New historicism is a conservative, establishment-type of approach to literature involving the strict, historical contextual analysis and background. This means that New Historicism is a modern perspective of understanding past events through the use of [...]
The purpose of this paper is to review each of the two theories and develop a comparison between them. This term is in contrast to the paths of extremities described by eternalism and annihilationism that [...]
One of the basic virtues of a human being is to be rational, and it enhances all other virtues. A human being must have the ability to select his actions, goals, and values carefully for [...]
Neo-realism on the other hand is the modern realism practiced in most of the nations today. One of the greatest contributions that Hobbes made in realism was the definition of power.
In her essay The Traffic in Women: Notes on the "Political Economy" of Sex, Gayle Rubin strived to outline factors that contribute to the fact that even today, women continue to be subjected to different [...]
The main concern of Foucault consists in the way technology has influenced quest for power among the ruling class in the society, and also the reason as to why the society is violating the rules [...]
Cartesian developed the Cartesian Dualistic Theory of Pain to explain the relationship between physical and psychological types of pain. Therefore, Descartes developed the Cartesian Theory of pain to explore pain in the context of mind [...]
Lilian was the name of a young girl who lived in the area and was the same age as me. It was suggested that I see a therapist to lessen the impact on my mental [...]
Hobbes argued that God has a free will because his free will is not affected by anything that happens. On the other hand, George Berkeley believed that free will was controlled by God in his [...]
Described by Maya Angelou as the most important of all the virtues because without courage you cannot practice any other virtue consistently", it is composed of different types, including physical courage, moral courage, social courage, [...]
During his trial, Socrates explains the meaning of justice by examining the action of the citizens of the republic of Athens, where he gives a response to the challenge of Glaucon and Adaimentus on what [...]
He knows that his rejection is not about qualification and neither is it a result of the alleged phone he does not have but has more to do with his social status.
This is the study of value that surpasses the ability of a man to reason over the universe and its state on the whole.
The spiritual world for people means the immortality of their souls, which is in general highly important from the point of view of religion and philosophy.
The first doctrine is that the more recondite phenomena of the mind are formed out of simple parts. Associationism is the theory of psychology explaining the connection between thoughts and past experiences.
Socrates is considered to be the Father of Western ancient philosophy and his method of inquiry developed the main idea of the earlier philosophers.
The key idea behind this notion is that "everything that's happening now and that will happen in the future was already guaranteed to happen by things that happened in the distant past".
Rene Descartes is one of the main ideologists of the free will and the error inclination of the human intellectual knowledge, and his main idea penetrating all the aspects of his philosophic views is that [...]
These two thinkers contributed greatly to the development of the movement through the focus on certain basic values and principles as well as the promotion of particular aspects of the overall paradigm.
According to Marx, that is called the externalization of a worker in his product. A man does not choose the productive activity, he is a part of it only because he is forced to he [...]
It is apparent that Nagel's account of sexual perversion and the application of his theory omits masturbation, which is a contentious form of sexual activities.
Hume's argument gets interesting when he postulates that regardless of the number of times we witness a succession of events, we cannot predict the succession of events.
The perception of the self, according to Socrates explains the nature of man and the rationale on which man thinks. The capacity of a man is a product of the self in him; this formed [...]
It is from deduction of this principle that gives rise to the third principle of rectification in which Nozick brings forth suggestions of solutions that should be adopted to rectify the unjust distribution and ownership [...]
Nietzsche in the seventh maxim asks whether man is a result of the erroneous work of God or God is the error of man.
Descartes argued that the notion of the soul consist of all the perceptions of intelligence and the leanings of the human will, and is totally different from the notion of the body which concerns itself [...]
Thus, the recurrent themes similar to the Chinese philosophy of Yin-Yang and Western philosophy are the constant transformation, balance, and interconnectedness of all elements in the universe.
In contrast to Plato, Aristotle asserted that the senses were necessary for accurately determining reality and that they could not be used to deceive a person. Aristotle and Plato both considered that thoughts were superior [...]
From this point of view, Cato's recommendations are ideal: the location of the willow tree immediately after the vineyard and the garden is not accidental, since in this passage a scale of the main and [...]
It would not be an exaggeration to state that Plato's allegory of the cave only makes perfect sense if one views it in the light of the theory of forms.
This paper will examine the works and ideas of the prominent Islamic thinkers, the sources of classical or early Islam Philosophy.
He is viewed as the rescuer of Thebes through his efforts to protect the people and his success in fighting the Argive Army.
In the end, both Hobbes and Locke come to agree on a rather plan ground that, in the state of nature, human behaviors are supposed to be guided by the laws of nature.
For a government to be effective, there must be a set of morals and virtues in place to ensure the people are happy.
It may be supposed that justice and honesty as the one unqualifiedly moral virtue, could fulfill the role of the fundamental virtue as it can also be noticed in the case of righteousness, the general [...]
Immanuel Kant was largely affected by the death of his mother as he was only 13 years old at the time of her death.
With regards to the first point or the first method to prove the existence of God, Aquinas' arguments focused on the concept of causality, so that God is the first cause or the primary mover.
The research conducted in the different countries during which people were asked how satisfied they were with their lives clearly indicated the existence of a non-linear relationship between the amount of money and the size [...]
It is necessary to understand the structure of society and how it was established to understand the point of view of the author.
To speak of it in our present time, there are only a few people who are given the power of 'sound judgement about what is right and what is wrong' and should have the power [...]
The major question about this argument is what is the appropriateness and success of using the philosophical tools to show the existence of God in a probable way.
Platonic philosophy, precisely the concept of world of forms, had dominated the medieval era that subjected the human body, as a shadow of a real body in the world of forms, to little or no [...]
Socrates and Euthyphro show that the application of justice in different societies is not always fair. Plato's arguments are ambiguous because they do not offer a rational basis about how religion can be used to [...]
As they argue with Socrates on the issue of injustice, Thrasymachus says that justice "is nothing more than the advantage of the stronger". According to them, the cardinal aim of Thrasymachus is to prove that [...]
According to Locke, the state of nature is a state of perfect freedom and a state of equality that is only bound by the law of nature.
In this paper, I shall narrate one of the significant changes in my life so as to highlight the fact that our perception of the change does at times determine whether the experience will be [...]
In the first chapter, tired "Camel, Kangaroo, and the Elephant, the author presents the list of the seven questions that help one form their worldview, which is arguably the most significant aspect of the book.
Their understanding of the definition of human will is based on the debate as to whether the will free or determined.
The open question argument is an attempt of George Moore, an English philosopher, to prove that natural properties cannot be reduced to moral ones.
Generally, peace is achieved by creating a government and forsaking individual rights in favor of one entity to ensure humans' chaos-less existence.
The paper will argue that the Augustinian view of sin excuses man from accountability and that the best way for solving such a problem is through adoption of Kant's categorical imperative.
The truth of love is to follow the way of love like philosophical way and see the soul behind the body, everlasting beauty of virtue, and idea behind the beauty of transient love.
It is necessary to underline the fact that the thinker strived to clarify common features of his Divided Line and the allegory of the Cave; the analysis of his philosophy gives an opportunity to realize [...]
As the relevance and the appropriateness of the metaphor are established, it is of paramount significance to consider the different aspects of the question in a meaningful and judicious manner.
If to assume that moral relativism is true, then it is impossible to discuss good and bad outside the specific situation. Thus, their actions were morally wrong according to the assumptions of moral relativism.
As a rule, a traditional logical inference has two basic elements, i.e, a premise and a conclusion. Therefore, A.
However, the most predominant theme portrayed by Thomas Hobbes in Leviathan is that the natural state of man in leadership is war. According to Daniel, liberty is a measure of power exercised by people in [...]
Can it happen that truth is a kind of agreement between a belief and a real life fact, or is it possible that a true belief should cohere with other true beliefs, or is it [...]
The fact that there is a long tradition involving the slaughter of animals for food does not justify the killing of animals.
Aidos is a term that was used to refer to the deity spirit of humility, respect and admiration. The term was used by the ancient Greeks to imply the society of good community members.
Yao reacts against the constricted view of the philosophy, which comes from failure to open into the historical development of the philosophy and the role of the Confucian tradition as a whole in advancing Confucianism.
The moneyed class or the capitalists, those who own the means of production are grouped into one class, while the labourers and the proletariat belong to another; they are also known as the exploiting and [...]
His theory of Seduction Ethics actually begins on what he terms as the production of facts, meanings, and representations of what people are actually made to believe that it is the reality while it is [...]
The allegory of the cave can serve in revealing some of the key reasons to mistrust the views of the majority.
Another way of understanding the concept of truth is through looking at it on the grounds of whether it is absolute or relative.
Next, epistemology, the sentinel of knowledge, confronts the question "What is knowledge?" This philosophical sentinel guards the gates of understanding, probing the foundations of knowledge and the pathways to acquire it. The philosophical mindset, a [...]
According to utilitarianism, the greatest ethical action is the one that benefits society, and the value of each person is more significant than the value of a community.
The Confucian gentleman is the one who lives by the highest moral standards and aims to help others achieve the realization of this goal.
It is not individual achievements but rather the feeling of having contributed to a general human goal and becoming a better person that grants life meaning.
Scholars and thinkers of repute in the fields of philosophy, political science, and history during the ancient, classical, and contemporary epochs of learning have put forward theories that attempt to explain the origins, necessity, and [...]
Perhaps one of the first events which marked the beginning of this change was the publishing of the Kinsey Reports in 1948 and 1953.
Also, his philosophy conveys the importance and the beauty of the life of faith in the midst of a discouraging world.
His "Social Contract" is one of the most intriguing writings of Rousseau because he defends man, though being part of the society has its own right in terms of privacy.
In summary, becoming is seen as the special case of being. The research on philosophy of being and becoming was confusing in defining the clear distinction between the two concepts.
In his book 'The Prince', Machiavelli evades the subject of legitimacy simply because of his rather cynical stand on the issue of legitimate governance.
Following Descartes' argument, the mind is independent of the body yet eye witness testimony relies on a judgment that has to be internalized as memory on the mind.
In order to form a solid basis on how the two theories visualize the ability of man to reason, it is important to have a valid understanding of the theories themselves.
However, since it is very similar to others and has similar characteristics, a person categorizes it with the rest of the leaves.
As opposed to the rational theory, the empiricism theory estimates that the main source of knowledge is the experience which can be based on the "perceptional observation of the world".
The emergence of new transcendental ideas reshaped the American literature introduced in the works by Emerson, Thoreau, and Whitman in such a way that it contributed to the excellence and maturity of the literary world [...]
It can be noted that in all cases suffering was seen as evil in some quarters of the ancient world as is seen today.
According to Holinger, a world class citizen relates well with other groups, and all human beings: Cosmopolitan is about justice, which should be evident in all aspects and it must be the one governing the [...]
On the other hand, determinism theory explains that there is an order that leads to occurrences of events in the world and in the universe.
Geertz's and Weber's argument is that religion influences the actions of various group members because it is larger as compared to the actions of any individual in a group.
In the era of ancient Greece, approximately forty years before the commencement of the Peloponnesian battles, an infant by the name of Socrates was brought into the world.
Kant argues that, "a person is good or bad depending on the motivation of their actions and not on the goodness of the consequences of those actions".
This is to mean that the life of a person is what makes up what is referred to as the person's 'essence'.
At the same time, it could be argued that Sartre is overstating the extent to which people can define themselves when saying that 'existence precedes essence.' While he is correct in asserting that individuals are [...]
Kant proceeds to identify a philosophical gap in the form of the lack of a means to determine the possibility, principles, and scope of pure knowledge.
The idea of the purpose justifying the means is central to utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is dependent on consequentiality since it asserts that the most moral thing to do is to use happiness for the benefit of [...]
The current paper will define the issue of human cloning through the prism of Kantian ethics and support the idea of reproductive cloning being a contravention of human dignity and fundamental biological principles.
A person may need faith to be able to act in principle, to function - it can be the primary basis of action.
In general, Plato's "The Allegory of the Cave" and LeGuin's "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" address the same theme the truth and how it may affect people's reality.
The reason is that, similar to human beings, other organisms are deserving respect and dignity, which is where the problem arises.
Therefore, while the existing social structure frames the lives of individuals, they have the ability to make decisions and express them in behavior.
For harmony to prevail, human beings have to live in accordance to the two kinds of order; that is nature and convention.
One of the first important considerations he gives to his assessment of why humans engage in art is the constant oppositions he finds in nature the male/female opposition being the strongest of these as they [...]
The author's identity is very important in the essay, he was personally attacked by a criminal and this is why the author wants to ensure that justice prevails in the society, a clear picture of [...]
The author of this paper will outline all four of the philosopher's lines of reasoning that a person's soul is immortal while promoting the idea that it specifically the second one, concerned with one's possession [...]
The ideas which do not resemble the objects that caused them are the ones of secondary qualities: sound, color, odor, and taste.
The article entitled "The house, from cellar to garret, the significance of the hut" tries to represent the meaning of a house from a phenomenological perspective.
In a society where they have a political system that favors political liberalism, it is not just a matter of obeying rules since the enactment of the political system is similar to the moral values [...]
A careful study of his masterpiece entitled, Meditations can lead one to conclude that his concept of the self was the byproduct of the combination of the use of his physical senses, common sense, and [...]
There is a kind of ethical dilemma, and Kant's Principle of Universalization offers one of the possible solutions to treat strong encryption as a morally permissible concept that is wrong to prohibit or make obligatory.
The only way the truth will be concealed and still lead to happiness is when the truth is substituted with a lie.
Compatibilism is closely linked to causal determinism in that it agrees with the fact that past events affect future events. In essence, people are not locked to determinism only but also to the fact that [...]
The moral and intellectual pleasures were considered to be "highest pleasures", and the experiences, that caused satisfaction of flesh were considered to be "lower pleasures". The pleasures of the majority, in that case, are considered [...]
In particular, the modern generation attaches so much importance to money in the sense that success and money are presumed to be one and the same thing.
On the other hand, Hume defines the concept of necessity as the kind of uniformity observed in the unique operations and processes in nature.
Thus, according to the principle, an individual has the right to do whatever he or she wills unless the action brings harm to others and that is the only time power should be used to [...]
From the above discussion, it is notable that Plato connects the idea of "justice" to the "Form of Good". Such kings will apply practical theories and ideas in order to address the needs of the [...]
Chaos theory explains the rationale of chaotic events in the world. Chaos theory explains the rationale of chaotic events in the world.
The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the consequences and key concepts involved in the development of the mind-body philosophy and offer personal suggestions or opinions over the issue of relationship between the [...]
Hobbes' philosophy of morality is based on his knowledge of the social compact and human nature. Hobbes' morality, in contrast, is based on self-interest and the requirement for social order.
Bentham lived at a time of hasty development of the ideas of liberalism and socialism, the bloody and violent emergence of European nations, and the Industrial Revolution.
As we will see, claims of lying and deception and the desire to deceive and mislead seem to be linked to incorrect expectations, false beliefs, and self-delusion on both sides of the political and public [...]
From any perspective, the two disciplines agree to some extent that human beings form the subject of the quest for knowledge. The study of philosophical anthropology helps in understanding the nature of humankind concerning the [...]
Therefore, the meaning of "utopia" did not change to a tangible extent, as the modern meaning aligns with the one that More assigned to it.
The ways of the modern world have deemed that virtue is to be rewarded and vice is to be punished. The standard of merit and how to apply it in a situation appears to be [...]
Two attitudes toward money involve negative perception of money as universal evil and positive perception of money as source of good life and prosperity.