Philosophy Essay Examples and Topics. Page 8

2,053 samples

“The Theory of Complex Phenomena” by F. von Hayek

The fact is that the author is concerned with the search of specific relations between natural sciences and society, the social law in accordance to which it functions, and the nature of particular processes.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Science
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 565

Beauty as a Philosophical Concept

The importance of the given phenomenon can be evidenced by the fact that there have always been multiple attempts to determine beauty and introduce a sample that could be followed.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 289

Immanuel Kant’s Life and Philosophy

Immanuel Kant is considered the most influential philosopher of the Age of Enlightenment and one of the greatest Western thinkers of all times.
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1230

Prejudices in “Ethics” by Spinoza

The argument against this prejudice is that people are ignorant and do not realize that there are certain reasons for their desires.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 277

Human vs. Divine Ego: What Is the Difference?

Divine ego is part of the mind that reacts to reality by deciding on what options to take in response to life experiences. Human beings, therefore, need to have faith in the Almighty.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 261

The Philosophy of Mohist Consequentialism

The consequentialist ethic of Mohism gave the definite characterization of what was considered to be the benefits as opposed to the harms. According to Mohism, without the institution of the government, there was no such [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 617

Philosophy: First Meditation of René Descartes

In doing this, he sets out on a planned course; to recall all he had believed as true, examine the reasons that made him doubt them, and to consider what to continue believing.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1703

Scientific Progress and Truth Seeking

The first approach is the epistemic view which considers knowledge to be crucial for humanity in the understanding of the progress.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Science
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 899

The Doctrine of Negative Responsibility

According to it, the individuals should act in such a way that the maxim of their action could be related to the universal law of morality.
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1450

“Open Boat” and “To Build A Fire” Comparison

Similar to the theme of natural forces, in 'The Open Boat,' Crane describes the plight of four men who have been shipwrecked and are isolated on the ocean in a tiny dinghy.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 304

The Mystery of Legal Failure

This is because of the wrong attitudes in the society which are mainly caused by the failure of the legal system.
  • Subjects: Law Philosophy
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 985

Contextualism in Theory of Knowledge

The knowledge people perceive and present as the truth might be argued from the perspective of the context or situation in which the information is uttered.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Science
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 320

Ontology and Epistemology in Leadership Research

In the frames of this research on leadership as a practice, it is impossible to clarify what has been already known, what could be expected, and what lessons could be offered. It is a practice [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Science
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1406

Classical Example of a Jerk

Being a jerk means being disrespectful to the needs of other people, and the opinion of Polemarchus proves that it has nothing to do with justice.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 999

Civil Liberties vs Security

However, can these theories explain the increasing number of state terrorism, use of torture to counter terrorism, and curtailing of liberty in the name of counterintelligence? The problem man faced in the state of nature, [...]
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1739

Morality of Friedrich Nietzsche and Alasdair MacIntyre

Self-deception is the nature of moral judgments because relying on a set of rules that is universal for everyone, regardless of how limiting, presupposes the control over the people's actions and the security of the [...]
  • 5
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1813

“Walled States, Waning Sovereignty” by Wendy Brown

This book is about the classical and the present political theories of national sovereignty, which are meant to understand the ways in which states power and their national identity persevere in conjunction with the declines.
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2223

Puzzles in Plato’s Philosophical Work

Therefore, to conclusively draw his philosophical views, it is paramount that we take what the characters say to represent Plato's stance and view of the world.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 805

State Power in Machiavelli’s and Jefferson’s Views

One of his most recognized works is "The Prince," a political treatise of the 16th-century Italy that is known to give the start to a direct conflict between the Catholic Church and scholarly doctrines.
  • 5
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1455

D. Hume’s Identity Theory and I. Kant’s Response

It is imperative to mention that the discussion of the human mind has led to many disagreements among thinkers, and the difference between the theories that they propose is rather significant.
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 836

Descartes’ and Buddhist Ideas of Self-Existence

It is the assumption of this paper that Descartes' perspective and the teachings of Buddha on the self are inherently incompatible due to their different perspectives on what constitutes "the self".
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 873

Ethical Theories and Christian Tradition

As for the Deontology theory, its primary absolute is the proposition that rules and obligations define the morality of various actions as perceived by people.
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 592

Ethical Naturalism in Hursthouse’s “On Virtue Ethics”

Thus, Hursthouse's approach to discussing the ethically relevant aspects in the life of human beings with the focus on ethical naturalism is convincing because the philosopher assumes the difference in people who can be good [...]
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 889

Consequentialism and Human Rights

Ethics is a moral code that governs the behavior or conduct of an activity."Ethics is thus said to be the science of conduct".
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 862

Religious Pluralism and Tolerance

Therefore, it is possible to state that all religions have the same goal though they may have different tools to achieve it but people should embrace the idea of religious pluralism, as it will enable [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1399

Ethics Types, Differences, Applications

To be more particular about the two types above of ethics, virtue ethics can be defined as the type of ethics that "focuses on the character traits and nonobligatory ideas that facilitate the development of [...]
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 856

Rawls and Marx on Distributive Justice

However, the real issue here is whether the resources that are produced in the society can be shared equally among the members of the society because of the nature and orientation of people in the [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1152

Altruism in Andrew Carnegie’s Life

This is one of the points that can be made. The main issue is that a person can combine two forms of behavior.
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 565

Meditations on First Philosophy by Descartes

That is why, one of the main ideas of this section is the importance of intellect and thinking for a human being and his/her understanding of the nature of things.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1389

Humanist Manifesto III: Philosophical Analysis

The life and people started to be studied from the perspective of science, not from the religious point of view. This was the period when the meaning and power of critical thinking started to be [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 565

Neoliberalism: An Interview with David Harvey

In the second article entitled Neoliberalism as Creative Destruction by David Harvey, the author is quite categorical that neoliberalism "is a theory of political economic practices". To begin with, it is apparent that the media [...]
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 645

The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas by Ursula Le Guin

For example, in the first paragraph, the narrator depicts the serenity that is characteristic of the city in the morning. As the story unfolds, the narrator delineates the reason behind the child's suffering, thereby giving [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 824

“The Critique of Pure Reason” by Immanuel Kant

Specifically, the philosopher's idea of metaphysics is described through the review of the scientist's work, The Critique of Pure Reason. Thus, it is claimed that the idea of autonomy concern that was made in the [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 827

John Hick Philosophy: Evil and Soul-Making

In the entire essay, Hick attempts to justify the existence of sin in the world. From the reasoning of Hick, the relationship between God and human beings is compared to the relationship between a child [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 838

Socrates’ Views on Life

He shows that the truth is the primary value in people's lives, and wrongful people do not have the right to live.
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 859

Plato, the Philosopher: His Life and Times

He could have attained the name because of the nature of his forehead or because of his extensive knowledge. Due to the wealth and political influence of his family, his father gave him the best [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 818

Aristotle’s Ideologies Application in Practices

The ideologies of philosophers have influenced the world and changed the perception and attitudes of people toward various issues. The peculiarity and popularity of Aristotle's philosophy of life makes it easy for it to be [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2198

Philosopher Socrates and the Power of Doubt

The life of Socrates is explained in the conversation between Plato and Xenophon and also in theater performances of Aristophanes. Additionally, Socrates is perceived to be the artist who designed the statue of the three [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1310

Whistleblowing as a Critical Thinking Skill

Whistleblowing is defined as "having four component parts: 1) an individual acts with the intention of making information public; 2) the information is conveyed to parties outside the organization who make it public and a [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1441

Philosophy: What Is Confucianism?

Confucius taught that the role of the elders is to teach the youth and the role of the youth is to learn from the elders.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2791

Philosophy Issues: Utilitarianism or Deontology?

Regardless of the extent to which some people are opposed to the applications of moral principles, which should be consistent with the scriptures of God, they are used to produce the best results in communities.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1118

Inductive Reasoning: “Which Stooge Are You” by Ron Geraci

Instead, the best understanding of inductive reasoning, along with the various kinds of logic commonly referred to as inductive, enables the reader to assess the characters of the three stooges critically and develop the essay [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 602

The Ontological Argument for the Existence of God

Kant's objection to the ontological argument stems from his view of the concept that a being that is conceived in the human mind, and which exists in the real world, is superior to an idea [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2858

Beauty and Deja Vu

The message the speaker was communicating to the audience struck me as familiar; I had a feeling that I had heard it from the same venue before.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1377

Xunzi’s Conceptions of Human Nature

In the Garden of Eden, the Adam and Eve had the freedom to eat of any tree except the tree in the center of the garden.
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1455

Creating the Meaning of Life

Schnell and Steger, Frazier, Oishi and Kaler observed that one critical aspect of the well-being of people in the society, which comes out in the humanistic theories that are utilized in counselling psychology, is people's [...]
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1717

“The Laws” by Plato

The Athenian's contribution to the 'would be' laws of the new city is impressive to the Spartan and the Cretan and they therefore recommend him to be part of the team founding the new city [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1221

Modern Science and the Creation Story

To establish the reason for the many scientific researches on the origin of the universe, it is prudent to explain the theory all works of science seem to tear apart, The Creationism Theory.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2793

Social and Political Philosophy

If it were the laws of the cities, then what would be the perception of the dwellers of the cities towards Socrates?
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1886

“Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?” by Gettier

In addition, the article reveals that the concepts of 'the right to be sure that' and 'has adequate evidence for' only work if the element of 'justified true belief' is not introduced in an analysis.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 576

Todorov’s View on Structuralism

In this article, Todorov argued that the manifestation of the "repetition and difference" aspect of the narrative requires the application of a specific formula.
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1732

The Problem of Demarcation

The fact that philosophers and scientists try to find the adequate answers to these questions during long periods of time supports the idea that the problem of demarcation is important to be solved to prevent [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Science
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 1374

Drug-Testing: Utilitarian Theory Ethical Dilemma

This is because, given the fact that Utilitarian theory's foremost theoretical premise is being concerned with the notion of amaximization of benefits' 1, it will only be logical, on my part, to assume that the [...]
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1825

Duhem-Quine Thesis Analysis

The malfunctioning of both the background assumptions and the hypothesis may perhaps lead to the falsification, as well as examination of the experimental scientists.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Science
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1406

Objection to Feldman’s Attitudinal Hedonism

In this defense Feldman uses another source of intrinsic value that shows that the deceived businessman lives a life of less value and this other source of intrinsic value is truth.
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 889

Moral Values Necessary for a Free and Just Society

It is the responsibility of people to make the society what they want it to be. It is the moral obligation of members of society to respect the institutions that are in place.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1170

Problem of the Planets

It will identify the philosophical implications that Plato, the character in the book, has on the problem of the planets and explain what the author, Tarnas, says about the problem of the planets.
  • 5
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 680

W. K. Clifford, ‘The Ethics of Belief’

Clifford provided an opinion in opposition to theism where his statements can be put in three points; there is inadequate evidence to believe that there is existence of God, it is incorrect forever, all over, [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 545

God and Piety: The Euthyphro Problem

To argue that God loves something because it is pious contradicts theists' belief that, God is the foundation of morality and ethics.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 838

Plato’s Allegory of the Cave

In Plato's Allegory of the Cave, there is much darkness in the cave and only very little light can be found in this place and it is so hard for a person who is in [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2172

Axial age thinkers

The axial thinkers played a significant role in the determining of the nature of the philosophy of the post axial age.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1092

Demarcation of Science and Non-Science

Therefore, it is impossible to demarcate science from non-science on a case-by-case basis because they are integrated fields of study and knowledge that are interdependent. For scientific field to expand, it must delve into the [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Science
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 882

Philosophy of Existentialism

The philosophy of existentialism though difficult and abstract gives explanation to most of the questions that we ask ourselves as we go through life.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1078

Symbol as an Integral Part of a Human’s Life

In spite of the fact that author takes the symbols rather as a notion than as an object, some researchers take it even further, expanding the meaning of a symbol to the whole culture.
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 968

Principles of Utilitarianism

At this point, the utilitarian theory is also associated with the tools that can provide individuals and community with happiness through recognition of felicity as the foundation of all human actions.
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 816

Philosophy of Plato’s Ideal City

Of course, the state should be governed by a group of people who are close to all other groups. Apart from acquiring certain facts and skills, young people should be taught the principles of morality.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 578

Hegelian Dialectics

The article situates the reasoning of Hegel in two articles, one being the Second Sex by Simone and the other is the modern woman as a subject by Fanon.
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1091

Do Humans Have Free Will?

However, he takes the view that some humans are not guided only by laws to act and they are not able to exercise their own free will.
  • Subjects: Freedom Philosophy
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1368

Ethics is not Based on Religion

That is they believe that religion is the bedrock of ethics and that religious persons are individuals with immense moral principles.
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1106

Summa Theologica and Natural Law

One of the arguments that the author makes is that "the normative force is the same for everyone and known by all".
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 541

The Dialog “Crito” by Socrates

Nevertheless, as of today, this effectively ceased to be the case, because: a) the realities of a post-industrial living render the classical concept of a statehood/law hopelessly outdated; b) the recent discoveries in the fields [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1102

Direct Realism

The perceptions that influence the validity of the direct realism theory have a great impact on understanding the reality. Through the information that is relayed from the material object to the mind through sensory nerves, [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1391

Paley’s analogy

The argument stipulates that the world is a place filled with such novel interlocking intricacy to the extent that the sole rational justification centers on the existence of an intelligent designer.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 780

Concepts of Determinism, Compatibilism, and Libertarianism

For instance, those who endorse the thesis that determinism depicts compatibility with moral responsibility and free will and the thesis of determinism have also been shown to endorse the thesis of freedom.
  • Subjects: Freedom Philosophy
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1664

Leibniz’s Argument Analysis

However, the world is full of inconsistencies and imperfections and, therefore, the existence of the best possible world refutes the idea of God's perfection.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1087

The Freedom Concept

The thing is that there are societies in which the individual freedom of a person is practically non-existent, for instance, one can mention North Korea.
  • 5
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 841

Aquinas on the Existence of God

God exists as it is the beginning of everything, as God is necessary just for the personal existence and this is the beginning of other issues which may be possibly exist or not as well [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 585

Aristotle and Relationship at Work: Outline

The first level appeals to a part of the human soul that focuses on reason while the second part appeals to the part of the human soul that follows reason.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1671

Epicurus’ Perception of Pleasure and Justice

Pain which is brought about by harm is the main source of injustice, pursuing pleasure involved refraining from doing what does not bring pleasure to oneself but ensuring that obtaining utmost personal pleasure would be [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 565

Procrastination Issues: Cause and Effect

Procrastination is said to be the avoidance of starting or going through on a task that is deemed to be important and necessary.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 827

Personal Philosophy of Success

In this essay, I shall define the success strategies that I have discovered and which I intend to use in the coming years to achieve success.
  • 5
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 578

The Consolation of Philosophy

So, it would be appropriate to suggest the overview of changing virtues and people's views within the well-known cognitive books: The Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri, The Consolation of Philosophy by Ancius Boethius, and the [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 743

A Theory of Justice: Society and Individual

Justice, which is suitable for the constitution of the country, is also beneficial to the people. The Plato's theory of justice tries to balance what people and societies practice."Justice is the good of another".
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 701

God Theory: An Evaluation of Debate on Existence of God

Tough questions arise at the very insistence of resolving the mystery about the existence of God, with scientists and philosophers pulling in all directions in an attempt to explain the core and origin of mankind.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 769

Mind, in Relation to the Brain and Body

Daniel explores the functioning of the brain in relation to the body while John addresses Artificial intelligences and the myths surrounding it.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1366

Free Will: Towards Hume’s Compatibilist Approach

According to Williams, libertarians are of the view that free will is rationally incompatible with the concept of determinism, and that a deterministic world may be rationally impossible or false.
  • Subjects: Freedom Philosophy
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1833

Ethical Philosophy

The ethical approaches of the Utilitarian and the Kantian perspectives both examine ethics. This concern is not on the Utilitarianism schedule, which implies that from Kantianism perspective, Utilitarian morality is an amazing mixture of ethical [...]
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 550

Definition of Epistemology

The reality of knowledge depends on its justifiability; that is, epistemology tends to question the truth behind human knowledge hence, through such understanding, individuals are able to form a basis of comprehending any piece of [...]
  • 5
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 807

“Who is a hero?”

In the ancient times, a hero in the Greek was regarded as a person with overwhelming courage to face the challenges that affected the community, some of the common challenges of the ancient times included [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 847