrated, in regards to the referential sentences "the country that is being the most committed to promoting the cause of democracy in the world", on one hand, and [...]

The human mind is considered much more powerful than the minds of all other animals, yet this mind is what encourages us to do the worst things.

The third aspect of Kant's moral theory touches on reciprocation and it says that one should act in such a way that he/she is both the legislated and a legislator when it comes to end [...]

The notion that fat people are lazy is because many of them avoid doing activities that would require them to spend a lot of energy and movement. In many cases, the speed of fat people [...]

Kelly explains that superstition entails objects that are deemed to result in good luck, deeds that tend to inspire good luck or bad luck and actions that can lead to unpleasant fortune.

Spinoza believed that since everything in the universe is in existence due to the power of God, it is unlikely to find something that is lacking anything.

Freudian and Nietzsche view of religion, god and civilization The origin of religion and civilization, according to the philosophy of Nietzsche and Freud, seem to begin with their inquest to the existence of god.

The quote selected suggests that "...one of the biggest flaws in the common conception of the future is that the future is something that happens to us, not something we create".

As much as there are different definitions of the word philosophy, nobody can underestimate the importance that it has in our society. Ethics is a branch of philosophy that explains the nature of rights and [...]

Luther argues that a good state is where citizens recognize God as the supreme source of power who should be obeyed and respected.

Thus, Frankl claimed, "there are two races of men in this world, but only these two the "race" of the decent man and the "race" of the indecent man".

It is evident that the two main forms of beings that Sartre developed were the being-in-itself that relates to the existence of objects and the being-for-itself that relates to the existence of human beings.

Augustine also developed a theory that considerably contributed to the development of the art discipline. Written signs from Augustine's theory can be applied in certain aspects of visual art such as drawings, sculpture or paintings.

The reason for this is that, contrary to what many people think, the rules of morality are simultaneously 'given' and continuously formed, in regards to what happened to be the affiliated external circumstances.

Descartes admits that it is possible that the piece of wax is one of the images in the individual's mind. Of course, it is possible to think of a variety of examples to prove that [...]

The message the speaker was communicating to the audience struck me as familiar; I had a feeling that I had heard it from the same venue before.

Among the phenomena that science has not been able to give a satisfactory explanation is the question of the origin of life.

There is another very interesting quote related to the definition of good music, namely, the Athenian stranger points out that the best music is the one that "pleases the man who is distinguished in virtue [...]

According to the extant literature, this is a response to the experience of the global water crisis. In this case, there is the tendency to exploit in the selling of water, and the positions are [...]

The Athenian's contribution to the 'would be' laws of the new city is impressive to the Spartan and the Cretan and they therefore recommend him to be part of the team founding the new city [...]

The theory is the opposite of utilitarianism in the sense that it considers both the means and the end, as opposed to utilitarianism which focuses only on the end.

However, merely being able to relate to nature is not enough to become a truly Confucian ideal of a person; according to the postulates of the teacher, one has to reach the state of a [...]

4 The scholar provides interpretations of the major concepts of the texts, with a few references to the works' creation or creators.

Besides, the treatise explores the orientations of the Daoist tradition and the concepts of sages, deities, hell and heaven, and Confucian discourse.

The idea of neo-Confucianism is to promote healthy interactions between the culture of China and other cultures interplaying in the modern world.

The main idea of the essay is to define the Taoism relation to objectivity and subjectivity, to apply the philosophy to how individuals should live, to relate it to nature.

In a nutshell, The Sense of Antirationalsm is an exemplary work of literature that gives the study of comparative religious studies a new approach.

The readings that will be discussed in this paper illustrate the diversity of this movement and their importance for different cultures.

The likening of the historical suffering of the people of Salvador to the suffering of Christ was a critical step in fueling the search for equality and identity of the people of Salvador.

The shortcoming with this LR principle is due to the fact that the individual in the widget's case does not make the deduction that her perceptual faculties regarding the color of the widgets are unreliable [...]

According to Burrington, Socrates was to attend a court hearing in which Meletus accuses him of distracting the attention of young people from believing in the gods that the state religion recognizes.

Confucianism forms the most of the complex intellectual Chinese history and has greatly impacted the and shaped the culture of the entire Chinese communities and the surrounding nations neighboring the nation.

The concept ideas of the state of nature, law of nature, civil state and common good were discussed by Lock in his works.

The 'Allegory of the cave' and 'You, Screws' are two metaphors that different authors have used to show some similarity in the way people think and limit themselves to view the world and reality as [...]

The issue of space is more complex to determine than that of time. The issue of objective perception of time and space should be discouraged since it is likely to encourage diversity in perception and [...]

This paper contains a description of the proceedings of the trial, explanations of Socrates' unofficial accusations, the official charges against him by Meletus and his corresponding responses, and a discussion of the verdict of his [...]

The use of "of course" indicates that this is an absolute truth when in reality it is the writer's opinion. A monarch is obligated to facilitate the rest of the monarchy's knowledge process.

It is inconceivable that pastors preach the word of God with respect to the life of Jesus Christ. It is imperative to reduce the rate of death and crying mouths in the world.

There are myriad of practices, methods and ideals that encompass the concept of postmodernism, especially in regards to humanities. Some of the most common theoretical applications of postmodernism have been witnessed in humanities, post-structuralism and [...]

The heavenly love is the best form of love and involves honoring one's partner intelligence and wisdom. This aspect of the soul according to Plato is most dominant in the artisans, the workers and slaves.

The book, Plato: The Collected Dialogues presents a comical and philosophical analysis of the concept of falling in love. This discussion describes the root of the crisis and its remedy with observance to the dialogue [...]

In Kant's own words, "Autonomy of the will is the property that the will has of being a law to itself.[Morality] is the relation of actions to the autonomy of the will [...].

Locke believes that the world is physical and thus in his account of solving the mind body problem, he says that the mind and body are just one and the same thing and continues to [...]

Nor that there is, on the one hand, the field of things, of perfected technique, work, and the transformation of the real; on the other that of signs, communication, reciprocity, and the production of meaning; [...]

In pages 37-62, John Locke discusses the necessity of toleration in relation to different religious views accepted in the society and focuses on the idea to distinguish between the civil jurisdiction and religion.

From the above discussion, it is notable that Plato connects the idea of "justice" to the "Form of Good". Such kings will apply practical theories and ideas in order to address the needs of the [...]

The validity of this statement can be well illustrated in regards to the main conventions of the theory of a 'chemical morphogenesis' by Alan Turing, which points out to the fact that the bulks of [...]

My reply to the objection above is that the results may be determined by reason. The outcome is highly, if not, parallel to reason.

According to Friedman, 1970 he believed that when organization engage in social responsibility, a closer analysis will reveal that it aims to improve its image in the eye of the consumers, the government, the local [...]

The parable of the cave by Plato was an attempt to highlight the importance of education to the achievement of wisdom.

The ability to focus on the incurrence of events that may lead to negativity is alienated in utopia thus the community is not balanced in its gauging of the future.

This therefore means that it is wrong to state that it is the will of God for women to be ruled by men.

In particular, Diotima deliberates on the concept of love and refers to other related notions, such as wisdom, knowledge, truth, and divinity to define the place of love in the material world.

The parable of the Cave is Plato's elucidation of the transformation of the spirit toward enlightenment. Is it the fire, the struggle out of the cave, the sunlight or the shadows on the cave wall?

The cave conditions are, therefore, a correlation of mans education or lack of it Plato tells us that if the prisoners were unlocked and forced out of the cave, they would prefer to go back [...]

The word comes from the words, "deon" or "duty" therefore, the reasoning behind the word deontology is on the idea that as human beings, we have the duty to do certain things and avoid others.

People in the Cave do not interact with the worlds outside the Cave, reflected in water, the things themselves, including the stars and the moon in the night sky and the sun.

It will identify the philosophical implications that Plato, the character in the book, has on the problem of the planets and explain what the author, Tarnas, says about the problem of the planets.

The purpose of this paper is to show that determinism and moral responsibility co-exist and that human decisions or actions cannot contradict the pre-existing laws of nature.

The axial thinkers played a significant role in the determining of the nature of the philosophy of the post axial age.

Nietzsche exposes the wanting state of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries' moral rationale, highlighting the most challenging, yet simple, prescription of embracing the all unaltered natural law on the order of human existence - as [...]

He recognized that the freedom of people in modern society was limited when compared to their existence in the state of nature due to the presence of laws and property, though he observed that the [...]

Platonic philosophy, precisely the concept of world of forms, had dominated the medieval era that subjected the human body, as a shadow of a real body in the world of forms, to little or no [...]

This is the foundation upon which he believed the knowledge of good literature and the art of composition could be found.

Manent was able to show the link between the law of the land and the state. If one will utilize Manent's understanding of sovereignty and the law then it will be revealed that the Canadian [...]

The author of the quotation "the end justifies the means", the father of the political theory, the teacher, and the best example for so many current leaders, Niccol Machiavelli lived at the end of the [...]

The author of the third book, Jean Baudrillard, analyzes the practice of politics from the point of view of connection between the historical events and the society.

He had the view that individuals naturally possess knowledge and that what they need is a direction for them to come to terms with what they already knew. He seems to be of the opinion [...]

Behind the prisoners a fire is playing, so that they can see their own shadows and the shadows of one another thrown by the fire on the opposite wall of the cave in fact, shadows [...]

Marx and Rousseau were eager to improve the society they lived in and make people free; to achieve these purposes, it is necessary to prove that money does not have such power to provide all [...]

He says that laws of justice should not be used to suppress and oppress guilty individuals especially on the Socrates like him.

In philosophical terms, the concept of matter advances the fact that all things are made up of matter and all thoughts are created as a result of the interaction of matter.

Freedom is granted to a prisoner, and he is allowed to look at the things that cast the shadow shown to him.

As much as he is regarded as an atheist who celebrates in the death of god, he calls it the greatest manifestation in a hundred acts reserved for the next two centuries in Europe, that [...]

The relationship between hegemony and power is influenced by the activities of the ruling class and the intellectuals in the society.

The paper pays special attention to the main views and values of each author as to what constitutes legitimate governments, the power of such governments and the limitations of the power and authority of legitimate [...]

It foresees a society whereby gender neutrality will be tenable and that social responsibilities are not subject to the gender of an individual.

It is based on two principles: the first one says that one cannot be sure in his/her knowledge and there is not certain human knowledge; the second principle claims that all we know can only [...]

Because of his freedom the free man gets the privilege of comparing the two worlds and he is in a position to judge on what is real and what is not real. He insists that [...]

Of course, the state should be governed by a group of people who are close to all other groups. Apart from acquiring certain facts and skills, young people should be taught the principles of morality.

There is a tendency of us trying to play wise that we can not be cheated and in the process disqualifying everything and negating the existence of everything else as well.

Conclusively, though Hume argues that miracles violate the law of nature, it is necessary to note that law of nature does not rule out miracles as he suggests.

The use of puppeteers by Plato inside the cave and things outside indicate that empirical discoveries never penetrate the ideal realm of truth thus calling for the need to move outside the cave.[2] The third [...]

The perceptions that influence the validity of the direct realism theory have a great impact on understanding the reality. Through the information that is relayed from the material object to the mind through sensory nerves, [...]

Chaos theory explains the rationale of chaotic events in the world. Chaos theory explains the rationale of chaotic events in the world.

The movement of the prisoner from initial position of imprisonment to exploring the interior of the cave and then to studying reflections from water to stars and sky during the night followed by discovery of [...]

The description of the cave as well as that of the situation of the prisoners shows that they are mistaken on the idea of truth and reality.

According to Pizzitola: Law was enacted to safeguard members of society from aggression; to institute the rules that would ensured community was united; to develop the community upon conditions raised by community members; to make [...]

Regarding the Ship of Theseus, the ship changed a lot but it remained the same in terms of its properties. Equally, Y could be said to be the same as Z in terms of properties.

For a person to be seen as just, he or she ought to be a good person and the crucial question here is to know what good is.

Thus, how is knowledge of ignorance, in Descartes' meditation and Socrates' the allegory of cave, fruitful in understanding the existence and real meaning of life?

Rawls asserts that for equality to take place, the activities have to better lives of people who are worse off in terms of improvement of living standards and empowerment of disadvantaged members to levels which [...]

The prisoners are only able to see the shadow of the puppets on the wall of the cave-their only way of being acquainted to the outside world.

To downplay the importance of sense experience, Plato and Descartes show that sense experience can never be a cause of experience since the objects captured through it are vulnerable to change.

Moreover, King justified his pursuit of justice on the streets from the fact that the protests he organized were essentially peaceful and nonviolent; meaning that all he was trying to do was get his message [...]

This essay explains that the universe has a direction and goal only when we view it as the same entity in the past, now and in our future imagination.

In this essay, we are going to discuss and explain the deism of the period of Enlightenment and show the relations between ides of deism and Enlightenment philosophy through the analysis of teaching such great [...]

The question of whether there is a supreme being behind the existence the universe is a one that has confounded many people to date.

It is clear through the literature that has come to man, that philosophers started being increasingly concerned with the task of justifying the possibility, and therefore, the credibility of human knowledge of the entire world.

Kant's moral philosophy holds that the final result of an action has no value; the value of an action lies on the motivation behind it.

Justice, which is suitable for the constitution of the country, is also beneficial to the people. The Plato's theory of justice tries to balance what people and societies practice."Justice is the good of another".

Furthermore, due to the different laws and cultures in our world, it would be seemingly impossible to uphold such a rule According to Pojman, "the idea of rewarding the good and punishing the bad is [...]

He says that the idea of the bed from which all beds are made generates from god, the carpenter who makes the bed 'naturalizes' what god had conceived, and the painter copies the idea of [...]

They based their perception of what is good on what they received and deemed good while the masses were obliged to accept that as common and if common then as the norm of the values.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze critically the concept of the sublime as presented by Immanuel Kant in his work 'The Critique of Judgment'.

The highest type of reality is the one that is based on knowledge of forms as illustrated through the allegory of the cave.

Nietzsche, being one of the believers in the rule of the body over the body over the mind believed that ideas contained inhibited the body's actions.