Philosophy Essay Examples and Topics. Page 5

The ethics in Kantianism are deontological in nature which is based on the duty of the person instead of the emotional feelings and the goals.

The disparity between the issues of legal political obligation and moral obligation makes it hard for liberal political theorists to analyze the natural duty and the moral basis of any person's submission to his or [...]

The purpose of this essay is to consider the Euthyphro dilemma and what problem it poses for the Divine Command Theory.

If the mind does not need the physical body to exist, it means that the state of unconsciousness due to injuries and other objective reasons is impossible.

However, when it comes to Heraclitus, he believes that fire is the principle of all that exists. In addition to that, Heraclitus further develops his idea by mentioning that the existence of fire is commensurate [...]

According to Locke, a person can claim the right to own some land if the individual is ready to make this part of the world flourish.

The fact is that the author is concerned with the search of specific relations between natural sciences and society, the social law in accordance to which it functions, and the nature of particular processes.

The philosopher's inquiry into the nature of human morality was closely tied to the examination of how one could live his or her life in the most fulfilling manner.

The importance of the given phenomenon can be evidenced by the fact that there have always been multiple attempts to determine beauty and introduce a sample that could be followed.

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the discussion by attempting to give an insight into what constitutes moral and immoral behavior as well as the relationship that exists between morality and religion.

In addition to that, the appearance of coinage in Greece at that time also contributed to the birth of this study.

The problem of Gettier is that such factors as the existence of a particular belief, as well as the truth of the proposition, do not reach universality and concreteness as it encounters counterexamples demonstrating the [...]

To support his claims, the intellectual compares the qualities of mind and body and deduces that they cannot be the same thing since the body is divisible and mind is whole.

The philosophy of empowerment supports dignity and self-worth; as such, value to all people, regardless of their status or race is an important rule of empowerment.

I believe that it is the moral and social obligation of the government to work towards decreasing the income inequality that exists between the rich and the poor in society.

As a result, the way people understand and perceive reality is also a part of the process of reality formation. Thus, Descartes premises on the idea that thinking is the evidence of existence.

According to it, the individuals should act in such a way that the maxim of their action could be related to the universal law of morality.

The conceptual relationship between the stories of Broyard and Toews should not be limited to the meaning of life but expanded to the feeling of inevitability that is depicted in different ways, the intentions to [...]

Therefore, the original ideas and thoughts of Taoism are believed to have influenced the development of Zen Buddhism in China. This discussion shows clearly that emptiness in Buddhism points to dependent origination as the true [...]

As such, in order to understand the value of philosophy to the society, it is important to consider what the focus of philosophy as a study is.

According to the author, the proposed method can offer practical solutions to the nine problems. The book argues that the main disquiet of philosophy is to offer questions and respond to them.

In Plato's opinion, because the guardian class would be the judge of the people, there would be no need for laws, and this would make it easier to run the city.

Since overcoming the adverse effects of such a phenomenon is beyond the capacity of human beings, the presence of horrendous evil signifies the inconsistency of optimism as a viable, sustainable posture in life and demands [...]

When speaking on the topic of life, and the importance of vital values for oneself, one cannot avoid mentioning the era of enlightenment and the legendary German philosopher, Immanuel Kant.

Rene Descartes, a French philosopher and the founder of the mathematical rationalism, was one of the prominent figures in the field of philosophy of the 17th century.

The philosopher defines God and the creator's responsibilities in the text of the Republic: The creator is real and the opposite of evil.

Chinese calligraphy is one of the premier practices of Chinese art and is considered an essential feature of Chinese culture. The beauty of calligraphy is realized only when we combine the expressions of the words [...]

This is done so that in the end there is a way that the individual can be able to conquer or attain the trust of the other party.

A good life and what constitutes it is an omnipresent ideal always bringing into the focus a key question what is the meaning of life.

Instead, it underlined the logical explanations of the world existence as well as attempted to ground the idea of reality processes as the evictions of changing procedures in a never-changing space.

The two issues that are outlined in the book are the definitions of justice and the reasons of being just. Although Thrasymachus stated that this was his explanation of justice, it was not truly intended [...]

Although both viewpoints seem very legitimate, Hobbes's idea that the state of nature is the state of war and, therefore, all people are free to pursue their desires, is more credible, seeing how in nature, [...]

I will also aim to explore the validity of a suggestion that, while pointing out that no one is wiser than Socrates, the Oracle of Delphi meant to say that people are being just as [...]

For example, if you are faced with a gang of hoodlums who want to kill you and the only option you have is killing one of them to escape, then the "ethics of emergencies" allow [...]

Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics is one of the ethical writings that have spurred understanding of ethics of work place relations. A critical discussion in the Nicomachean Ethics provided by Aristotle is the argument and conversation over [...]

The right to success is personal and largely depends on the determination of the individual these are the views of Alain.

What it means is that there can be no 'things in themselves', in the Kantian sense of this word, by definition according to Hegel, there is no any metaphysical gap between the idea's actualization and [...]

One of the most important problems in philosophy is the ultimate nature of reality and the relationships of its spiritual and material constituents.

He shows that the truth is the primary value in people's lives, and wrongful people do not have the right to live.

Tian is one of the most important concepts in his teachings, and it symbolizes heaven. This story is about a disciple of Confucius asking Daoists for help that was later reported to the teacher.

The article "The Problem of Evil and Some Varieties of Atheism" gives a powerful argument to support the ideas of atheism based on the existence of evil.

The structure of this paper analyzes the service to God and the perception of the afterlife, as highlights of the differences and similarities about the Christian and Islamic perceptions of life.

Consequentialism is a concept in normative ethics that opines that the goodness or badness of an action is determined by the impacts of the action and not the motive of the doer.

In his arguments, he emphasizes that since God is described to have power over everything that exists; he would not sit by and watch as evil deeds happen in different places.

It is the epitome of thinking and as it was described by the London times, "the great virtue of philosophy is that it teaches not what to think, but how to think".

Schnell and Steger, Frazier, Oishi and Kaler observed that one critical aspect of the well-being of people in the society, which comes out in the humanistic theories that are utilized in counselling psychology, is people's [...]

According to him, man is naturally violent, and thus, there is a need for the establishment of an authoritative government in the form of a monarchy to check and contain the violent nature of man.

The sensitivity of the information that is collected in the process of grounded theory research determines the applicability of the developed concepts.

The concept of rebirth is also absent in Daoism and individuals are asked to lead a life that is in harmony with nature.

With the above highlights on postmodern plural approach to religion and Ratzinger's "dictatorship of relativism," the paper confirms that indeed it is true that postmodern and plural approach to religion lead to a dictatorship of [...]

The concept ideas of the state of nature, law of nature, civil state and common good were discussed by Lock in his works.

The woman is in bad faith as she tries to focus on desirable points ignoring the truth. This is the choice people are wouldoomed' to make.

Berkeley supports the view of the matrix hypothesis that human beings are in a matrix and disputes the view that the matrix hypothesis is skeptical using the idealism of reality.

The idea of fleeing the real world that is habitable in the thinking of man, to the desert preoccupied by fear, dangers and uncertainty refers to the need for independence of the spirit.

The simple version of the theory is that a predicate is true because of the existence of the subject. Therefore once predicate and subject are linked, the statement becomes true without any attempt to rationalize [...]

In pages 37-62, John Locke discusses the necessity of toleration in relation to different religious views accepted in the society and focuses on the idea to distinguish between the civil jurisdiction and religion.

Religious leaders also pray for the body and the soul of the dead but lay a lot of emphasis on the soul.

Philosophical Thinking of Technology Heidegger claims that it is not a surprise to humans that anything which is often taken for granted will become a significant basis of alarm; that is, what seems to be [...]

This essay aims to analyze Happiness, what makes happiness special to people, the meaning of it and the essence of it. The second happiness is a general consensus about the goodness of your life at [...]

The theological claim that the nature and purpose of humanity precedes the human creation and existence forms the basis of Sartre's description of the human condition.

As the sense of independent and development sunk in peoples mind, the aspect of communism disintegrated and in its place individualism and the sense of "I" was adopted that is embraced world-wide.

In philosophical terms, the concept of matter advances the fact that all things are made up of matter and all thoughts are created as a result of the interaction of matter.

He makes out the poor application of rhetoric as a style and the incoherence of ideas in the body of the anecdote.

The difference in the approaches assumed by Kant and Rousseau regarding the norms of liberty and moral autonomy determine the perspective of their theories of justice.

The arguments were mainly based on the idea that the perception for an object was in the perceiver and not the object.

Because of his freedom the free man gets the privilege of comparing the two worlds and he is in a position to judge on what is real and what is not real. He insists that [...]

From this point, beauty can be discussed as the attribute of things and as the independent form, and deja vu is the example of the reality as illusion because the life is only the reflection [...]

The article situates the reasoning of Hegel in two articles, one being the Second Sex by Simone and the other is the modern woman as a subject by Fanon.

In addition, I believe that Hobbes intended to put moral and political philosophy onto the scientific basis to attain knowledge and to illustrate his findings to others. By studying the behavior of individuals in this [...]

Their views are mostly similar, agreeing on the concept that morality is a necessary part of human life and it should be guiding the actions and thoughts of every person. Immanuel Kant's theory is that [...]

Though called 'apology' by Plato, the speech is not actually an apology- Socrates was attempting use his wisdom to justify his teachings and beliefs, and not to apologize for his actions.[2] First, his concise and [...]

Paley based his argument on the complex nature of the watch and magnified the reasoning in regards to the designing of the universe and its complex organisms.

The major difference between good morality and bad morality according to Nietzsche is that good morality is connected to nobility and bad morals are linked to the common man and simplicity.

God exists as it is the beginning of everything, as God is necessary just for the personal existence and this is the beginning of other issues which may be possibly exist or not as well [...]

The main aim of Moore's essay is to explain that if there are some reasons not to believe that external objects exist; the author is to convince people of physical things existence before they understand [...]

His appeal is on behalf of not just the unsuccessful and downtrodden but of the criminal and degraded classes and a condemnation of what passes for 'justice', divine and human.

Divine command theory is based on the idea that God is the determinant of right and wrong behavior. It is wrong for believers to say that the commandments given by God are arbitrary because He [...]

Socrates advocated the idea that justice was good, and that meant that injustice was equal to evil. The point he makes here is that justice is the cure for evil, and that a man who [...]

Therefore, it is important to first respect the rights of others, as according to the letter of the law, and then to promote one's beliefs in a non violent manner in order to promote democratic [...]

Rawls asserts that for equality to take place, the activities have to better lives of people who are worse off in terms of improvement of living standards and empowerment of disadvantaged members to levels which [...]

The free-will defense as a response to the logical problem of evil will also be covered in the essay as well as how the free-will response demonstrates the existence of evil to be logically inconsistent [...]

Kant's moral philosophy holds that the final result of an action has no value; the value of an action lies on the motivation behind it.

Justice, which is suitable for the constitution of the country, is also beneficial to the people. The Plato's theory of justice tries to balance what people and societies practice."Justice is the good of another".

The purpose of this paper is to analyze critically the concept of the sublime as presented by Immanuel Kant in his work 'The Critique of Judgment'.

On the other hand, religion has maintained that the soul is immortal and survives the death of the body. Plato argued that the soul is immortal and therefore survives the death of the body.

In general, the Descartes' philosophy is linked to the church's connotation of the most significant part of an individual's body, which is acknowledged as existent, even after the end of physical life.

Therefore, the value of education in the allegory can be seen through the illusion of reality, the transformative power of knowledge, and the responsibility to share knowledge, all of which are shown through the example [...]

The first argument can be evaluated using affirming the consequence, which has a certain formula: Premise #1: If A, then B.

Popper's principle of demarcation represents his understanding of the specifics of science and is a topic for a broad discourse. To conclude, Karl Popper's demarcation principle is based on the purpose of scientific theories.

Plato was a Greek philosopher who established the Platonist school and founded the Academy in Athens, the first Western institution of higher learning.

The weakness of this doctrine is that the happiness of the people is in the hands of the ruling class, which tends to default and exploit ordinary people.

The central claim made by Epicurus in his work is that happiness is the only pleasure in life, which is mainly connected with the avoidance of both mental and physical pain.

Rousseau and Mill were political philosophers with interest in understanding what entailed individual freedom. This paper compares Rousseau’s idea of individual freedom with Mill’s idea.

David Hume, a Scottish philosopher and historian, developed a theory of aesthetics that takes art and standards of taste in mind.

However, if one refers to the categorical imperative of Kantian, the position against abortion is more ethical and convincing, as it recognizes the fetus's value and right to life.

Regardless of cultural trends, the views and positions of representatives of different eras can have similar features, which manifests itself both in everyday affairs and in the context of attitudes toward high matters.

Their discussion sheds light on the differences between the medical and sociological models of disability, as well as the minority status of people with disabilities.

Further, the concern is found in the fact that there are some major drawbacks of anger, including the tendency to cling to another's anger, refuting attempts to reconcile, apologize, or restitute, and the tendency to [...]

This paper evaluates Plato's Republic to show how the differentiation between justice and injustice, the worth of a successful beginning, and the exchange of knowledge through education contribute to creating the perfect Kallipolis.

In deontology, the outcomes and consequences may not justify the means to achieve a goal, while in consequentialism, the results determine the means, and significant benefit is expected for the greatest possible number of people.

The pieces conclude the impact of the discussed issues on the real world and, therefore, I agree with Strauss' point about the necessity of researching Plato's works to understand a general meaning of philosophy.

Aristotle's concept of happiness is an expression of virtue that is similar to the flow state, happiness is a combination of the baseline level where basic needs are fulfilled and a broader area managed by [...]

God's intervention in history means for most biblical authors that the will of God ultimately determines the course of events, and human freedom is manifested in the fact that he either accepts this will of [...]

Aristotle also states that the disposition that is acquired through the constant repetition of virtuous deeds and the development of habit is the basis of human action.

Foot argues that morality should be presented as a system of hypothetical imperatives due to the fact that morality does not differ from anything else, for example, etiquette.

First of all, Plato created the people in the cave captives in order to rhetorically appeal to the audience's emotions and arouse the sensations that already exist in them, which, of course, already produces an [...]

He speaks of the complete difference between the mind and body, which implies that the body is divisible and the mind is not because the activity of the latter cannot be explained by mechanical principles.

The Genesis section of the Bible is dedicated to the contextual history of the creation of the world. With the idyllic life of the first human pair in gardens of Eden begins perhaps the most [...]

The theory of rational egoism developed by Ayn Rand seems an optimal approach to the resolution of personal and societal issues from the moral perspective despite the presence of contradicting opinions in this regard.

Nevertheless, the fact remains undeniable that Socrates significantly influenced both his modernity and the future development of society, demonstrating his unsurpassed oratory, proposing his method of refuting statements, and making his splendid contribution to the [...]

People's moral beliefs of what is good and what is bad is a construction of the knowledge that was obtained from other people of the same society as children learning from the parents.

So, it is morally permissible to throw the switch because the death of one person is less of a loss than the death of five.

This approach is titled particularism, and, in the current essay, I attempt to justify this principle in the context of moral dilemmas and demonstrate how this perspective expands the ethical understanding of the subject.

The function of religion is, in my opinion, closely related to people's need to have a major set of moral guidelines, making individuals more confident and satisfied and societies more viable.

Then Moore identifies how the human/nature binary, inherent to the approach, has separated humanity from the web of life and become integral to the current public conversations about the environment. In conclusion, the essay re-contextualizes [...]

While its roots go back to Ancient Greece and Rome, natural law has remained a part of modern history.[1] In particular, the rise of Christianity contributed to the evolution of natural and revealed law and [...]

This is considered as the way a particular feeling or notion is portrayed The recommendation of action to another person is not an ethical thing to be performed in that this has to totally embrace [...]

This power can be presented as the compressive force of the university contributing to the return of all pleats of the matter to the surrounded area.

The next step on the way to happiness is the loss of hope, and the experience of Meursault is the evidence of it.

The ability to wonder about the world and construct these enduring questions is the first trait a philosopher should have. The presence of the Socratic Method, which is asking questions to improve conclusions and general [...]