Harry Frankfurt made major contributions to the philosophy of action through the idea of guidance and objection to compatibilists' proposal about the incongruity of causal determinism and ethical accountability.
The last example that is the most common comes in the form of residences being haunted wherein objects all of the sudden move for no reason, broken glassware appears, doors open and close, noises can [...]
The behavior of Meursault proves he was an outsider to his own family since he never wanted to be involved in anything.
The Judeo-Christian religious tradition insists that it is necessary for the soul to be viewed as being in a constant fight with the body in an attempt to transcend the temptations of the flesh. The [...]
Some of his main achievements include the creation of the primary axiomatic system, the invention of the contemporary logic of quantification, and the definition of identity. In concluding the identity puzzle, Frege asserts that the [...]
This paper discusses how both Daoism and Legalism differ from Confucianism on the issues of family, human nature, education, role of ruler, role of government, and role of individual.
The dilemma in this dialogue is "whether God says actions or things are morally acceptable because they are naturally good, or such practices become moral because God appears to declare them to be ethical".
For example, Aristotle's work raises questions such as, "What is the purpose of human life?", "What is happiness?" and "Why do people do the things they do?" On the other hand, Plato's text raises questions [...]
Excellent activities for a philosophy day event include debates and dialogues among people from different cultures and races, lectures about the connection between philosophy and culture, philosophical debates and discussions on self-reliance and individualism, and [...]
Frege labels the identity that the name gives as the reference, and the thought that the word captures as the sense.
Lewis is curious about the origin of all these laws and norms, wondering about the reason why humans all of a sudden started to assume that their way of living and their behavior are not [...]
The inherent problem I have with Rorty in this article is the fact that the concept of a socially defined truth clashes with the changing nature of society and the potential for people to agree [...]
The utilitarian attitude towards rights is that the moral 'right' is built on the basis of utilitarian aspects, especially on the principle that seeks to reduce pain and suffering of living organisms.
Furthermore, Thrasymachus' interpretation of justice can undermine the efficiency of the state and deprive the elites of their credibility. This is one of the paradoxes that should be recognized, and Thrasymachus does not speak about [...]
It is the duty of elders to teach the young and it is the duty of the young to learn from elders.
With regards to the parable of the water snake, Buddha gives a story of young men brought up in good families. Buddha talks of the views to make Malunkyaputta understand his teachings better.
Spinoza affirms that while the philosophical interpretation of the scripture assumes that God/nature is supreme, the religious interpretation assumes that the universe is comprised of two powers: God's power as a person/king and the natural [...]
However, the goal is to show that individuals do not have the right to do whatever they deem right even if it does not interfere with other people's peace of mind.
Utilitarianism can be explained using the principle of 'the end justifies the means', meaning if the end of a processor action is good, then the means of arriving at that end are also good and [...]
Socrates' friends requested him to accept the charges, as they were willing to pay the expected fines, but he refused and insisted that he was ready to die for the sake of justice.
In his argument, the writer notes that the Internet is taking over the human mind. The audience is also able to relate the issues in the argument with the effects caused by computers.
Aquinas focuses on the intentions of an actor as a basis on which the determination of the level of the permissibility of an action that results in serious harm is made.
The other strength of deontology based on the thesis by Ross is the distinction of moral obligations of agents in any given action.
Consequentialism is a concept in normative ethics that opines that the goodness or badness of an action is determined by the impacts of the action and not the motive of the doer.
Socrates' argument is largely based on the premise that a citizen accepts the laws adopted in the society and should not resist the decisions of the state represents the interest of the community.
That being the case, "cultural relativism" is a concept that sees everything to be right or wrong depending on the idea of "cultural expression".
The two philosophers studied emotions to determine some of the common causes of this mental state, and the events that take place in the mind before one becomes emotional.
Hume disqualifies the existence of miracles, as the Christian religion is weaker and more insubstantial as compared to the evidence that comes with one's experience.
In his arguments, he emphasizes that since God is described to have power over everything that exists; he would not sit by and watch as evil deeds happen in different places.
In the second case, he used the example of the three words and explained that they have the same cognitive value.
The validity of this suggestion can be illustrated, in regards to the referential sentences "the country that is being the most committed to promoting the cause of democracy in the world", on one hand, and [...]
The notion that fat people are lazy is because many of them avoid doing activities that would require them to spend a lot of energy and movement. In many cases, the speed of fat people [...]
Spinoza believed that since everything in the universe is in existence due to the power of God, it is unlikely to find something that is lacking anything.
Mills' book explores the political philosophy of the social contract."The Racial contract" was published at the end of the twentieth century, and it investigates the issue of racial relations in the world over 500 years.
The quote selected suggests that "...one of the biggest flaws in the common conception of the future is that the future is something that happens to us, not something we create".
As much as there are different definitions of the word philosophy, nobody can underestimate the importance that it has in our society. Ethics is a branch of philosophy that explains the nature of rights and [...]
Thus, Frankl claimed, "there are two races of men in this world, but only these two the "race" of the decent man and the "race" of the indecent man".
The message the speaker was communicating to the audience struck me as familiar; I had a feeling that I had heard it from the same venue before.
Among the phenomena that science has not been able to give a satisfactory explanation is the question of the origin of life.
There is another very interesting quote related to the definition of good music, namely, the Athenian stranger points out that the best music is the one that "pleases the man who is distinguished in virtue [...]
An example that can be cited for this is that if John, who is a child, has always been told that babies come from heaven, this is the knowledge that he believes is true.
In the Garden of Eden, the Adam and Eve had the freedom to eat of any tree except the tree in the center of the garden.
The major theme of the passage becomes evident in Simplicio's first comment, and it is the contradictory nature of human understanding.
In some sense, Buddhism owes the given specifics to the fact that it is composed of life experiences and revelations of a number of people, Jiddu Krishnamurti being one of them.
While Anselm and Wager are major proponents of the ontological argument, Hume and Kant are some of the opponents of the ontological argument. Ontological argument is a controversial argument that supports the existence of God.
Rene Descartes is one of the most influential philosophers of the last few centuries, especially in relation to the study of origin and existence of mankind.
According to the extant literature, this is a response to the experience of the global water crisis. In this case, there is the tendency to exploit in the selling of water, and the positions are [...]
Thus, the time travel can lead to the intolerable and even threatening consequences because of influencing the principle of the cause and effect in relation to the past and future, and as a result, the [...]
Despite the fact that God and the Evil are traditionally opposed in Christianity, the only possible way of handling the evil should be viewed through the reconciliation of the two, since the former, as the [...]
According to the rules by Jesus, there is no need of fixing rules to guide moral judgments because when people are guided by love for each other they do the right things.
Schnell and Steger, Frazier, Oishi and Kaler observed that one critical aspect of the well-being of people in the society, which comes out in the humanistic theories that are utilized in counselling psychology, is people's [...]
Indeed, just as societies have different frameworks for assessing the ethical or moral implications of their actions, it is equally important to acknowledge that these ethical and moral actions are also subject to time adjustments.
Because the process contains an assumption and it happens to be the end result, it does not mean that it is universal and can be applied to all situations and the definitions of knowledge.
Some claim that since clones are created in a laboratory with the help of specific tools and with the number of certain genes, they cannot be regarded as humans. In conclusion, it is necessary to [...]
The essence of knowledge management is to help the firm be able to retrieve this information to help it in its future management.
As he tried to enlighten the people, Athenians leaders observed that Socrates was spoiling the minds of the youths, and thus guilty of using his philosophies inappropriately.
According to him, man is naturally violent, and thus, there is a need for the establishment of an authoritative government in the form of a monarchy to check and contain the violent nature of man.
It is also important to note that these group of theorists also believed in the fact that people are selfish. On the contrary, Locke believed in a rational man, even though he could be selfish [...]
The Athenian's contribution to the 'would be' laws of the new city is impressive to the Spartan and the Cretan and they therefore recommend him to be part of the team founding the new city [...]
The theory is the opposite of utilitarianism in the sense that it considers both the means and the end, as opposed to utilitarianism which focuses only on the end.
They are only allowed to participate in activities that do not contradict the interests and wishes of men. All people are the same and are supposed to exist freely in society.
In this regard, he posits that it is only possible to reflect on the nature of the body by first establishing the order of reflection. He therefore claims that the body is in the order [...]
Khun introduced the concept of "paradigm shift" in mainstream science by suggesting that scientific models undergo paradigm shifts and therefore, the notion that scientific models develop in a linear manner is untrue. After weighing the [...]
However, merely being able to relate to nature is not enough to become a truly Confucian ideal of a person; according to the postulates of the teacher, one has to reach the state of a [...]
The idea of neo-Confucianism is to promote healthy interactions between the culture of China and other cultures interplaying in the modern world.
If it were the laws of the cities, then what would be the perception of the dwellers of the cities towards Socrates?
If the action would receive disapproval from other people, Kantian ethics dictate that a leader should not make such a decision besides it is important to ponder on whether the course of action respects the [...]
The foremost characteristic of post-industrial living is the fact that; whereas, the exponential progress in the fields of informational technology and genetics had left very little room for monotheistic religion in the minds of most [...]
The main idea of the essay is to define the Taoism relation to objectivity and subjectivity, to apply the philosophy to how individuals should live, to relate it to nature.
Doing this is not always a smooth sailing all the way, much of the thoughts and beliefs one has, are usually fixed or definite by the time they get to adulthood.
The paradigm of decision-making mentioned above promotes change in my personal and professional life, as it helps identify the effects of a certain step that will be made in the foreseeable future.
In a nutshell, The Sense of Antirationalsm is an exemplary work of literature that gives the study of comparative religious studies a new approach.
In addition, the article reveals that the concepts of 'the right to be sure that' and 'has adequate evidence for' only work if the element of 'justified true belief' is not introduced in an analysis.
From this point, the purpose of this research paper is to evaluate the current debates on the acceptability of using quantitative and qualitative methodologies and to discuss the possibility of creating the effective integrated inquiry [...]
In "The Apology" by Plato, the characterization of Socrates is tied to the fact that the setting of the book was Socrates' execution.
The readings that will be discussed in this paper illustrate the diversity of this movement and their importance for different cultures.
Plato believed that presenting the teachings in the form of dialogues was the best way of documenting the teachings of Socrates for the benefit of the future generations.
John Locke, who was also widely regarded as the inventor of classical liberalism, was thought of as one of the most known intellectuals of enlightenment.
The concept of rebirth is also absent in Daoism and individuals are asked to lead a life that is in harmony with nature.
The current paper is a critical analysis of the controversy surrounding the issue of human dignity and bioethics. On the contrary, it is the ability of the individual and the society in general to set [...]
Perception is the central issue in understanding the theory of direct realism, therefore, it is important to keep in mind the central aspects of this notion and only then try to understand the theory of [...]
For this reason, all men in the society are required to assist the authorities in the administration of the state. To a Confucian, the state is the guardian of every individual, and should be protected.
With the above highlights on postmodern plural approach to religion and Ratzinger's "dictatorship of relativism," the paper confirms that indeed it is true that postmodern and plural approach to religion lead to a dictatorship of [...]
According to Burrington, Socrates was to attend a court hearing in which Meletus accuses him of distracting the attention of young people from believing in the gods that the state religion recognizes.
Moreover, the shift to the new paradigm means significant changes in the scientists' perception of the world, and in their scientific 'imagination'; thus, the focus on the new paradigm means changes in the scientists' world [...]
This does not mean that the views of the opponent are rubbished away since they could be used to supplement or even compliment the views of the peer believed to be accurate.
The existence of disagreements is also justified by the fact that there can be a possibility of people arguing on the basis of divided evidence but have multiple choices in place leading to mutually appreciable [...]
The concept ideas of the state of nature, law of nature, civil state and common good were discussed by Lock in his works.
The 'Allegory of the cave' and 'You, Screws' are two metaphors that different authors have used to show some similarity in the way people think and limit themselves to view the world and reality as [...]
The issue of space is more complex to determine than that of time. The issue of objective perception of time and space should be discouraged since it is likely to encourage diversity in perception and [...]
While this was a problem to that person, it educated the rest of the people on the dangers of drug use.
Locke therefore argues that the real essence is reliant on the nominal essence as it is from the nominal essence that the qualities that define the particular object are derived.
To use Hick's allegations on the existence of evil as a plan of God is confusing to Christians. It is in this view that Hick traces back the reason of sinning to God.
In spite of the fact, objecting the position of Clifford, the person can support James's views, and objecting the position of James, the person can discuss Clifford's ideas as relevant, it is possible to provide [...]
In this view, this essay seeks to investigate the reality in the meaning and the notion of the word "realism" as described by Paul Berman.
In the foreword, there is useful discussion on the value of natural resources to mankind and how the loss of species will diminish the value of the planet.
This paper contains a description of the proceedings of the trial, explanations of Socrates' unofficial accusations, the official charges against him by Meletus and his corresponding responses, and a discussion of the verdict of his [...]
The woman is in bad faith as she tries to focus on desirable points ignoring the truth. This is the choice people are wouldoomed' to make.
Thesis: In spite of the fact that the discussion of this controversial issue can be considered as open, it is possible to refer to the analysis of Quine-Duhem Thesis and to the conclusions made by [...]
This is the purification that comes from the separation of the soul and body. The hindrance to the realization of the true virtue is corrupted by the body and its elements.
Even though she is capable of causing harm to the baby, it will not be justified at all because human beings have a conscious and that is what sets us apart from the rest of [...]
The use of "of course" indicates that this is an absolute truth when in reality it is the writer's opinion. A monarch is obligated to facilitate the rest of the monarchy's knowledge process.
The data used serve as evidence and are based on to confirm hypothesis. Both data and observations are based on to confirm hypothesis thus theories must meet the consistency condition as well as the other [...]
It is inconceivable that pastors preach the word of God with respect to the life of Jesus Christ. It is imperative to reduce the rate of death and crying mouths in the world.
Keeping law and order is thus essential in addition to evading things that are considered to be against the prospects of the society so as to be just, a virtue encouraged by Aristotle.
Berkeley supports the view of the matrix hypothesis that human beings are in a matrix and disputes the view that the matrix hypothesis is skeptical using the idealism of reality.
While solipsism focuses on the power of the mind, solitude defines the state of the surrounding, which the mind is allowed to perceive and discern.
In the development of curriculum, there has to provision for learners to make use of their experiences and come to the knowledge of things.
This means that philosophy is practiced in real life by the believer of the philosophy. In the analysis of the prophet and the dandy, two philosophers are considered.
Instead he or she is more interested in seeing the logical inconsistencies of life and the paradoxes of people's behavior. On the whole, one should not assume that S ren Kierkegaard is altogether critical of [...]
Despair is what is referred to as sickness unto death in the life of a Christian. The recognition of the existence of God and self is the immunity to despair.
The heavenly love is the best form of love and involves honoring one's partner intelligence and wisdom. This aspect of the soul according to Plato is most dominant in the artisans, the workers and slaves.
Thus, it is logical for the aesthete to choose the aesthetic way of life and the ethicist to choose the ethical way of life.
Happiness is about embracing the smallest of happiness in the present without interrupting it with memories of the past and using it to cultivate more and more happiness.
A recent example of the concerned controversy surrounding the use of the name as a logo is that of the North Dakota team together with the NCAA.
Theism is the belief in the existence of one God who is the creator of mankind. This 'something' is God's supernatural abilities that explain the cause of everything that exits in the universe.
The main goal of this age was to encourage reforms in the society by embracing the concept of reasoning and acquisition of knowledge through science.
The simple version of the theory is that a predicate is true because of the existence of the subject. Therefore once predicate and subject are linked, the statement becomes true without any attempt to rationalize [...]
Hobbes' school of thought believes that the political authority is sovereign to the populations, thus should remain obedient and fearful to the authority in order to enjoy the services of the ruling class.
In Kant's own words, "Autonomy of the will is the property that the will has of being a law to itself.[Morality] is the relation of actions to the autonomy of the will [...].