Philosophical Theories Essay Examples and Topics. Page 2

487 samples

“Dismantling Truth” by Richard Rorty

The inherent problem I have with Rorty in this article is the fact that the concept of a socially defined truth clashes with the changing nature of society and the potential for people to agree [...]
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“The Racial Contract” by Charles Mills

Mills' book explores the political philosophy of the social contract."The Racial contract" was published at the end of the twentieth century, and it investigates the issue of racial relations in the world over 500 years.
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  • Words: 613

Kantian Perspective on Water Privatisation

According to the extant literature, this is a response to the experience of the global water crisis. In this case, there is the tendency to exploit in the selling of water, and the positions are [...]
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The Principle of Sufficient Reason

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Although Leibniz tries to explain the essence of the ultimate reason for existence by the invocation of the presence of a metaphysical reason, he also continues to illustrate the mechanism that relates the metaphysical reason [...]
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Discussion: Nativism vs. Neoconstructivism

Nativism states that starting points of development are those that cover all the basic knowledge needed to understand the world. Newcombe notes that it appeared in the 1990s and considers the postulates of nativism in [...]
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The Western Anthropocentric Worldview

The possible way to think about the relationships between consciousness and the physical world is by considering the understanding of the traditional relationship between nature and consciousness.
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  • Words: 1941

Skepticism as a Philosophical Theory

In response to the skeptics, it can be argued that although sources of knowledge may be fallible, they are still helpful and allow people to function in the world.
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Materialism: Rorty’s Response to the Antipodean Story

This paper examines Rorty's argument that in accepting the material reality of the universe, we can also accept that the physical universe shapes our beliefs and interpretations, and that our understanding of the universe is [...]
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2183

Aristophanes in Plato’s Symposium

His speech has a somber tone and tells the fabled story of the beginning of love. Aristophanes creates the notion that the earliest humans were androgynous a combination of both male and female using his [...]
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God’s Existence as a Topic in Philosophy

While the famous dilemma of the coexistence of God and evil represents a peculiar contradiction, it does not deny the existence of God; instead, it points to the inconsistency in the existing narrative and the [...]
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  • Words: 337

Aristotle’s Understanding of Happiness

If happiness is "wholeness", then for a person to become happy, it is necessary to become "whole". Thus, all a person has to do to become whole is lower goods.
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Materialism and the Theory of Consciousness

He said that the fabric of the universe makes us susceptible to producing life, consciousness, and reason. The people who object to Nagel's arguments claim that the theorist makes a lot of assumptions.
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A Defence of a Soul-Making Theodicy

Contrariwise, to comprehend the development of society, culture, and multiple products, one should acknowledge the formative role of religion as the precursor of any non-pragmatic intentions in the sphere of knowledge. The question of its [...]
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1690

Plato’s Theory of Musical Education

Hertzler bestows perfection on utopia, arguing that it is "purged of the shortcomings, the wastes, and the confusion". It is noteworthy that Sargent shares the opinion of Patrick and considers Hertzler not proper.
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Russel Value Philosophy Analysis

Russell is right that the value of philosophy lies in its vagueness, and the importance lies in the questions, not the answers.
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  • Words: 1186

Plato’s, Aristotle’s, and Augustine’s Ideas

Although the basis of the ideas of the four philosophers may be different regarding God, it is similar in terms of the creation of the world and, in my opinion, differs only in terminology and [...]
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  • Words: 297

Human Purposes: Philosophical Perspectives

The summation of utility can be carried out at the level of an individual or at the level of groups of different sizes. God is the keystone in the building of the human mind, the [...]
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  • Words: 947

How Does the Philosophy of Pain Affect Art Collecting

More specifically, the preferences in the art are inherently related to the profound experiences of a person or society, as pieces of art become the medium for the expression of various feelings, including pain.
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 1979

Locke’s View on Nature and Society

Personally, I find Locke's view on the nature of humans to be more persuasive, as it accounts for the existence of the inalienable rights of each person.
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Self-Examination for Societal Growth

However, some people, such as Socrates, faced discrimination due to these thoughts, eliciting the truth behind Plato's Allegory of the Cave and illustrated in The Apology.
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The Entitlement Theory of Robert Nozick

Real justice, according to Nozick, consists in the appropriation of holdings or their original acquisition, their fair and consensual transfer and the protection of the right to their property.
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  • Words: 306

Putnam and the Nature of Pain

In the piece under review, Putnam seeks to investigate the nature of pain, specifically, to identify whether it is a brain state or not.
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  • Words: 601

Rousseau’s View on Self-Love Notion

The natural form of self-love is deprived of comparisons to others and exists in the natural world as a mere characteristic of the need of an individual to strive and survive.
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Christine Korsgaard’s Critical Social Theory

Thus, the "thinking and acting self" represents the freedom of the members of the community to take action with respect to the principles of voluntarism and the authority, serving as "the source of obligation".
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  • Words: 1422

Aristotle’s View of Ethics and Happiness

Aristotle guarantees that to find the human great, we should recognize the capacity of an individual. He set forth the thought that joy is a delight in magnificence and great.
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Plato’s Theory of Forms and Personal Perception

In his philosophical dialogues, the thinker divides the divine, unchangeable world of forms and the world of material, physical objects that was constantly changing and existed only as a shadow of the ideas.
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Wilhelm Dilthey’s Hermeneutic Perspective

Consequently, the subject matter, which is the suitability of Dilthey's modes of apprehension to revealing the common ideas of groups of citizens from the perspective of hermeneutics, can be understood by discussing others' views.
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Ayn Rand’s Theory of Rational Egoism

The theory of rational egoism developed by Ayn Rand seems an optimal approach to the resolution of personal and societal issues from the moral perspective despite the presence of contradicting opinions in this regard.
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  • Words: 293

Philosophical Teachings of Stoicism and Confucianism

Firstly, speaking about the principal contrasts between Stoicism and Confucianism, it should be mentioned that Confucius developed the teaching aimed at the improvement of the state structure, whereas the Stoics pay the main attention to [...]
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The Originality of Heidegger’s Philosophy

Being takes place in being through the admission of presence, that is, the opening of the secret. Heidegger emphasizes that one should not confuse the concept of Dasein with the subject: Dasein objectively exists - [...]
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The Mindset and Ancient Greek Philosophy

Metaphysics studies the nature of reality, the structure of the world, the origin of man, God, truth, matter, mind, the connection between mind, body, and free will, and the correlation between events.
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On the Nature and Origins of Our Ecological Crisis

Then Moore identifies how the human/nature binary, inherent to the approach, has separated humanity from the web of life and become integral to the current public conversations about the environment. In conclusion, the essay re-contextualizes [...]
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  • Words: 586

Plato’s Justice and Injustice Theory

The reading focuses only on the subjective benefits of a particular action and, in most cases, unjust actions that are dishonest towards others, but at the same time, favorable to oneself are more likely to [...]
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  • Words: 276

Death Perspectives in Epicurus’ Theory

Starting with the assumptions that fear of this phenomenon is one of the most important stimuli in the life of people and ending with the suggestions that death is not bad for the deceased, thinkers [...]
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Immanuel Kant’s Vision of Philosophy

Kant believed in the concept of "beauty for its own sake" and insisted on distinguishing between pleasant, good, and beautiful as an object's possible characteristics.
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Theory of Reality: Metaphysics

What is right and what is wrong is not dependent on the object of interest or on the methods of justice, but in the eyes of the perceiver.
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The Nature of Philosophy: Anxiety

As was mentioned by Harry Frankfurt, philosophy is created through anxiety born of an understanding of the limitation of knowledge.
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Descartes and Psychoneuroimmunology

This concept brings us to one of the central doctrines of the Meditations and the lasting legacies of Descartes's work, which is the real distinction between the mind and the body.
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The Main Risks of Utilitarianism

In this theory of act utilitarianism, is well stated that, when one is faced with a decision to make, the first thing to consider is the outcome of the potential deeds and, from that decide [...]
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Western vs. Japanese Philosophy

The human nature of capitalism is encrusted in the philosophical thinking of the west. Therefore, western philosophy considers the existence of God and capitalism as the main influences on human nature.
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Philosophy of Aristotel and Buddha

This is in addition to the quality of, the virtues, the vices within the moral assessment and the process of attaining happiness in human life.
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Epicurean vs. Stoic Moral Theories

The perception of pain in the Epicurus' teachings is a paradox because in the everyday life, people can feel pain in instances of sickness and accidents, but not necessarily due to hunger.
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Philosophy of Love and Sex

In contrast to them, Richards elaborated a theory of phenomenal attraction that falls into the category of sexual concepts but differs from the notion of sexual arousal.
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  • Words: 830

Epistemology, Rationalism vs. Empiricism

Studying it, obtaining new and new facts, enlarging his knowledge, man started to think not only about the principles of the functioning of the surrounding world, but about the ways his percepts the information and [...]
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Analysis of Socrates and Plato Theories

One element of the Soul, the Nous, or reason, he maintained that has to try to order the irrational part of it by getting it to contribute in the Good.
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Plates Forms and Its Association to Plato’s Cave

The theory of forms of Plato portrays to us that abstract non-material forms have the highest kind of fundamental reality as compared to this material world that is known well to us by sensation.
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Nietzsche & Emerson vs. Rational Western Existentialism

According to Nietzche, simpler situations are always true and the problem is that people tend to complicate standards by engaging the emotive qualities of existentialism instead of focusing on the simple tenets of the truth.
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The Problem of the External World

This great thinker had conducted a research on the issue and stood on the idea of physical inexistence due to the fact that is clearly detailed in his Meditations, in which he sought to establish [...]
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  • Words: 987

Nature Versus Nurture Argument

I believe that the nature versus nurture argument is very complex and tries to define which of the two is more dominant in people.
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  • Words: 852

Nature and Convention Relation

For harmony to prevail, human beings have to live in accordance to the two kinds of order; that is nature and convention.
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  • Words: 1124

Immanuel Kant’s Theory of Knowledge

Basing on this statement, therefore, empirialists have to carry out a rigorous test to determine the relationship between the decisions that individuals make, and the prior knowledge affecting the decisions making.
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Subjectivism vs. Naturalism

The definition of naturalism is very useful as it is "the philosophical generalization of science," with its different forms determined by the method and content of the sciences.
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  • Words: 1950

Physicalism as a Philosophical Approach

There is nothing in my version of the psychometric hypothesis to indicate that the determinateness of reality would be impaired by the absence of things such as ourselves.
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Daniel Dennett’s Theory of Mental States

David Armstrong rejected the theory developed by Dennett for a number of reasons; he supported the position of materialists, stressing that mental states are parts of the physical body.
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Divine Command Theory Definition

Moving the discussion further, Socrates makes Euthyphro give another definition of piety, and Euthyphro states, probably at a loss, that pious are the things loved by gods, and impious are the things hated by gods.
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Kantian Moral Theory in a Nutshell

In order to explain his argument, it is also necessary to look at the notion of will the philosophers presents: the will refers to human ability to act according to certain principles or laws, and [...]
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  • Words: 823

Justice and the Concept of Global Citizenship

Global citizenship is the moral and principled behaviors that explain the characters and values of human beings in a local or global context in a bid to understand them better.
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David Hume’s Empirical Kind of Philosophy

Metaphysics tried to explain the origin of things on something that is beyond our scope of reasoning when measured against our capacity to understand things with respect to our senses.
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  • Words: 898

Thoughts & Feelings and Their Size, Shape or Color

For instance, Descartes in the principles of philosophy says of color: "when we think we perceive colors in objects although we might not know what this might be, that we call by the name of [...]
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  • Words: 1181

Pluralism Ideology and Its Conceptual Inconsistency

The realities of living in contemporary Western countries, ruled by neo-Liberal promoters of Globalization, leave no doubt as to the fact that the very concept of "pluralism" is nothing but sophistically sounding, yet utterly meaningless [...]
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Answers to Questions From Plato’s Republic

The framers had in mind the preservation of the public good, and not the promotion of private interest. The notation that the motivation to maintain a position of power can be destructive was addressed by [...]
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Descartes’ Method of Doubting Everything

In his method of doubt, he says that the world could be unreal and that God is a deceiver. His mind-body dualism depends on believing that God is not a deceiver.
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The Theories of Human Nature

The following examples from the work by Stevenson and Haberman demonstrate the unacceptable and acceptable instances of paraphrasing and explain the reasons for their acceptability: "We have here two systems of belief that are total [...]
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Phenomenology as a Radical Practice of Philosophy

Phenomenology is a radical practice of the philosophy that emphasis more the attempt to describe phenomenon the way it is presented on the consciousness of the person experiencing it rather than on past knowledge or [...]
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  • Words: 1670

Greek Gods Versus Sophists Inpericlean Athens

The Sophists deferred from the Prestocratics due to the contradictory statements offered by the prestocratics regarding the nature of the universe; the sophists were not concerned with the theoretical science practiced by the Prestocratics but [...]
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  • Words: 1913

The Philosophical Vision on Education

The author effectively states the futility of the numerous discussions and controversies of the educational content as the manner simply involves what the student should learn rather than what should be taken out of the [...]
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  • Words: 580

Morality: Philosophical Questions

It will be recalled that a person is free to perform an action if and only if that person performs the action if he chooses to perform it, does not perform the action if he [...]
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  • Words: 971

What is Philosophy: Discussion

To define philosophy is rather difficult, as like Popkin and Stroll claim, "philosophy is generally regarded as per haps the most abstruse and abstract of all subjects, far removed from the affairs of or dinary [...]
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  • Words: 765

Morality of a Defense Attorney

Because of the responsibilities that lawyers have once they have committed themselves to their clients, there are times that their morality is put to test."A lawyer has to be with a client loyal, knowledgeable, skillful, [...]
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  • Words: 1174

Classical Western Philosophy: Freud & Kierkegaard

To Sartre, the "I" which is the person is always brought into the world or rather the universe without any prearranged qualities which is to human nature. It is in the moment of death when [...]
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Tao-Te-Ching – Relevance in the Modern World

Dating back to a time that is almost difficult to imagine, the Tao-te-ching brings into the spotlight, the need for a seamless coexistence between spiritual progress on the one hand and the development of technological [...]
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Basic Theories in Socrates Philosophy

The concept of truth arises from the complexities of the relationship between an individual and others; consequently, the notion of truth, in the work of Plato, will be discussed from the perspectives of responsibility and [...]
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  • Words: 2565

Scholars on Philosophy and Evolution

If these changes in the characteristics are passed down to the following generations for the perpetuation of a particular species, then evolution takes place.
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  • Words: 1774