B-cell and T-cell epitopes should be identified in the immune system as a considerable factor in vaccine design and a possibility to replace a whole pathogen.
The common laboratory techniques employed in the identification of bacteria are the morphology of colonies and cells, biochemical reactions, physiological mechanisms, and genetic characteristics.
RTIs are prevalent among the elderly due to the existence of chronic conditions and deterioration of health. Acute sinusitis and bronchitis are some of the most common cases of RTIs that contribute to the abuse [...]
The main gap in the chosen type of investigation is the inability to identify all reactions and potential threats due to the lack of well-developed projects.
DNA was obtained from blood, muscle tissue and feathers of the bird. The last step was to visualize the DNA extract through gel electrophoresis and making conclusions of the bird's sex.
A comprehensive description of the family peculiarities started with the analysis of general characteristics of lizards and the features they obtained throughout the evolution.
The mode of action of disinfectants involves interfering with the metabolism of bacteria and the integrity of the bacterial cell walls.
The researchers in the article carried out an analysis entailing a total sum of 9300 salmon fish species. The latter was followed by mixed stock samples in the lower region of Fraser River and test [...]
Prior to Ohsumi's research, the 1960s saw the discovery of the cell's capacity to transfer its contents in the enclosed membranes to the lysosome, where the contents are recycled.
This paper describes the components of a cellular fluid and regulatory mechanisms for achieving electrolyte balance in the ICF and ECF. The ICF comprises the fluid within the cells, and it is the primary constituent [...]
This category also includes the transmission from a woman to a fetus in her uterus and the transmission from one part of the body of an individual to another part.
The occurrence of natural selection is hinged on the hypothesis that offspring inherit their characteristics from their parents in the form of genes and that members of any particular population must have some inconsiderable disparity [...]
A UV-C is a lamp installed in the HVAC system to radiate shortwave UV-C energy, which is supposed to help get rid of airborne mold spores.
Studies involving the manipulation of the unc-22 gene including the introduction of mutations and silencing various alleles of the gene have helped elucidate the structure and function of the gene, which is beneficial to the [...]
The use of information has elicited debate in relation to the description of the association between genes and other structures. It is defined by the nature of information in the genes, the program used in [...]
It allows them to be what they are and to survive in the wild world. When it comes to people, the smell is an indispensable and an important part of their life.
The region also boasts with the endangered freshwater turtle species, which are under a threat of extinction due to over-harvesting and destroyed habitat.
The brain is one of the most fascinating organs of the human body. In conclusion, the beliefs about ten percent of our brain left and right-brained people or other similar statements are pure myths that [...]
The conclusion is therefore valid and is drawn from a scientific point of view, especially the role of the shell to the spider's survival in its habitat.
For the resources of the world to be maintained, biodiversity has to be present. It is upon ourselves to determine the kind of a world we want to live in.
Peyote is believed to cause some people to hallucinate and in deed the Native American church used it while meditating. In conclusion, the use of peyote is illegal in U.S.because this plant has similar effects [...]
The study achieved this goal through the use of Single Particle Tracking that entails observing the diffusion of a particle in the cell.
In fact, the proponents of cloning assert that it would provide the parents with the opportunity of determining the attributes as well as the genetic features of the offspring.
The division of bacterial cells is focused on the study of the force that makes the cell separate into two, paying specific attention to FtsZ and the division ring Z-ring.
However, it is important for couples that decide to use these assisted reproductive methods to understand the risks, benefits, complications and challenges of the procedures and to decide whether the risks are worth taking so [...]
The paper will look into the history of the discoveries and their effects in the development of the human well beings as well as the enhancement of the human understanding of the surrounding nature in [...]
Evidently, the species curve shows that the species of plants in the Geelong botanic garden increases with the increase in the area of the quadrat.
Given the fact that prey and predator pairings threatens the survival of the prey there are other external factors that contribute to the elimination of the prey species.
The main reason exotic species normally pose a greater threat to native species in the island is because island species might have evolved in the absence of strong predators and competitors.
It is believed that the different geological evolutions of the earth and the atmosphere have come up with very new species of animals following a transformation of the then existing animals, as well as extinction [...]
The plant further branches in a pattern that extends to the ground held by a bark that is smooth dark and scary. As a conifer, the tree is evergreen and typically grows to about 15 [...]
This situation of cell line cross contamination could be attributed to constant necessity in the protocol for cell culture viability and identification.
The basic difference between domesticated plants and animals from their counterpart wild species is that they are produced by human activities to attain particular characteristics and are adjusted to the conditions of constant care from [...]
Policies of governments across the globe vary on the legality of the prohibited and allowed research and use of stem cell embryos.
The authors found that the absence of the translation elements and presence of the t-RNA trigger a shift of the end in relation to the entire structure supported by the 30S micro unit which are [...]
Accordingly, a biosurveillance approach that makes use of microbial profiling is likely to reduce the cost of epidemic control, treatment and aversion in the near future.
The detailed analysis of these ways of learning elucidates the differences in learning patterns among students based on the side of the brain that is dominant. It is clear that the left hemisphere of the [...]
Thus, Hagen also pays attention to the peculiarities of the discussion of Kettlewell's experiments presented in the literature of evolutionary biology and in the field of science education.
The subsequent taxon has been efficient and has greatly changed the development of life by producing endosymbionts important for the appearance of eukaryotes and the evident genome transit into them indicate a common evolutionary basis [...]
One of the major purposes of this research is to find out the differences and similarities of Kv 1. 2 and Paddle Chimera Kv Channels in Planar Lipid Bilayers is the article about the relations [...]
The author of the article presents the results of the scientific research which indicates to the vital necessity of adults' care for children in the early ages. The role of adults care in the brain [...]
Its crown characteristics are dependent on the amount of shading it is exposed to. In the past, it has been used to make utensils.
The organisms are introduced on the site of contamination to degrade the contaminants. The contaminants reduce the fertility of the soil.
A lot of soil moisture and compaction reduces the level of oxygen supply to the soils and this leads to decreased ability of plant roots in the absorption of soil phosphorus.
Use of DDT and other pesticides may cause harm to the ecosystem if not well used and thus it is advisable to approach this issue with more precaution.
A report released by the University of Cincinnati indicates that when female spiders are experiencing starvation for a short-period of time, they are less receptive to the act of mating.
Nonetheless, the scientists opposed reproductive cloning claiming that the practice undermines the uniqueness of humankind and that it is unethical to put the lives of clones in a condition of being susceptible to harm or [...]
Bone mineral density was reduced before SCT in 49% of the patients. Pathologic bone mineral density values before SCT were mainly seen in patients with acute leukemia, 55% of the patients with acute leukemia had [...]
The nervous system is comprised of specialized type of cells called Neural Stem Cells. Developmental versatility of plasticity of neural stem cells is important in formation of these different neural cells.
Unlike in the past, people have seen the importance of studying life sciences, and with the support from private and public sectors, the number of students enrolling in life science courses is on the rise. [...]
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention cite that of the 25% to 30% of people colonized by staphylococcus bacteria, only 2% has MRSA. Chang attributes colonization to the existing equilibrium between the presence of [...]
The authors suggest that it needs more accurate measurement of sleep and wake pattern by the use of the electrooculogram, the recording of the movement of the eye, EEG and electromyogram, the recording of the [...]
Dose response The impacts of the mosquito hazard have called for a measure to use a pesticide to control the breeding and the ultimate population of the mosquitoes in the city.
At the same time, the knowledge and a more informed understanding of the whole concept of biodiversity gives us the power to intervene in the event that we are faced by the loss of biodiversity, [...]
The vaquita looks like a curved stocky porpoise, and it is the smallest of all the porpoises in the world. This is a matter of concern and ought to be investigated if the survival of [...]
The hypothalamus is the brain part that is responsible for controlling the hormonal function in the body. First, it counteracts the effects of neuropeptide Y which is a potent feeding stimulant secreted by cells both [...]
Ronca showed the impacts of 12 weeks of glucosamine supplements on people with knee pain, indicating the same progress in clinical and functional trials in the cure of placebo subjects. The study of the effects [...]