Chemistry Essay Examples and Topics

411 samples
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Rate Law for Iodine-Acetone Reaction

This experiment aimed at establishing the concentration of iodine with time by quantifying the absorbance of the reacting solution at a wavelength of 410 nanometers and finally determining the initial velocity of the reaction.
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 697

Hydrated Copper (II) Sulphate Experiment

The objective of this experiment is to determine the amounts of the component parts of hydrated copper Sulfate. The third procedure is the scrutiny of sulfate ion in a sample of copper sulfate.
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1066

Solubility of Potassium Nitrate

According to Kotz and Treichel, the solubility of various substances increases with increases in the temperatures of their surroundings, although this is not always the case.
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1140
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Methyl Salicylate Preparation Using Esterification

The chemical process in this experiment entails reacting salicylic acid and methanol in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid, which catalyzes the reaction, and under reflux conditions to form methyl salicylate and water.
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 2059

The Rate and Order of a Chemical Reaction

The method of initial rates was employed in the determination of the order and rate law for the reaction. The rate of the reaction and the rate law expression for the reaction were then established [...]
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 923
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Functional Group Identification

This makes organic chemistry to have a very important role of describing the reaction of the carbon compounds. The aim of the experiment was to identify the functional group of the two unknown organic compounds.
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1390

Bomb Calorimetry: Theory and Experiment

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Bomb Calorimetry is one of the methods to calculate the standard heat of the reaction of various chemical processes. One of the ways of its application is the determination of the standard heat of organic [...]
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 1595

Thin Layer Chromatography

The TLC sheet was placed in a universal bottle containing solvent A with the line of origin nearest to the bottom but above the solvent. The positions of the solvent and each pigment molecule were [...]
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 1218

Pinacol Rearrangement Laboratory Experiment

The first objective of the experiment is to elucidate the formation of a ketone from alcohol through the process of pinacol rearrangement in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid, heat, and boiling chips.
  • Pages: 11
  • Words: 3066
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Production of Acetone from isopropyl alcohol

3
Following the procedure in the production of acetone, the several materials emerge during and after the production. The production of acetone In the feed drum: A feed is a tank like object used in the [...]
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2271

Chemistry: Expansion Processes of a Perfect Gas

The purpose of the experiment was to examine the expansion of a perfect gas by determining the specific heat ratio through an adiabatic process and the ratio of volume using an isothermal process.
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 712
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Pinacol Rearrangement Experiment

The pinacol rearrangement constitutes the dehydration of pinacol and the stabilization of carbocation by the shift of methyl. The mechanism of the pinacol rearrangement commences with the protonation of one of the two OH groups.
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1230

KHT Molar Solubility Experiment

Thus, the calculated molarity of NaOH is used to compute the molar solubility of KHT, which is the quantity of KHT moles that are liquefied in every liter before saturation level.
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1322

Buffer Solution and Determination Changes in pH

It contains either a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. The equation links the measured pH of a solution, hydrogen ions concentration, and the dissociation constant of [...]
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 983
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Food Dye and Bleach Reaction Experiment

The rate law demonstrates how the rate correlates with the concentrations of the components of the reaction. It is possible to note that "the power of the concentration in the rate law expression is called [...]
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1353

Nanofabrication. Bottom-Up vs. Top-Down Method

Some of the chemical processes used in the bottom-up approach include sol-gel process, the reaction of molecules in a flask, reverse microemulsion and flame synthesis, which have been used to make silica nanoparticles, nanozeolite, nanocatalysts [...]
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 606

Fractional Distillation Lab Report

The first ten droplets were collected in the first test tube at 80. As the temperature stabilized in the third test tube, 10 additional droplets were collected.
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 756
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Primary Salt Effect in Kinetic of Ionic Reactions

The central purpose of this experiment is to study the primary salt effect in the oxidation reaction of iodide ions to iodine during sodium thiosulfate titration with appearance of salt KNO3 All steps of the [...]
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 1114
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Lubricating Oil Extraction Methods

This paper is therefore an in-depth analysis of the extraction of lubricating oils by looking at the methods of extraction, description of processes, purpose of extraction and new developments in lubricating oil extraction with emphasis [...]
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2147

Methamphetamine (Meth)

In conclusion, meth is one of the most addictive drugs, with serious physiological and psychological complications hence, the need for individuals to watch their consumption habits.
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 894

Effect of pH on Protein Solubility

The volume of the mixture was made to 200 mL in a measuring cylinder. The concentration of the protein in the supernatant was determined using a biuret reagent.
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 660

The Pinacol Rearrangement Organic Reaction

The first objective of the experiment was to demonstrate how pinacol undergoes rearrangement to form pinacolone under the catalysis of heat, acid, and boiling chips.
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1660

The Effect of Acid on Enzyme Activity

The addition of hydrochloric acid to the liver in beaker B lowered the pH for catalase. In beaker A, distilled water provided a neutral pH that was essential for the activity of catalase.
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 621
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Interrelationship of Metabolic Pathways

These pathways are responsible for the breakdown of essential nutrients into Adenosine Triphosphate and other molecules necessary for the release of energy into the body.
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1417

The Solventless Reaction: The Aldol Reaction Condensation

To explore the base-catalyzed aldol condensation between 3, 4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, and 1-indanone under solvent-free conditions; To purify the product through recrystallization; To evaluate the melting point of the product.
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 582
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Analysis of Lab: Heat of Fusion of Water

In this experiment, information was collected regarding the mass of the calorimeter and bowl, the mass of the empty calorimeter, the water, and the contents: all raw data are shown in Table 1.
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 798

Diffusion and Osmosis Experiments

The osmolarity of various solutions was also evaluated by noting the changes in weight of potato cylinders in the solutions. The movement of carmine particles in the water was random.
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1745

Formula of a Complex With the Slope-Ratio Method

In analytical chemistry, there are several techniques for determining the formula of a complex compound, but in this laboratory work, the emphasis was on the applicability of Beer's law, recognizing the fact that when a [...]
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 988
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UV & VIS Spectroscopy Experiment

The first was to determine the unknown concentrations of samples A and B using linear dilution while the other employed the serial decimal dilution method.
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 891

Amperometry: Chemical Analysis

First of all, it should be recalled that the use of electrochemical methods in quantitative analysis is based on the use of dependencies of measured parameters of electrochemical processes on the content or concentration of [...]
  • Pages: 11
  • Words: 3681

Materials Used for Ethanol Production

The use of corn in the production of ethanol has a number of drawbacks. This is attributed to the fact that the production of high amount of ethanol requires corn in large quantities.
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2849

Chemical and Physical Properties of Ethane

The gas is used in the manufacture of ethane. The industry uses ethane to manufacture ethylene, which is a crucial resource in the manufacture of plastics and other chemical products.
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 550

Diffusion in Polymer Solutions

Diffusion is the process of movement of atoms from higher concentration region to lower concentration region. The activation energy of vacancy diffusion is high compared to interstitial diffusion.
  • Pages: 20
  • Words: 5561
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Sodium Chloride – Science of Salt

Sodium chloride is a very important compound and it has thousands of uses in real life, few of them are as follows: NaCl is a raw product that is commonly used in the production of [...]
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 852

Characteristics of Radioactive Emission

The goal of this experiment was to illustrate various parameters of radioactivity, including the plateau of a Geiger-Muller counter, finding the resolving time of a Geiger tube, verifying the inverse square law, measuring the penetrating [...]
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1479

Hair Care Products: Components and Effects

The heating facilitates the production of formaldehyde gas that bonds the hair with the conditioner. The entire process exposes customers to the risk of inhaling the formaldehyde gas that has negative effects on the body.
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1383
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Organic Chemistry – Contributions and in Life

Despite many challenges imposed on the balancing of equations of pertaining reactions, in school my interest was drawn into the study of organic chemistry, which entailed a study of organic carbon compounds.
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 586

P-Nitroacetanilide: Measurements and Calculations

Table 1 contains the data of direct measurements and indirect calculations for p-nitroacetanilide as a product of the EAS reaction of acetanilide. Then the theoretical mass of p-nitroacetanilide could be obtained by the following calculations: [...]
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 694
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The Effect of pH on Water Holding Capacity of Chicken

In the present laboratory work, the main issue is to investigate the potential relationship between WHC as a measure of moisture content and chicken pH; specifically, the question is to identify the effect of meat [...]
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 974

Identifying Metals in the Sunken Treasure

While focusing on the first chemical reaction known as analysis reaction it could also be termed chemical decomposition and it is also one of the most popular chemical reaction types.
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 545
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Pinacol Rearrangement: Chemical Lab Experiment

Undertake qualitative analysis of the product using IR and NMR techniques, which provide spectra of functional groups and chemical shifts respectively. Carry out qualitative analysis of the product using 2,4-DNP test, which can detect carbonyl [...]
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 1974

Chemical Raising Agent in Bread in Lab Experiment

Therefore, the gluten content of flour affects the physical properties of flour and the corresponding baked products. The leavening agent was baking powder, which consists of sodium bicarbonate and potassium bitartrate.
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1703

Long Residue Processing in Oil Refineries

However, it is important to note that the amount of products produced from the atmospheric distillation process is not always proportional to the demand of the products rather it depends on the amount of crude [...]
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1096
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Lubricants Oil Production in Refineries

Despite being various categories of the lube oil as mentioned earlier in the project, mineral lube oil from petroleum is the commonly preferred lubricating oil to the synthetic lube oil.Fig.showing lubricating oil The history of [...]
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2245

Alkanes and Alkenes: Structure and Reactions

The general structure of an alkane is CnH2n+2, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule. The general structure of an alkene is CnH2n, where n is the number of carbons in the [...]
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1697

Eggs: The Osmosis Process Investigation

The water was carefully drained after 40 minutes, and the egg's weight in the cup was calculated. Meanwhile, we found that corn syrup had a lower concentration of water molecules; therefore, through osmosis, water molecules [...]
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 421

Cooper and Silver: Physical and Chemical Properties

For the chemical and metallurgical industry, a thorough study of the properties of the materials used and the application of reference data for analysis and possible prediction of the results of a practical application is [...]
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 1976
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The Experiment on Substitution Reactions of Alcohols

The purpose of the experiment is to study substitution reactions of alcohols because they can react as nucleophiles or electrophiles, depending on prevailing conditions of the reaction. This experiment illustrates the reaction of 1-butanol with [...]
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2059

Silver Characteristics as a Chemical Element

In addition, silver is commonly formed in a wide variety of hydrothermal deposits and is associated with gold and the base metals such as copper, lead and zinc. Increase in silver concentration is an indicative [...]
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 882

Acid Effects on Starch in Industrial Applications

This variability is apparent in the morphology of starch granules regarding size and shape, the amount of amylose, the structure of amylopectin concerning the length of chains, and the position of branching.
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 2011

Nylons: Production, Characteristics and Applications

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The general background provides information on the various terms used to describe nylon, the history of nylon, a comparison between nylon and other natural materials, such as cotton and silk, and the standards set aside [...]
  • Pages: 16
  • Words: 4161
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Research of Amorphous Solids in World

The purpose of this report is to describe the history, structure, properties, and applications in real life of amorphous solids. The molecules of an amorphous solid have a short-range order of action.
  • Pages: 9
  • Words: 2570

Aqueous Solution Definition in Chemistry

However, regarding the title of the article, the examination of the gel formation is missing in the abstract, and several questions about the chosen research process emerge. The next section in the article is devoted [...]
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1760

Organic Compounds at Home and at the Workplace

One of the defining features of ketones and aldehydes is that these compounds are not soluble in water. In conclusion, functional groups of organic compounds can help define some of their features, such as dissolution, [...]
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 308

Alice Ball’s Contribution to Science

Therefore, Alice Ball was a chemist whose scientific life and contributions to science led to the use of isolated ethyl ester from Chaulmoogra oil in the treatment of Hansen's disease.
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 555
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Chemical Composition of Cells: A Lab Experiment

This laboratory experiment focuses on the chemical composition of cells, appropriate identification of which contributes to the understanding of distinctions between organic and inorganic chemicals.
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 284

Energy Intake and Expenditure Analysis

Determination of relationship between energy intake and energy expenditure is therefore important aspect towards determination of maximal energy expenditure, optimization of fat expenditure as secondary source of energy after carbohydrates and capacity to achieve energy [...]
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1366
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Indirect Definition of the Unit of a Penny Weight

The beaker containing all the available pennies and, also the beaker plus half the number of pennies were to be separately weighed and recorded initially before the commencement of the experiment.
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 688

Aqueous HCl Solution Preparation

To prepare 500 grams of a 5% aqueous HCl solution, the chemist must have some basic information about the solute and the solution.
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 668

The Manufacture of Polyethylene

5 The popularity of polyethylene is rooted in the fact that this polymer is cheap, flexible, durable, and chemically resistant6 It is important to take a closer look at the manufacturing process in order to [...]
  • Pages: 16
  • Words: 4148

Naphtha Reforming: Progress and Profits

In fact, some studies have explored the unknown elements of the catalytic process in naphtha reforming. It is also necessary to note that elements in the hydrocarbons and concentrations of other elements are responsible for [...]
  • Pages: 15
  • Words: 4185
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Mixtures and Compounds in Chemistry

The type of bonds and the combination depends on the position of each element in the periodic table. The elements in a compound are always in a fixed ratio and the arrangement is defined.
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1284

Lysine: Chemical Formula and Role in the Body

Lysine also plays a vital role in the immune system, as it helps the body fight off viruses and bacteria. It is also essential for hormone production, as it helps the body produce hormones such [...]
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 287

The Chemical Reaction of Methane and Oxygen Gases

The chemical compositions of the reacting elements or compounds dictate the nature of the reaction. The chemical reaction entails the combustion of methane gas in the presence of oxygen gas, which are the reactants.
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 318

The Miller-Urey Experiment and Findings

The researchers note that their experiment was designed to mimic the primitive earth's atmosphere and not the ideal conditions required for the development of amino acids. At the experiment's conclusion, the solution in the flask [...]
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 906
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The Discussion of a Radioactive Isotope

A radioactive isotope is one that has an unstable nucleus, meaning that it can break apart and release a lot of energy. Fission releases energy by splitting the nucleus of a heavy element into two [...]
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 359

The Heat of Dissolution and Neutralization Reaction

The colorimetric method of analysis is used to determine the heat released during a chemical or physical process: the heat released in such reactions is transferred to the water by the change in temperature, of [...]
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 1152

Gerhard Ertl’s Chemist Profile Analysis

The importance of this research to modern society lies in the fact that chemical reactions on the surface of catalysts play a decisive role in many industries.
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 553
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Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: Instrumental Facility

In fact, the LIBS device has a two-pulse characteristic: the first laser pulse ablates the detachment of matter from the substance and the accompanying heating, and the subsequent second pulse is aimed at additional excitation [...]
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 620

Spectrophotometers: Invention and Development

Jensen explains that spectrophotometers can be used to make measurements where previous methods were unable to, like measuring the amount of light absorbed by a substance at different wavelengths.
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 626
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