Ethical Philosophy Essay Examples and Topics

This argument has led to the development of the second premise in the theory, which states that in order for actions and decisions to qualify as right and moral, they must appeal to the happiness [...]

While a believer will pose that the two function as a couple, a non-believer, on the other hand will hold that morality is independent of religion.

At the center of the utilitarian argument that shifts from the concern we physically have for our personal feelings of pain and pleasure, to others feelings of pain and pleasure, is the belief that this [...]

When comparing the crimes that might be committed and the fact that the person will be late for work, it is clear that the lateness is not as important.

The main difference between Mill's and Bentham's conception of Utilitarianism is that Mill, though a consequentialist, makes a case for the qualitative aspects of happiness.

The challenge is that they are unable to account for the use of moral reason as a driver behind an emotive statement.

Since human beings have rationality that is generated from God, they possess natural law that enables them to perceive what is morally acceptable."Aquinas emphasizes that human acts should be based on reason which is intrinsically [...]

The key difference is that relativism relates the human experience to the influence of culture, while subjectivism states that right and wrong is a matter of personal opinion.

If to assume that moral relativism is true, then it is impossible to discuss good and bad outside the specific situation. Thus, their actions were morally wrong according to the assumptions of moral relativism.

According to utilitarianism, the greatest ethical action is the one that benefits society, and the value of each person is more significant than the value of a community.

By saying that "unexamined life is not worthy living", Socrates was referring to freedom, a state of making choices about your surrounding, a state of choosing your destination, having the freedom to criticize issues, setting [...]

In the words of Kant, utilitarianism cannot be used as a yardstick in the evaluation of human actions because it is not universal.

The doctrine of the golden mean is a request for a realistic moral axiom. The word "virtue" is used in some cases to denote a personal quality and, in others, as a generalized indicator of [...]

Relating to the ethical theory of ethics of justice to nepotism, it should be mentioned that justice is considered to be fair on the basis of various human considerations.

Both virtue and vice build one's character and therefore can contribute to the view of happiness. Therefore, character education leads to happiness that is equal to the amount of wisdom and virtue.

It is possible for one to live in a state of tranquility or ataraxia when one limited oneself to the necessary and natural things of life.

According to the theory, moral ethics should enable members of society to attain happiness. Finally, moral ethics should also provide room for improvement to nurture the desired behaviors in society.

Utilitarianism emerged as a systematic theory at the end of the eighteenth century with the philosophical works of Jeremy Bentham, who created the "greatest happiness of the greatest number" formulation of the principle of utilitarianism.

The reason is that, similar to human beings, other organisms are deserving respect and dignity, which is where the problem arises.

The aim of the paper is to reveal the nature of human conduct from the philosophical point of view. That is why, the nature of human conduct is a difficult aspect of a human being.

In the case of the question about reality, Plato offered insightful knowledge and a framework to understand the nature of reality.

Therefore, act utilitarianism is better than virtue ethics since it is clear, concise, and focuses on the majority. Virtue ethics' strengths can be utilized to enhance the act-utilitarianism theory.

The philosopher argues that the accomplishment of the goal of solving the cases of stress must be based on an individual's pleasure and actions that promote happiness. For instance, Bentham argues that the chain of [...]

Some claim that since clones are created in a laboratory with the help of specific tools and with the number of certain genes, they cannot be regarded as humans. In conclusion, it is necessary to [...]

Others argue that for some reason, the gender of the child that was delivered is not the one the parents wanted so they get rid of the baby.

According to Burrington, Socrates was to attend a court hearing in which Meletus accused him of distracting the attention of young people from believing in the gods that the state religion recognized.

Nietzsche praised the master moralities as the strong values that lead to onward development and evolutionary growth of mankind while he blamed the slave moralities for the weak and decadent nature of the society.

For an action to be considered virtuous, it must originate from an individual and be in the self-interest of whoever is claiming to be virtuous.

In my opinion, that in the context of marriage and adultery, there is a connection between love and sex. According to Halwani, adultery is permissible in situations where the partner does not demonstrate fidelity, including [...]

The moral and intellectual pleasures were considered to be "highest pleasures", and the experiences, that caused satisfaction of flesh were considered to be "lower pleasures". The pleasures of the majority, in that case, are considered [...]

Stuart Mill's utilitarianism and Emmanuel Kant's deontology, to answer the question is it acceptable to lie to my friend to spare her feelings if the lie would not cause great harm?

To be more particular about the two types above of ethics, virtue ethics can be defined as the type of ethics that "focuses on the character traits and nonobligatory ideas that facilitate the development of [...]

This group of philosophers feels that whatever state one is in or goes through he needs to be calm and not complain or boast about the situation.

The ways of the modern world have deemed that virtue is to be rewarded and vice is to be punished. The standard of merit and how to apply it in a situation appears to be [...]

Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals underlines that autonomy acts as the link between the analysis of morality and the moral will and free will.

According to Machiavelli, it is the duty of the prince to protect his realm and to further enhance his sovereignty. He asserts that a prince should not be generous when spending the State's wealth as [...]

The main concepts of the social contract theory, the utilitarian theory and the virtue theory can be used or explaining the main principles of the journalist professional code and providing a deeper insight into its [...]

At this point, the utilitarian theory is also associated with the tools that can provide individuals and community with happiness through recognition of felicity as the foundation of all human actions.

The philosopher's inquiry into the nature of human morality was closely tied to the examination of how one could live his or her life in the most fulfilling manner.

The idea of humanity forms the second approach to the categorical imperative and it indicates that people should treat each other as ends and not as means to an end.

It is very difficult to assess the beauty in general. The perception of beauty is the perception of our minds through our tastes.

Therefore, the main idea of the greatest happiness principle is to make sure that more people are satisfied, however, the volume of the satisfaction is not discussed as well as the level of harm caused [...]

The weakness of this doctrine is that the happiness of the people is in the hands of the ruling class, which tends to default and exploit ordinary people.

The first example of a moral controversy that he uses is the case of baby Theresa. From this example, Rachels is trying to illustrate the issue of alternatives in the moral decision.

Another time, when I was camping with my family, the fox crept up so close to the tent that my brother and I accidentally scared it away, and the fox ran down the garden and [...]

According to hedonists, the major aim of a human's life is being happy and the best way to become happy is to have lots of pleasures.

It is necessary to note that the author refers to extreme cases of altruism and to the roots of the concept.

Divine command theory is based on the idea that God is the determinant of right and wrong behavior. It is wrong for believers to say that the commandments given by God are arbitrary because He [...]

According to the Divine Command Theory, a character is ultimately based on the instructions or nature of God, and the course of behavior that God demands, or commands is morally right.

Additionally, the philosopher distinguishes two moralities, each with its interpretation of the cognitive role of emotions: a civic morality of judicial process in the Nicomachean Ethics and a contemplative ethics of theoretical study in Politics.

The deontological approach is based on the principle of the goodwill of the actor and the inviolability of the patient's rights.

She claims that care ethics should include the emotional context in moral guidelines, not only traditional pure reasons of Kantian Imperative and Utilitarianism. Next, public and private spheres and moral behaviors that are appropriate are [...]

I believe that if anyone had gone through all the pain and horror that Simon had, and was asked to forgive Karl, the instinct, and most humane reaction at that moment would be to strongly [...]

Since deontological theory assesses the importance of an individual's goodwill in the performance of activities that are right, it was correct for the coach to hire Gareth Bale because owners, management, and fans of the [...]

The other option would be not to hit the criminal with the machete. On the other hand, if the woman employs Kant's theory, it would be immoral to kill the rapist by attacking him with [...]

The third area that is given consideration in observing the ethics of care is the importance of background information in protecting and upholding the interests of the individuals in question.

It is on such a basis that this paper observes the various aspects of this very important principle in morality and its influence on the various systems and ecologies in the lives of humanity as [...]

The participants in the third study were asked to repeat the recalling process of the first study after which they had to choose between a pencil and an antiseptic wipe as gifts.

According to it, the individuals should act in such a way that the maxim of their action could be related to the universal law of morality.

Thus, Hursthouse's approach to discussing the ethically relevant aspects in the life of human beings with the focus on ethical naturalism is convincing because the philosopher assumes the difference in people who can be good [...]

Responsibility and accountability are the facets of morals, the consequences of your actions should be borne by you alone and no one must suffer or gain favors in the name of a lie.

For example, if you are faced with a gang of hoodlums who want to kill you and the only option you have is killing one of them to escape, then the "ethics of emergencies" allow [...]

Indeed, just as societies have different frameworks for assessing the ethical or moral implications of their actions, it is equally important to acknowledge that these ethical and moral actions are also subject to time adjustments.

On balance, it is possible to note that Nietzsche and Sartre both see morality as certain doctrine aimed at helping people live in the society.

This is because, given the fact that Utilitarian theory's foremost theoretical premise is being concerned with the notion of amaximization of benefits' 1, it will only be logical, on my part, to assume that the [...]

That is they believe that religion is the bedrock of ethics and that religious persons are individuals with immense moral principles.

Second, the theory of deontology embraces the concept of duty and adherence to rule. However, this theory does not refer to physical happiness, but that of the mind and soul.

The major difference between good morality and bad morality according to Nietzsche is that good morality is connected to nobility and bad morals are linked to the common man and simplicity.

The second way or of coming to the conclusion that an action is moral is through the emotive response that the action imparts on people in a society.

Raley claims that the origins of the Natural Law Theory can be found in the writings of Aristotle and his idea of teleology or the evaluation of purpose.

Therefore, the existence of morality is courtesy of the presence of religion. The urgency of religion on moral guidance and the correctness of actions is a dilemma.

A breakdown of why and how virtue ethics, utilitarianism, and personal moral philosophies apply to her unethicality, alongside a proposed solution to her actions, form the basis of this paper.

Similarly, prostitution is related to the CI-2 since it uses a body as a means to an end, which can be considered by Kant as morally impermissible.

The benefit of justice, according to Aristotle, is an individualized virtue based on the character of justice. According to Machiavelli, he puts justice in front of a just man, and a just man comes before [...]

The definition given for lying is an expression of words that contradicts the thoughts with an intent to deceive a person who has the right to know. The implication is that the theory fails to [...]

The main thesis of the theory of existentialism is that existence precedes essence and that one has to start from subjectivity.

In objective or religious morality, the breaking of moral norms or their ordering is less possible because this threatens the meaning of the existence of humankind and the person or their afterlife.

In deontology, the outcomes and consequences may not justify the means to achieve a goal, while in consequentialism, the results determine the means, and significant benefit is expected for the greatest possible number of people.

The philosophical discussion about the relationship between the right to life and bodily autonomy has become especially aggravated in the modern world.

The idea of the purpose justifying the means is central to utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is dependent on consequentiality since it asserts that the most moral thing to do is to use happiness for the benefit of [...]

The formulation could justify itself; namely, the invocation of the general will of all humans guarantees the consistency and applicability of the thesis.

The theory's main features are autonomy of the will, categorical imperative, rational beings and thinking capacity, and human dignity. The theory emphasizes not on the actions and the doers but the consequences of their effects [...]

A warning about the dangers of its use can be applied on the side of the package and only in the text.

The current paper will define the issue of human cloning through the prism of Kantian ethics and support the idea of reproductive cloning being a contravention of human dignity and fundamental biological principles.

He is convinced of the existence of a moral obligation to follow the law, rooted in the rational nature of the regulations of the City, which are founded on the rules of nature itself.

Freedom is revealed in the course of a person's search for their place in the world, the formation of individuality, and the creation of oneself, as well as at the moment when a person is [...]

The implausibility of the opinion of non-Christian students about the relativity of ethical beliefs is confirmed by its subjectivity, the correctness of each ethical belief, and the impossibility of their criticism.

Followers of utilitarianism thus claim that an action is morally right when it increases the happiness of the involved parties and minimizes the harm.

In this regard, the Christian belief in the uniqueness and infinite value of the human person is compatible with the personhood standard theory.

In Kant's philosophy, the ideas of non-consequential ethics are most clearly demonstrated by the moral and ethical phenomenon he formulated and called the categorical imperative.

It is because of the opportunity to master the concepts of good and evil and use them morally a person differs from a thing.

The essence of Aristotle's doctrine of the mean is that virtue lies in between two extremes, none of which is virtuous on its own.

While ethical egoism focuses on self-interest and disregarding the interests of others, psychological egoism is centered around actions or behavior that can bring benefits.

The ethics of Confucianism proclaims the supremacy of good over evil, the peculiar moral law of which is humanity, philanthropy, humanity, reverence for relatives and elders, courtesy, and devotion to the state.

Notably, independence of TIB is guaranteed because it is comprised of three-people who are appointed in consultation of the National Ombudsman, the Vice-President of the Council of State and the President of the Supreme Court.

I knew that I risk my energy level the day after; still, my friend lives in another country and we have not seen each other for 7 years: these facts were convincing enough to take [...]

People's moral beliefs of what is good and what is bad is a construction of the knowledge that was obtained from other people of the same society as children learning from the parents.

So, it is morally permissible to throw the switch because the death of one person is less of a loss than the death of five.

This approach is titled particularism, and, in the current essay, I attempt to justify this principle in the context of moral dilemmas and demonstrate how this perspective expands the ethical understanding of the subject.

To be more specific, this is because the main essence of Bentham's philosophical standpoint is that only those actions which bring happiness and pleasure to others are morally right.

Aristotle, one of the most noticeable Ancient Greek philosophers, has made a great contribution to the studies of ethics both as a discipline and a way of life.

Utilitarianism is primarily based on the outcome, where the one with the most amount of good is considered to be the right choice.

This is considered as the way a particular feeling or notion is portrayed The recommendation of action to another person is not an ethical thing to be performed in that this has to totally embrace [...]

This presupposition forms the basis of Mill's principle of utility, which suggests that an action is acceptable if and only if the outcomes of that particular action are as fulfilling as those of any other [...]

In this paper, emotions and moral judgment are defined; assumptions in regards to the influence of emotions on moral judgments are presented along with models and research findings that support these assumptions.

Generally, it is a term that is used to describe the code of acceptable behaviors in a given context or society.

The evolution of morality is closely connected to the issues of human evolution and human moral development7 that are discussed by Darwin and his followers.

Utilitarianism is a moral hypothesis postulating that a suitable strategy focuses on the general good of the majority in society. The difference between the two forms of utilitarianism is thus rooted in a distinction concerning [...]

Given the intense rivalry between the two brothers on who to donate the kidney to the ailing dad, and the chilling revelation of their mother on the paternity of the younger brother, it is convenient [...]

This means that before engaging in an action against a human or a nonhuman, it is proper to consider the interests and include them in the calculus of rightness.

This due to the fact that only the aspect of ethics in the Buddhist philosophy can be significantly likened to the Confucian philosophy.

The point to discuss in this essay is what is a miracle, a violation of the natural laws or a simple exception from those rules.

The application of double standards in describing the conscious termination of human life on the one hand and animal life on the other bares the subjectivity of man's rationalization to justify crimes against animality.

The discovery of DNA and its role in predetermining the physical and mental subtleties of one's existence, allowed us to realize that it is now only a matter of time before we are going to [...]

This is as opposed to examining the consequences of the act itself or the character of the actor. One of the strengths of Kant's theory is the fact that he safeguards the justice of the [...]

In most cases, people evaluated their moral conduct concerning rules; conduct is considered to be moral if it is by rules and wrong if it is against the rule.

It is essentially described by the existence of pleasure and in living an aesthetic life to the maximum one has to aim at maximizing the given pleasures.

More than thirty years ago, one of the most interesting philosophers of the twentieth century, Hans Jonas, discussing the problems of the experiments on human, outlined the necessity to limit the appetites of "number-hungry research [...]

Kant basis his principles of moral ethics on rational procedures and distinguishes the concept of duty from the "self and others" asserting that all actions must be performed only out of a sense of duty [...]

Ethics is not a theory of discipline since our inquiry as to what is good for human beings is not just gathering knowledge, but to be able to achieve a unique state of fulfillment in [...]