Operant conditioning through the use of punishment can be used to prevent or decrease a certain negative behavior, for example, when a child is told that he/she will lose some privileges in case he/she misbehaves, [...]
What they do not realize is that the children whom they entrust to the moving screen are at an impressionable age wherein they consider everything they see on television to be a part of reality [...]
Considering the problem of attitudes towards aging in mass media, one can observe that the elderly population is having been viewed in a different manner if compared to the people of young age.
This is the main technique used to study the consistency of eyewitness testimony in young children. In this case, there is no accidental assignment and the type of research is referred to as differential research.
Emotional intelligence pertains to the ability to realize your own emotions and those of others, the inspiration of yourself and the management of emotions within and outside relationships.
Hence, Freud associates basic human needs with the unconscious and emphasises the development of the concept of consciousness in order to examine and observe keenly the sentimental and emotional problems of the patients, which they [...]
This paper will however streamline its scope of analysis to Trait theory and behaviourism approach in order to; assess personality, account for the extent to which these approaches can be said to truly guide the [...]
The community-based mental treatment system, as the article proves is based on the new comprehensive approach to the issues of psychological health, which puts forth not only the consequences of the illness but its deeper [...]
Leaders need to get the people involved in a conflict invested in the outcome so that they can accept the resolution.
Employers consider the personality tests as a way of gauging if a person they are considering hiring is stable, honest, and a good fit for the company.
Seemingly, nobody seems to get past the superficial top layer of video gaming that provides hours of mindless fun to see that there are deeper psychological needs that are unknowingly addressed by the video games [...]
It is clear that the scientific practitioner is not just to read so as to prepare scientists and practitioner psychologists but to read and integrate these roles so that the practice by the psychologist is [...]
As the problem of Jack's aggressive behavior is a burning one, much effort should be made to establish adequate interaction between the child and his classmates.
According to the Gestaltists, the process of some problem-solving requires the reorganizing or restructuring of the elements of the problem situation in such a way as to provide a solution.
Finally, the paper will discern the parenting style that the parents were using on the subject being observed."Life Span is the study of life from the womb to the tomb".
However the numbers of females who are affected are far more than the numbers of males. It is also more probable that a girl would experience it as compared to boys at some point in [...]
The combination of the mall features and the shared symptoms is followed by the so-called "Zombie effect". The problem of consumerism is an existent issue in contemporary society.
First of all, it is vital to mention that the patient has demonstrated positive thinking in life and this is by his way of handling of the mobile phone. Assessment of the environment of the [...]
He may not pose a danger to the society as in the case of a child with high initiative, but low analytical thinking.
The experience of puberty and the attendant consequence as before the age of eight for girls and nine or nine and a half for boys require parental attendance for guidance, advice and control.
Researchers found that resilience in such children came from the strong desire to maintain high self-esteem since troubled families tend to instill a feeling of pessimism and lack of power amongst their children.
Anna Freud stressed the importance of education as a co-process in child analysis and put great emphasis on the crucial role that the educator played in motivating the child to actively participate in the educative [...]
While tracing the history of the disease, many authors have come to the conclusion that the disease is to some extent due to the living styles that people have adopted over the years and also [...]
The biological approach on the other hand is a branch of psychology that attempts to derive an understanding of human behavior through the explicit study of physiology and anatomy especially concentrating on the human brain.
Despite many researchers agreeing with Neil idea that couples and families should be exposed to different kinds of treatments Gurman 91 had a different opinion saying that since it has not yet been known which [...]
To conclude, it is necessary to state that the IQ index of a human being can be altered and modified by environmental interventions.
It is a group of processes that a person might use to call up a positive or negative emotion, hold onto the emotion, control it, or change it, and then differentiate between the feelings of [...]
The study indicated that the individuals were more satisfied with the choices made when they had a smaller selection to choose from.
Moreover, the more strong and complex is a bridge between both sides of the brain the stronger interaction with the hypothalamus will be, this part of the brain is accountable for motivations, emotions, homeostasis, and [...]
Even as a majority of the aspects covered by this relationship could be well taken care of by legislation, inclusion in contracts of employment and which are signed by employees, still there is a high [...]
Eriksson's concept is simple and neat, however, it is very sophisticated, and the concept is a base for extensive or complex discussion and examination of personality and behavior. This is the infant stage; the infant [...]
More important is the justification of all the levels in order to realize the potential of human being. The fact that for one to be self, he or she should be in all the five [...]
In this paper, I will describe eight common features used to describe personality, state the advantages and disadvantages of having a diversity of personality theories to the understanding of personality, the contributions of Freud and [...]
The hypotheses to be tested are the following: Under AIM: No difference between feedback and non-feedback condition for either toe or ear movements.
The background of the current research was stated in Ebbinghaus' psychological study, and reveals the fact, that if e series of accidental symbols is offered for memorizing, the human memory will be able to memorize [...]
As for the materials, that were used to arrange and held this research, it should be emphasized, that the ordinary commercial posters, advertising videos and slogans, that surround people in their everyday life is the [...]
We may believe that stress has only psychological relevance, but the perspective of psychologists is that stress is the physiological and psychological reaction of an individual to a condition that poses a threat calling for [...]
In attitude measurement, an assessment is made on how attitude might affect the behavior of a person. It is always a problem to measure the prediction of intentions.
It can be observed from the above information that Moyers book "Healing and the Mind," Santrock's book, "Human Adjustment," and the study and practice of relaxation are all related in the sense that all of [...]
As a young Christian developing a character that is supposed to set the example for the rest is a very important tool in leadership.
Trends in recent advances in the treatment of suicide cases can be highlighted and stories in the media about the incidents of suicide and the reasons for the same often prove to be very informative [...]
The regulation of social life can be a promising quality of life in later adulthood. Lifestyle factors have a tremendous effect on the quality of life and well-being in later years.
According to Piaget, moral development of individuals occurs on the basis of their age and interactions with society. He also debates that social experience does not promote the ability to think morally and that the [...]
In this approach intelligence analysis has been redefined in a way that puts all the isolated parts of intelligence cycle model together with enough liberty for questions, feedback and changes in accordance with the purpose [...]
At the school, Bandura notes that most of the learning was left to the initiative of the students as there was lack of teachers as well as resources.
In post partum depression, it is relatively easy to diagnose a patient because the term of pregnancy is closely related to the onset of the depression.
It also discusses the symptoms associated with these disorders and the methods of treatment including social interventions. Abnormal working of the neurotransmitters or abnormalities in the brain leads to abnormal mental functioning and development.
According to the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual the essential features of a panic attack are discrete periods of intense fear and at least four of the symptoms which appear during each [...]
Stress is a psychological concept it cannot be touched or perceived directly because it is the emotional and physical strain caused to us when we respond to some indirect pressure from the outer world.
The book 'Power of Now' is a New York Times bestseller and has been translated into several languages in being one of the most powerful books in the modern world that has assisted millions of [...]
This study may support the earlier report that has highlighted the role of cigarette and alcohol in association with stress. In another study researchers have described the role of racial identity and the consequences of [...]
It is recognized by the comprehensive length of time of the symptoms, the disturbance in normal function caused by the symptoms, or by the intensity of the symptoms.
This process of ensuring an individual is in touch with the audience is called self-monitoring, and that of confirming that the individual is conforming to the audience's perceptions is called self f validation.
The component parts of the organization are in many ways subordinate to the primary goals, even though on a day-to-day basis there may be enormous competition among individual organizational members and among structural subunits of [...]
The other defined usage of the object relations theory is used in the sense of intrapersonal structures and external relations with others which is a concept of the ego organization.
Based on this definition, confidentiality is a commitment of a person towards another, while privacy is the information a person wants to keep and not to disclose to anyone else. This is a part of [...]
Depression in the psychological sense displays the overall depression of the normal behavior of a person, and a depression in the ability of that person to respond normally to various circumstances in one's life.
Mental illness affects many aspects of suffers' life, the most important is that the diagnosis of mental illness comes with the additional burden of a negative label.
The therapist is, instead, a co-explorer who helps the client discover the reality of the meanings and meaning potentials that call to the client for their discovery, actualization, and re-collection as a way to "shrink" [...]
Most of the psychotherapies are backed up by various theories and are the same in the case of psychodrama. One of the main people involved in such a play is a psychodrama director who is [...]
For instance, the behaviorist supposition that the brain is always awakened and only from the external by sense organ procedures cannot define daydreams; likewise, for the statement that consciousness is the straight or restricted product [...]
He is well recognized for his pigeon study that led to the box of skinner which is a controlled environment for studying the behavior of organisms.
In the case of psychotherapy, many therapists find it difficult to provide specific information regarding the length of the treatment, the nature of sessions, treatment plan, confidentiality, and its limits and alternative treatment options.
What normally happens in such a scenario is the pulling in of the subject to similar perspectives as that of the social practitioner.
The core tenet and perspective on the subject of substance abuse-related social therapy dwells on that the problem has to be placed within the broader precincts of the factors that characterize the environment of the [...]
The author views that most of the research in the area of immediate compliance and corporal punishment is not based on observations but on inquiry from the parents of what type of punishments used and [...]
Because of the importance of a literary text, it is important to find ways of making good use of the text by creating a better understanding of the same.
The development of Freudian conception resulted in changes in Oedipus complex meaning and impact within the psychology; the form of the Oedipus complex may vary depending on the culture, but in general, this complex is [...]
In the application of cognitive-oriented therapies the aim is to establish and monitor mind processes, the thoughts, as well examine and monitor the subjects' assumptions and beliefs and behaviors associated with unhealthy negative emotions.
What is mentioned in biology text books and journals about the human brain is so small and almost insignificant compared to the myriad functions and parts of the brain that are yet to be explored.
Also, the therapist is not involved in dictating the goals of the therapy but the client, so the client is required to give full cooperation to the therapist.
One of the possibilities in viewing human nature is that it is the summation of human behavior and psychology. The concept of human nature has been traditionally used to refer to the subset of human [...]
The psychological effect changes the social behavior and the effect-causing reasons are many including socio-petal and socio-fugal arrangement, population density, crowd, social support, etc.
By asking "how does a stepfamily actually work", I found that this article provided the answer in the sense that I learned about how the core of the stepfamily is developed and why a stepfamily [...]
The focus of current research is the complicated process of self regulation which is an important aspect in somatic and cognitive behavior therapies.
They have the right to fight for there fundamental rights for they are mature and they can be in a position to take care of themselves.
Moreover, any change in an organization need to be properly communicated to make it acceptable and to avoid employee resistance to the change process and improve their commitment.
This essay aims to examine the psychological implications of stereotyping on the societies in the world and what can be done to avoid such a practice.
Therefore, counseling in the form of psychotherapy will increasingly become a necessity as also will become the need to choose the right, suitably qualified psychotherapist.
The goals of this therapy is to make the client understand his/her values assumptions and even ideals so as to be in better position of getting in terms with truths of the world he/she lives.
His idea of the three systems of personality, the id, ego and superego being in constant battle within a person makes sense to me, as I liken it to a person's continual debate of what [...]
It is believed that no matter how painful that experience is, the client needs to confront it with the help of creative techniques or experiments facilitated by a skilled therapist who uses his wise judgment [...]
The memory consolidation of the visual skill tasks is related to the REM sleep and the short wave component of the NREM.
The central consideration is what is in the best interests of the family and choosing a therapy for the family and particular cultural groups will depend on what is likely to work best with them.
The principle underlying Aaron Beck's cognitive therapy model of approach to the treatment of depression capitalizes on the reality-supported interpretation of a situation and seeks to eliminate any doubts that often torment most stressed persons.
Psychoanalytic/Jungian Analytic Psychotherapy is the process in which a patient is encouraged to discuss and talk his/her thoughts which are of precedence with a therapist.
The major idea of their theories coincides in the point that the relation between the theoretical and practical parts of the science they deal with, i.e.social work, should allow for people's use of the findings [...]
Law enforcement entailing to work for the people, costs a high price to pay when it comes to spending time with family and friends.
The sense of harmony that has to exist in every heart is born out of the ashes of the spirit of regeneration of humanitarian concerns.
But they sometimes do not realize that it is that parallel play that has brought their children to such a state where they can face the real world with enthusiasm and confidence.
Persuasion is based on discourse and dialogue; propaganda is intended to be one-sided" Some researchers, such as Cain, look at any piece of media communication according to the ten points identified by Jowett and O'Donnell [...]
More attractive and relevant to the disposition and aptitude of an individual the work is, higher will be the level of his motivation while performing his obligations and interacting with others.
The individuals are socially expected to identify their gender by the way they behave, perform the normal core activities, and also the mode of dressing.
One of the mounting crises in the educational system in the current world has been the problem behavior exhibited by certain students in the learning process.
The other common disorder associated with autism is that of mutism whereby it also lies under the category of speech disorder and in many cases it is difficult to be diagnosed and at the same [...]
In my essay, I am discussing how this test evolved over the last 106 years and the pros and cons of using this test, and how adequate it is to assess the fitness of the [...]
Its founder, Sigmund Freud's idea of the three systems of personality, the id, ego and superego being in constant battle within a person is likened to a person's continual debate of what is right and [...]
Much interest was centered on the BP-I disorder and the reasons for the ineligibility of subjects to meet the DSM-IV criteria for BP-I.
Changes experienced by females include; increase in the size of the breasts, swelling of the clitoris and inner lips of the vagina, the walls of the vagina also begin to swell and lubrication of the [...]
However, the success or otherwise of group dynamics is determined by many factors such as the large context of a country and its geographic features, the organization in which the group operates, the nature of [...]
This is because if a person is told to imagine something to remember some hidden memory, the person might imagine something that did not happen.
During this stage important cognitive processes take place and are fundamental towards the development of autobiographical memory in the infants. This help the infants to have important memory cues that form part of the autobiographical [...]
This is a growing concern for the healthy developmental objective of both men and women and there need to be a balance in the incorporation of this concerns.
Safety of the children is a priority, and the crisis management team ought to be trained on the identification of stress-induced symptoms in children as a result of a crisis.
The theories that are usually associated with infanticide in primates are the sexual selection hypothesis, the social pathology theory, the source of protein theory and the elimination-of-future-competitors theory.
I have experienced that the most favored solutions pertain to situations where the client is open to resourcefulness and motivation, which further depends on the competence level of the counselor or therapist and whether there [...]
He also urges society to rethink about the pattern of education that today's children are going through and to make them alive to emotional intelligence by way of brainstorming in the daily grind so that [...]
The SUPERGO instills morality to the child in accordance to the values of the society and persistently strives for faultlessness. The disadvantage of Erickson theory in relation to socialization is that there is Intra-family relationship [...]
It is also vital in the success of our career. This is because to be satisfied with a job we need to be internally satisfied but in order to perform the job well we need [...]
According to Kohlberg's gender identity development theory, "young children learn to understand about their gender and the meaning of being that gender in their each and everyday life".
In one way or the other, these dreams try to tell us about ourselves and also make us alert and aware of what lies in the future.
The weakness of the concept of Psycho-educational Program for Parents of Dysfunctional Backgrounds, as depicted by Fine in his book, is that the proposed solution of psycho-education can aid in reducing the violence in families [...]
The Freudian model of development perceives individual differences as a variable affecting the interplay of the organism and the environment. A new direction for further research on heritability and individual differences is to examine environmental [...]
This paper analyzes the skills, or personal capabilities, that contribute to positive social development in children, addressing the school and the family environment qualities that encourage or inhibit this development. A Teacher's Use of the [...]
The characteristics of this disorder are very specific and the experience described by the patients draws a strong picture of its reliability, and furthermore it would be absurd to think that the condition can be [...]
It therefore refers to an aspect that greatly contributes to the efficiency of the workforce in meeting personal and or organizational goals.
The volunteer coach helps the younger boys with their sports, or he may, more or less automatically, come to the charge of a house or form team, or he may by the same token find [...]
But nowadays, the issue of adulthood is gradually becoming one of the most important because the borders between adolescence and adulthood are not fixed which leads to the mixture of generations, and to the process [...]
The parents need to specify the target behaviors, reinforcements and applicable contingencies starting with the target behaviors that need to be changed and this is to influence Jane not to be spending most of her [...]
In response to this, the writer wishes to state that the purpose of this paper is to present a brief outline of anorexia and its causes to the millions of Americans out there without knowledge [...]