Cartesian developed the Cartesian Dualistic Theory of Pain to explain the relationship between physical and psychological types of pain. Therefore, Descartes developed the Cartesian Theory of pain to explore pain in the context of mind [...]
Kant explains genius as the ability that is bestowed upon producers or artists of fine art whereby the origin of the idea of creating the work cannot be explained such as a scientist's discovery path.
Socrates defined the concepts of evil and good, assuming the achievement of the goals of self-knowledge as the highest virtue. In disputes, Socrates sought to prove the practicality and reasonableness of the world and a [...]
The research explores ancient Greek philosophy and modern studies of the "sensory turn" period in order to bring clarity to the discussion and evaluate the significance of common sense and reason in the cognitive process.
The key difference is that relativism relates the human experience to the influence of culture, while subjectivism states that right and wrong is a matter of personal opinion.
The reason is that, similar to human beings, other organisms are deserving respect and dignity, which is where the problem arises.
The author maintains that the continents of America and Europe are the epicenters of Critical Regionalism fissures. However, the author argues that even though this regionalism approach is liberating because of its freedom of expression, [...]
Therefore, while the existing social structure frames the lives of individuals, they have the ability to make decisions and express them in behavior.
The ability to wonder about the world and construct these enduring questions is the first trait a philosopher should have. The presence of the Socratic Method, which is asking questions to improve conclusions and general [...]
In the words of Kant, utilitarianism cannot be used as a yardstick in the evaluation of human actions because it is not universal.
The first doctrine is that the more recondite phenomena of the mind are formed out of simple parts. Associationism is the theory of psychology explaining the connection between thoughts and past experiences.
It is also pertinent that the concept of Time is comprehended in relation to the concept of Motion. In an analysis of the nature of Time, it is most relevant to remember that Aristotle was [...]
The philosophers justified the criticisms made against the western culture and with time, post-structuralism emerged and exposed the norms and cultures of the western society. The people that led to the emergence of post-structuralism were [...]
In the end, both Hobbes and Locke come to agree on a rather plan ground that, in the state of nature, human behaviors are supposed to be guided by the laws of nature.
One of the basic virtues of a human being is to be rational, and it enhances all other virtues. A human being must have the ability to select his actions, goals, and values carefully for [...]
The concept of transparency is important to anyone interested in the ethics of human dignity and the perpetual peace of Immanuel Kant. The practice of altruism in the markets is not the alternative to markets [...]
In addition, Koerth-Baker gives examples of the bombing of 9/11 with President Bush and the use of condoms in relation to high spread of HIV in Africa.
The contribution of Immanuel Kant to the modern philosophy made him be considered as one of the greatest and the most remarkable philosophers existed in the 18th century.
Clifford provided an opinion in opposition to theism where his statements can be put in three points; there is inadequate evidence to believe that there is existence of God, it is incorrect forever, all over, [...]
In conclusion, the question of whether man is inherently good or evil can only be answered within a specific context. People are neither evil nor good and they behave in the way they do, whether [...]
In the ancient times, a hero in the Greek was regarded as a person with overwhelming courage to face the challenges that affected the community, some of the common challenges of the ancient times included [...]
In the video, it is highlighted that both Plato and Confucius shared a commitment to reason and the value of the state.
It confirms the close relationship between certainty and doubt, namely that the absence of one gives rise to the other. To conclude, the concepts of certainty and doubt are close and intertwined in many things [...]
In the case of the question about reality, Plato offered insightful knowledge and a framework to understand the nature of reality.
It is also worth mentioning the Allegory of the Cave, in which Plato explains the relationship between people and the world of the Forms.
This due to the fact that only the aspect of ethics in the Buddhist philosophy can be significantly likened to the Confucian philosophy.
All in all, the mention of the term 'beach' invokes images of serenity and exquisite joy in the minds of people.
It is necessary to underline the fact that the thinker strived to clarify common features of his Divided Line and the allegory of the Cave; the analysis of his philosophy gives an opportunity to realize [...]
The philosophical dilemma is how to do it, because in the overwhelming majority of cases, a human being is driven by the desire.
An epistemological turn is a philosophical term which in the history of philosophy, refers to the shift in philosophical attention from the classical and medieval focus on themes of metaphysics to a primary focus on [...]
Socrates is considered to be the Father of Western ancient philosophy and his method of inquiry developed the main idea of the earlier philosophers.
Political philosophers have many theories in response to this and it is necessary to analyze some of the main arguments and concepts to get a clearer idea of how to be more precise about the [...]
It is the same point, and the entity designated by these different words is one, but I do not think that the point of intersection of a and b will be equal to the point [...]
For me, the most exciting thing to think of is the relationship between people and the world in which they live.
After that, it is argued that although Kant's philosophy is "better" in some respects, Mill's moral theory is preferable due to being practically applicable.
According to Marx, that is called the externalization of a worker in his product. A man does not choose the productive activity, he is a part of it only because he is forced to he [...]
According to Machiavelli, it is the duty of the prince to protect his realm and to further enhance his sovereignty. He asserts that a prince should not be generous when spending the State's wealth as [...]
It is worth noting that when Husserl emphasized that phenomenology is a pure discipline, he meant that the foundation of his thought rests on the fact that phenomenology is not science of fact but rather [...]
His theory of Seduction Ethics actually begins on what he terms as the production of facts, meanings, and representations of what people are actually made to believe that it is the reality while it is [...]
The test for universal acceptance involve: determining the agent's maxim; imagining that everyone in the same position as the real-world agent observed that maxim; deciding if there is any contradictions generated from the maxim; if [...]
The reading in the Quran that touches on Heaven, Hell, and Death is a complex through a straightforward recitation to understand the passage of reading.
Kant argues that, "a person is good or bad depending on the motivation of their actions and not on the goodness of the consequences of those actions".
It supports the thesis that freedom can be frightening because it requires people to take ownership of their own lives and decisions.
According to the Divine Command Theory, a character is ultimately based on the instructions or nature of God, and the course of behavior that God demands, or commands is morally right.
The doctrine of the golden mean is a request for a realistic moral axiom. The word "virtue" is used in some cases to denote a personal quality and, in others, as a generalized indicator of [...]
The knowledge itself that those assumptions exist and vary allows people to perceive their own biases and question whether or not these biases influence their judgment.
Hobbes argued that God has a free will because his free will is not affected by anything that happens. On the other hand, George Berkeley believed that free will was controlled by God in his [...]
Paul Holbach is a famous French philosopher and writer."The System of Nature" is the most renowned book of the writer, which deals with materialism."The illusion of free will" is part of this book and reveals [...]
The books begin with the discussion of the ideal city and more importantly, the concept of justice. As a result, justice of the soul and the individual is achieved.
This idea is based on the supposition that it is impossible to be the one and the other at the same time.
The Platonic dialogue in The Symposium epitomizes the progression that Diotima describes as pursuance of beauty in highly refined and generalized forms and each speech in the symposium takes the reader closer to the comprehension [...]
One of the first important considerations he gives to his assessment of why humans engage in art is the constant oppositions he finds in nature the male/female opposition being the strongest of these as they [...]
Thus, Confucius formulated the measure of human virtue and stressed the importance of learning and love in the human life: "The nature and duties of the human being must be studied diligently and cultivated, he [...]
The world of The Matrix is one of the examples of the precarity of that, which may be called the real world as perceived by the beholder.
The concept shared by the author consists in the statement that human life is irrational: one has to admit that it is senseless and is forced to overcome this knowledge to continue living, working, and [...]
On religious beliefs, Clifford advises that belief matters are private and that people have the right to choose whichever religion to believe.
The conceptual relationship between the stories of Broyard and Toews should not be limited to the meaning of life but expanded to the feeling of inevitability that is depicted in different ways, the intentions to [...]
The introduction of the rule of law is an integral part of state-building. Their importance in state building is to ensure that the actions of both leaders and citizens are controlled.
With regards to the first point or the first method to prove the existence of God, Aquinas' arguments focused on the concept of causality, so that God is the first cause or the primary mover.
The purpose of this paper is to review each of the two theories and develop a comparison between them. This term is in contrast to the paths of extremities described by eternalism and annihilationism that [...]
Even though knowledge is often forced upon people, especially children, and due to the deficiency of the human mind, knowledge is biased.
To be more particular about the two types above of ethics, virtue ethics can be defined as the type of ethics that "focuses on the character traits and nonobligatory ideas that facilitate the development of [...]
It is the epitome of thinking and as it was described by the London times, "the great virtue of philosophy is that it teaches not what to think, but how to think".
The moderate philosophical inclination anchors on the role of reason in the acquisition of knowledge. The extreme standpointthe posits the relevance of reason as the sole gateway to the acquisition of knowledge.
On the other hand, Hume defines the concept of necessity as the kind of uniformity observed in the unique operations and processes in nature.
Aidos is a term that was used to refer to the deity spirit of humility, respect and admiration. The term was used by the ancient Greeks to imply the society of good community members.
On balance, it is possible to note that Nietzsche and Sartre both see morality as certain doctrine aimed at helping people live in the society.
It is very important to know and to apply a philosophical life in our lives in order to have a divine life and the better understanding of what life really is.
Platonic philosophy, precisely the concept of world of forms, had dominated the medieval era that subjected the human body, as a shadow of a real body in the world of forms, to little or no [...]
It is possible for one to live in a state of tranquility or ataraxia when one limited oneself to the necessary and natural things of life.
In order to understand Hume's critique of the belief in miracles, it is crucial to begin by defining what a miracle means.
Theories such as rationalism the Intuition/Deduction thesis and Innate Knowledge thesis which support the notion that there is the existence of intrinsic or instinctive knowledge or the subsistence of a priori knowledge, knowledge of necessary [...]
One day, one of the prisoners was set free from the chains and made to turn and see the fire, as well as the puppets, which he compared with the shadows he had been seeing [...]
Therefore, the value of education in the allegory can be seen through the illusion of reality, the transformative power of knowledge, and the responsibility to share knowledge, all of which are shown through the example [...]
Although he makes a strong case for the existence of happiness, the foundation and organization of his article are less strong, which eventually lessens the general effect of his argument.
David Hume, a Scottish philosopher and historian, developed a theory of aesthetics that takes art and standards of taste in mind.
In her work, The Evidence of Experience, Joan Scott reviews the essence of experience, its concepts, and solutions to the issue of the term's usage.
Kant proceeds to identify a philosophical gap in the form of the lack of a means to determine the possibility, principles, and scope of pure knowledge.
However, with the development of skeptical thought, the common field of inquiry regarding skepticism became more local, more focused on specific ideas, such as the validity of human perception, the search for universal truths, and [...]
It is believed that the introduction of philosophical naturalism to scientific thinking led to the development of the natural sciences. In contrast to the natural sciences, the social sciences focus on particular people and communities [...]
We improve our ability to make friends and relate to others and recognize the importance of prioritizing the development of healthy relationships in all aspects of life, recognizing that this is the foundation for a [...]
Trying Out One's New Sword is a story about refuting the theory of moral isolationism and barriers that divide the world into independent units with their values and traditions.
The story of Malala has shown that freedom is crucial for personal happiness and the ability to live a good life.
The Philosophy of the Unconscious is the most important encyclopedic work of Eduard von Hartmann, in which the phenomenon of the unconscious is subjected to careful analysis not only from a biological and psychological, but [...]
The book abounds in controversies, for instance, the author makes use of the process of dreaming to show that the work of the brain alone is not sufficient for the creation of consciousness.
Although realism contributed in the understanding of the concepts and environment through provision of an ideal approach, it also left out in art the hope and love in their work.
The article entitled "The house, from cellar to garret, the significance of the hut" tries to represent the meaning of a house from a phenomenological perspective.
Divine ego is part of the mind that reacts to reality by deciding on what options to take in response to life experiences. Human beings, therefore, need to have faith in the Almighty.
However, it can be interesting to understand why the rest of the people are so afraid of death. People are afraid of the unknown.
Since human beings have rationality that is generated from God, they possess natural law that enables them to perceive what is morally acceptable."Aquinas emphasizes that human acts should be based on reason which is intrinsically [...]
They include the view of justice that forms the basis of Socrates' criticism and the reason why the philosopher found Cephalus and Polemarchus definitions and views of justice unsatisfactory.
Responsibility and accountability are the facets of morals, the consequences of your actions should be borne by you alone and no one must suffer or gain favors in the name of a lie.
He asserts that the duration of an activity and the intensity of pleasure are very important in measuring the levels of pleasure.
The questions related to searching for the sense of life and exploring the nature of existence are regarded as the ones that all human beings were looking the answers for since the beginning of the [...]
Some of his main achievements include the creation of the primary axiomatic system, the invention of the contemporary logic of quantification, and the definition of identity. In concluding the identity puzzle, Frege asserts that the [...]
The dilemma in this dialogue is "whether God says actions or things are morally acceptable because they are naturally good, or such practices become moral because God appears to declare them to be ethical".
That being the case, the concept mainly focuses on the relationships between outputs and the targeted inputs. This knowledge explains why the two aspects of materialism will make it easier for individuals to redefine their [...]
Ontology as a name was developed from a Greek word 'onto' which means 'being' or 'that which is.' Ontology is a branch of metaphysics that deals with issues about the existence of entities, and how [...]
The major question about this argument is what is the appropriateness and success of using the philosophical tools to show the existence of God in a probable way.
The idea of fleeing the real world that is habitable in the thinking of man, to the desert preoccupied by fear, dangers and uncertainty refers to the need for independence of the spirit.
Nor that there is, on the one hand, the field of things, of perfected technique, work, and the transformation of the real; on the other that of signs, communication, reciprocity, and the production of meaning; [...]
According to Friedman, 1970 he believed that when organization engage in social responsibility, a closer analysis will reveal that it aims to improve its image in the eye of the consumers, the government, the local [...]
In particular, he emphasized on the importance of human experiences in the comprehension of cause and effect. Hence, the theory of cause and effect highlights that the tendency to associate events is the foundation of [...]
And as lying is a form of communication, and people know this fact, the only way out in order not to be defrauded is stop communicating.
The implicit assumptions of a paradigm act as criterion that is used in study or to validate study. A paradigm shift is a radical change in the way science as a study and criterion for [...]
From this point, beauty can be discussed as the attribute of things and as the independent form, and deja vu is the example of the reality as illusion because the life is only the reflection [...]
He explained death as the end of living; this meant the life of an individual would be terminated at the time of death.
According to Plutarch ), the paradox originated from Greek legend "The ship wherein Theseus and the youth of Athens returned [from labyrinth in Crete] had thirty oars, and was preserved by the Athenians down even [...]
Another way of understanding the concept of truth is through looking at it on the grounds of whether it is absolute or relative.
According to Locke, the state of nature is a state of perfect freedom and a state of equality that is only bound by the law of nature.
In it, Neo greets his new teacher, and Morpheus explains the existence of the ubiquitous Matrix and enslavement to the man.
As a result, a tragedy's focus should be on the heroic deeds of its protagonists and the various factors that contribute to the tragic ending.
Inception has a philosophical argument in the plot which resonates with Rene Descartes' reasoning on the nature of reality and the mind's interpretation of its experience.
The concept of social constructivism gives people the power to create and encourages them to create a positive world that they will exist in peace.
In the first chapter, tired "Camel, Kangaroo, and the Elephant, the author presents the list of the seven questions that help one form their worldview, which is arguably the most significant aspect of the book.
Foucault's Discipline and Punish and Gilles Deleuze's "Postscript on the Society of Control" discuss the nature of power in society. On the other hand, Deleuze's reading is more optimistic because he discusses how the society [...]
Firstly, nature is the source of human spirituality and love, and Emerson confirms this by stating that "a nobler want of man is served by nature, namely, the love of Beauty".
Foot argues that morality should be presented as a system of hypothetical imperatives due to the fact that morality does not differ from anything else, for example, etiquette.
In general, Plato's "The Allegory of the Cave" and LeGuin's "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" address the same theme the truth and how it may affect people's reality.
However, his most prominent contribution is considered to be the formulation of the five arguments proving the existence of God, simply known as "the five ways".