Natural Sciences Essay Examples and Topics. Page 12

2,520 samples

Psychiatric Genetics. Epigenetics and Disease Pathology

The switching on and off of the imprinted genes is the same regardless of the parental origin. The genome-wide DNA analysis revealed that there was a difference in DNA methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene [...]
  • Subjects: Genetics
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1503

The Photosynthetic Rate in Terrestrial Plants

In this regard, one is expected to establish the necessities of photosynthesis and discover the requirement of carbon dioxide and light for oxygen evolution.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1232

Substitution Reactions of Alcohols

1 The SN2 substitution reaction occurs when the attacking atom or group is a strong nucleophile that hits the electrophile from the rear end thereby ousting the leaving group.
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2743

City Centre Decline, Revitalisation in Riyadh

This paper provides a review of literature in reference to the issues of city centre decline, revitalisation, and people's perceptions focusing on the city centre of Riyadh.
  • Subjects: Countries Studies
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1666

Microbiologic Exposure

The transmission of disease requires the interaction of the environment, an agent, and the host of the disease. The following essay highlights some of the infections that may be acquired from an individual coughing in [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 564

Effect of MgCl2 and NaCl Solutions on the Germination

Moreover, in the first and the third groups, the wheat seeds were placed in wetted paper towels whereas in the second and the fourth groups, the wheat seeds were placed on top of the wetted [...]
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 2033

“What’s the Fuss about Stem Cells?”

The primary goal of this essay is to emphasize the importance of the research of the stem cells, provide a precise definition, and explain their functions in the body.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 581

GEP (Gene Expression Profiling) on MM Prognostication

GEP is traditionally performed in thirty-nine steps, which include the identification of the experimental design, the collection of genes, identification of samples, array preparation, provision of a targeted synthesis, hybridization, transformation of the key data, [...]
  • Subjects: Genetics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 595

Genetic Engineering Using a Pglo Plasmid

The objective of this experiment is to understand the process and importance of the genetic transformation of bacteria in real time with the aid of extrachromosomal DNA, alternatively referred to as plasmids.
  • Subjects: Genetics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1207

Principles of Nervous System in Animals

The procession and interpretation of the sensory organs is then effected by the nervous system to facilitate an understanding and interpretation of the surrounding. Cephalization consists of the actual concentration and accumulation of the functions [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 873

Herbicide Resistant Weeds: Causes and Prevention

Herbicides are used by farmers to control the population of specific weeds in their farms, but genetic mutations in the part of some weed species can lead to their development of resistance against the herbicides.
  • Subjects: Agriculture
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 568

Proteus Vulgaris Bacterium and Its Characteristics

As far as the size of the bacterium is concerned, most of the specimens of P. Finally, cystitis and prostatitis can be viewed as a possible prognosis in the case of contracting P.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 558

Biocompatibility: Cell Adhesion

Actin filaments play a role in cell shape, motility and dynamics of the cell. Actin filaments are proteins, and have a function in mobility of the cell and its organelles.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1404

The Effects of a High Consumption of Water

The null hypothesis would be that increasing the daily intake of water to eight glasses a day has a positive effect on the body, especially on the skin.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1373

Fungi and Plants’ Role in Survival of Other Organisms

First, the relationship between plants and fungi shows that plants depend more on fungi than fungi depend on them. Considering that more than 90% of all plant species on earth cannot live without minerals and [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 991

The Origin and Evolution of Segmentation by Davis and Patel

To investigate the issue better, the authors suggest three hypothesis which are connected with the issue of evolution of segmentation. Having made this statement, the authors use it as the basis for their analysis of [...]
  • Subjects: Anthropology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 570

The Origin and Evolution of Segmentation: Analysis

The pattern of segments in the long-germ insects is located in the blastoderm. Among the short-germ insects, the pattern of the head segments is located in the first blastoderm.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 578

Origin and Evolution of Segmentation

In the article, "Origin and Evolution of Segmentation", the first hypothesis supports the independent segmentation in annelids, arthropods, and chordates. The first hypothesis predicts negligible similarities in the segmentation patterns of arthropods, chordates, and annelids.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 562

Atlantic Tomcod’s Adaptation Experiment

Conversely, those with the gene survived and passed it on to their young, making them immune to the toxins in the water and ultimately creating a generation of PCB resistant tomcod.
  • Subjects: Zoology
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1385

Pesticides’ Effects on Rivers and Streams

Once the pesticides are in the water, they affect aquatic life and the entire organisms in the food chain. Water is a basic need for all living organisms, and the harmful effects of pesticides in [...]
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 9
  • Words: 2528

Genetic Diseases: Sickle Cell Anemia

This genetic disorder research paper aims to elucidate the underlying molecular causes of SCA as well as its symptoms, inheritance, treatment, diagnosis, and prevalence in certain populations.
  • Subjects: Genetics
  • Pages: 9
  • Words: 2499

Polarization in Electric Charges and Magnets

For instance, there is a misconception that "a magnetic field exerts a force on both the steady and the moving objects", this is not always the case.
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1107

The Analysis of Siamangs’ Behavior in a Zoo Setting

The results of the research disprove the hypothesis as it was assumed that siamangs would be less active in the zoo due to visitor's attention and limited territory. Therefore, it is possible to note that [...]
  • Subjects: Zoology
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1385

Analyzing the Economy of Cuba

The government controlled most of the means of production and employed a large percentage of the workforce. In the current paper, the author takes an in-depth look into the current status of the Cuban economy.
  • Subjects: Countries Studies
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1214

The Characteristics and Importance of Chickpeas

This demonstrates the popularity of chickpea and its application in various areas of the economy. The popularity of chickpea has grown significantly, and this has led to its demand in different parts of the world.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 13
  • Words: 3665

Maple Syrup Urine Disease Pathogenesis

This results in the accumulation of the branched-chain amino acids within the body and the brain. The case study was done to determine the type of mutation that occurs in the genes of the patients, [...]
  • Subjects: Genetics
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2172

Cracking Naphtha to Produce Olefins

The purpose of the study was to establish the amount of olefin, gasoline and other crude oils that were to be produced in the exercise. To study the properties and applications of olefin and naphtha.
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 15
  • Words: 4124

The Impact of Salts on Grass Growth

Therefore, the length of the grass is expected to be less than that of the control experiment. This experiment would manage to approve that salt influences the growth of grass.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 569

Recovery Plans in Australia

The key stakeholders in the recovery plan for the GSM include the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage, and the Arts.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 827

Nanomaterials for Bone Repair and Regeneration

The tissue should substitute the role of the bone by complementing the automated characteristics of the material to the functions of the original bone and including the ability to transfer mechanical signals, which can control [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 13
  • Words: 3613

Vitamin B6: Biochemical Overview

In order to maintain the proper percentage of Vitamin B6 in the patient's body, it is imperative that the dietary allowances of the vitamin should be in direct proportion to the patient's age; more to [...]
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 861

Theories of Panspermia and the Origin of Life on Earth

Panspermia is one of the theories of the origins and creation of life on our planet, according to which life forms appeared on Earth from the outside of the Universe and are transferred through asteroids, [...]
  • Subjects: Evolution of Humans
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 573

The Analysis of the Seed Removal Experiment

Given this, a study carried out with an objective of, first, to determine the impact of seed predation on seed environment, and second, to determine the same on the seed sizes were carried out.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 2154

Cell Energy Metabolism Controls

By definition, photosynthesis is a process whereby light energy is converted to chemical energy in the presence of CO2 and water.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 671

Strontium: Physical and Chemical Properties

The rest are artificial isotopes and, are a consequence of radioactivity. The table below shows a summary of the radiological properties of strontium isotopes.
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 865

Late Phase of HIV Type 1 Replication

The Late Phase of HIV type 1 replication involves the assembly of Gag proteins with the plasma membrane of hematopoietic cells.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1268

Recent Advances in Artificial Photosynthesis

Specifically, scientists strive to use the known and change them into "functional, efficient, synthetic systems that will tap the endless supply of energy coming from the sun".[1] Researchers believe that artificial photosynthesis can work on [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1392

Ethical Issues Behind Feeding People With GMOs

Genetic engineering is the amendment of the genetic composition of a particular organism or simply the adjustment of an organism's transmissible matter in a bid to produce desirable characteristics.
  • Subjects: Genetics
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2814

The Science Behind Bacterial Aging

A bacterium is one of the organisms that undergo asymmetric division of cells hence does not undergo aging. In this bacterium, it is evident that the DNA process stopped because the stalk cell turned out [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 592

Understanding Emerging Diseases

Some of the diseases are spread when the agents are passed on from animals to humans through a process referred to as zoonosis.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 559

Overview of Polyether Ether Ketone

The exceptional properties of polymers are determined by the extent and the organization of the molecular chain. According to Kurtz, the melting temperature is an indicator of the thickness and flawlessness of crystals.
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1681

Will Biologics be the Main Drugs of the Future?

In generally, the uniqueness of biotechnology drugs or biologics as they are commonly referred to has to do with the fact that biologics help to improve the state of a patient's body through a natural [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 18
  • Words: 4960

Gene Expression Using Quantitative Real Time PCR

The establishment of the exact products of the expression of certain genes calls for specialized molecular analytical procedures. This experiment had an objective to determine the gene expression levels of the genes encoding CHOP/GADD153, BiP [...]
  • Subjects: Genetics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1104

Progress and Recent Trends in Biofuels

The issue of biofuels has been raising heated debates in the wake of the challenge of global warming, the ever-increasing energy consumption, and the rapid reduction of fossil fuels across the world.
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 560

Vibrio Cholerae: Death by Diarrhoea

Although it is widely believed that Vibrio cholerae is a human pathogen, implying that human beings serve as the natural host, it has the capacity to persist and survive in the absence of a human [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 705

Bacterial Diseases of Marine Organisms

The striped dolphin is a highly susceptible host of the bacteria and poses and the most potent reservoir and source of transmission of the infectious agent.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1211

Researching of the Nafion Resin

Prior to this process, a preliminary process was done where the NR/S-X samples were subjected to a 24-hour drying process inside an oven and at a temperature of 95oC.
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1116

Studying the Conductive Polymers

In order to understand the process involved in the synthesis of SY PPV, a schematic presentation of the steps involved and their intermediate products are shown below.
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 902

XPD Mutation: Healthcare Issues

A mutation in the XPD helicase hampers the ability of the TFIIH complex to execute its functions because of the increase in the rigidity of the protein.
  • Subjects: Genetics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 553

The Gene Therapy: Crucial Aspects

In the other common form of gene therapy, the modified gene cells are only corrected in the patient and the next generation does not get to inherit them.
  • Subjects: Genetics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1173

Hydrogen – The Lonely One

My name is Hydrogen, and my name is usually denoted by the letter 'H.' I am the first born in a family of seven and our family name is Group 1. Due to my weight [...]
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 892

Skin Graft in Tissue Engineering

In this case, tissue engineering seeks to address the problem of organ and tissue failure through the provision of a better and more effective technique such as natural implants, organ mimics that are functional from [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1174

The Production of Aluminum

In addition to the MHD forces, the other force that acts on the bubbles is in the form of buoyancy and it originates from an anode.
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1101

Genetic Male Pattern Baldness

Vertex hair loss: Vertex hair loss can be observed on the top of the head which is crown area and does not touch the hairline of the forehead.
  • Subjects: Genetics
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2770

Differentiating the Fungal Phyla

Traditionally, the kingdom Fungi consists of four phyla known as Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Zygomycota, though the classification of the fungi has shifted tremendously in recent decades to include Glomeromycota as a new phylum for [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 667

Bitter Taste Receptors Critical Review: A Focus on Tas2r38

The researchers are fascinated by the ability of this compound to be detected by the taste buds of certain individuals and remain undetectable by others. 1To this end, the compound is of profound interest in [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1096

Chemical Transection Analysis

It has been demonstrated that most neurotoxins affect the cell bodies of neurons in both the PNS and the CNS. The delayed neuropathy has been attributed to demyelination of axons and phosphorylation of esterase in [...]
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 550

Rapid Flow Cytometer Test Importance

Second, the protocol was modified by raising the temperature required for labeling the bacterial cells."The third modification was the addition of 0 8% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid to the A31 buffer used in the pretreatment of milk [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 554

Simple Detection of Pseudomonas Cells in Milk

The research conducted shows that it is possible to identify small amounts of pseudomonas cells in milk when on-chip flow cytometry is preceded by FISH, in a time frame of 16 hours.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 638

Biosphere: Sydney in Australia

Due to the rapid growth in the population and the rate of industrialisation in Sydney there has been an imbalance between the green spaces and the building open spaces.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1508

Root Modifications in Cyperaceae Species

In fact, low phosphorus and nitrogen supply in soils initiates the formation of these structures; with increase in supply of phosphorus and nitrogen leading to suppression in dauciform root formation. Caustis blakei is one of [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 557

Mixtures and Compounds in Chemistry

The type of bonds and the combination depends on the position of each element in the periodic table. The elements in a compound are always in a fixed ratio and the arrangement is defined.
  • Subjects: Chemistry
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1284

Biology: Photosynthesis and Respiration

In this process molecules of carbon dioxide gas and water are combined in the presence of the solar energy and chemical energy is formed.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 849

Anti-Corruption Strategies in Kazakhstan

On the backdrop of the notion that corruption is an international issue of concern5, the aim of this paper is to evaluate the success of anti corruption strategies in Kazakhstan.
  • Subjects: Countries Studies
  • Pages: 27
  • Words: 6939

Pygmy-Possum Burramys Parvus: The Effects of Climate Change

The study will be guided by the following research question: In what ways will the predicted loss of snow cover due to climate change influence the density and habitat use of the mountain pygmy-possum populations [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 892

Measurement of the Rate of Glycolysis Using Saccharomyces Cerevisae

The experiment was designed to investigate the impact of temperature on the rate of Glycolysis. The experiment results demonstrated that the rate of Glycolysis increases as temperature increases which resulted in the acceptance of hypothesis [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1607

Recovery Plan For Manorina Melanotis — Black-Eared Miner

Due to a decline in number in the 1980s, the bird was declared as an endangered species under the Australian Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1675

Physiological Differences Between Males and Females

Although the males have bigger muscles than the females, the latter have better blood flow during exercise, and use one hundred percent of the fibers in their muscles as compared to the former who use [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 557

The Histopathology Laboratory: Special Stains

The Masson's trichrome is commonly used to reveal the architecture of tissues and in the preparation of frozen sections. The Masson's trichrome stain was used in the staining of normal uterus and the uterus fibroid.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 2077

Commiphora Molmol and Boswellia Papyrifera Plants

The next step in the experiment was also significant in ensuring the chemical components in the extracts are known and that the anti microbial activity is attributed to each of them separately.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 823

How Serotonin Affects the Brain and Addictions

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the effects that serotonin has in the brain and how it interacts with other chemicals in the body Serotonin is an indoleamine chemical secreted by the brain [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 20
  • Words: 5618

Experimental Studies on Williams Syndrome Disease

Here, it is expected that the results of the three experimental studies will point out the major predisposing factors in the development of WBS particularly the gene deletions involving the 7q11.
  • Subjects: Genetics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 983

Researches of Proctoeces Maculatus

For a long time classification of the trematode has been a controversy among the research community due to the various morphological forms of the species that have been identified.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 899

Molecular Components of the DNA Molecule

The DNA serves as storage of the genetic information in the form of codes. The DNA polymerase is the enzyme that is responsible for the combination of the phosphate and the nucleotide.
  • Subjects: Genetics
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 821

Evidence of the Evolutionary Process

The unearthing of fossils and their study, biogeography which informs us of similar species of trees and animals in various parts of the world and the reasons for such an eventuality, embryology and the study [...]
  • Subjects: Evolution of Humans
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 2032

Benthic Macroinvertebrate

The sampling of Macroinvertebrate constitutes a very important aspect of analyzing a habitat due to the fact that Microinvertebrates are fundamentally vital in defining the health of streams where they habour.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1756

Development of the Chimpanzee Pancreas

This review will show the development of the chimpanzee pancreas, the anatomy of the fully developed pancreas including its histological cellular components, the molecular interactions that regulate the development of the pancreas, and discuss a [...]
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 1736

Museum Genetic Presentation

When this condition is violated, the population is opened allowing individuals to move from one population to another hence creating a net flow of genes which results to genetic variations and consequently, to evolution.
  • Subjects: Genetics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1141

Process of Gene Expression

One of the major mechanism through which gene expression is altered is addition where a base pair is added to the normal sequence hence changing the specificity of the protein that the code specifies.
  • Subjects: Biology
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1123