Philosophy Essay Examples and Topics. Page 4

According to him, man is naturally violent, and thus, there is a need for the establishment of an authoritative government in the form of a monarchy to check and contain the violent nature of man.

He claimed that his wisdom was greater than that of other humans which means that the judges and the accusers did not possess any of it for he believed that they were invented people who [...]

Plato believed that presenting the teachings in the form of dialogues was the best way of documenting the teachings of Socrates for the benefit of the future generations.

The concept of rebirth is also absent in Daoism and individuals are asked to lead a life that is in harmony with nature.

For this reason, all men in the society are required to assist the authorities in the administration of the state. To a Confucian, the state is the guardian of every individual, and should be protected.

Berkeley supports the view of the matrix hypothesis that human beings are in a matrix and disputes the view that the matrix hypothesis is skeptical using the idealism of reality.

In pages 37-62, John Locke discusses the necessity of toleration in relation to different religious views accepted in the society and focuses on the idea to distinguish between the civil jurisdiction and religion.

Weiss argues that Plato used the argument by Socrates that true philosophers hate the pleasures of the body, for example, drinks, sex, and food.

Therefore, the main idea of the greatest happiness principle is to make sure that more people are satisfied, however, the volume of the satisfaction is not discussed as well as the level of harm caused [...]

Mills's viewpoint on human moral equality To prove that Mills's position is wrong, one is to read Locke's arguments on the state of equality.

In philosophical terms, the concept of matter advances the fact that all things are made up of matter and all thoughts are created as a result of the interaction of matter.

The test for universal acceptance involve: determining the agent's maxim; imagining that everyone in the same position as the real-world agent observed that maxim; deciding if there is any contradictions generated from the maxim; if [...]

The arguments were mainly based on the idea that the perception for an object was in the perceiver and not the object.

The second way or of coming to the conclusion that an action is moral is through the emotive response that the action imparts on people in a society.

Socrates advocated the idea that justice was good, and that meant that injustice was equal to evil. The point he makes here is that justice is the cure for evil, and that a man who [...]

According to Cartesian dualism, the mind and the body interact at the point of pineal body because it is the only gland in the brain that is not duplicate, which connects the body and the [...]

To downplay the importance of sense experience, Plato and Descartes show that sense experience can never be a cause of experience since the objects captured through it are vulnerable to change.

Since perception is as a result of stimulation of the senses, and the senses only give us the appearance of objects not there reality, then it is wrong to consider perception to define knowledge.

The concept of equality is significant in the discussion of liberty, property, and the role of government in the lives of people.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze critically the concept of the sublime as presented by Immanuel Kant in his work 'The Critique of Judgment'.

Incidentally this is the concept from which the science of psychology is based which is best exemplified by the theory of behaviorism: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the concepts of self ideology [...]

On the other hand, religion has maintained that the soul is immortal and survives the death of the body. Plato argued that the soul is immortal and therefore survives the death of the body.

The comparison of positivism as a philosophical worldview is of particular importance with that of a Christian worldview. However, it is possible to cite the fact that the Christian faith emphasizes the importance of these [...]

Therefore, the value of education in the allegory can be seen through the illusion of reality, the transformative power of knowledge, and the responsibility to share knowledge, all of which are shown through the example [...]

The SMR would say that what the doctor is doing cannot be judged as there is no right position, and what matters is whether the surgeon feels that their actions are right.

Augustine put emphasis on one's soul and spiritual connection with God to be happy rather than material goods and body.St. I concur with this idea and believe that in seeking happiness, one should prioritize what [...]

Their discussion sheds light on the differences between the medical and sociological models of disability, as well as the minority status of people with disabilities.

Analytic philosophy is essential and more apt to critical contributions to culture and society because of its pragmatic approach that relies on logic, which is more objective than the continental approach, which is more subjective.

The main thesis of the theory of existentialism is that existence precedes essence and that one has to start from subjectivity.

The doctrine of the golden mean is a request for a realistic moral axiom. The word "virtue" is used in some cases to denote a personal quality and, in others, as a generalized indicator of [...]

In deontology, the outcomes and consequences may not justify the means to achieve a goal, while in consequentialism, the results determine the means, and significant benefit is expected for the greatest possible number of people.

Aristotle's concept of happiness is an expression of virtue that is similar to the flow state, happiness is a combination of the baseline level where basic needs are fulfilled and a broader area managed by [...]

The cosmological proof of the existence of God was developed by the ancients and is most often found in the following form.

He explores the forms of cognition and considers the question of the sources of the formation of ideas and concepts. Locke believes that external experience and perception give ideas of such qualities that belong to [...]

However, with the development of skeptical thought, the common field of inquiry regarding skepticism became more local, more focused on specific ideas, such as the validity of human perception, the search for universal truths, and [...]

Therefore, act utilitarianism is better than virtue ethics since it is clear, concise, and focuses on the majority. Virtue ethics' strengths can be utilized to enhance the act-utilitarianism theory.

She claims that care ethics should include the emotional context in moral guidelines, not only traditional pure reasons of Kantian Imperative and Utilitarianism. Next, public and private spheres and moral behaviors that are appropriate are [...]

Death is a way to escape suffering and people who compromised principles and caused harm to others do not deserve an easy release from the pangs of conscience.

This approach is titled particularism, and, in the current essay, I attempt to justify this principle in the context of moral dilemmas and demonstrate how this perspective expands the ethical understanding of the subject.

The function of religion is, in my opinion, closely related to people's need to have a major set of moral guidelines, making individuals more confident and satisfied and societies more viable.

When comparing the two perspectives of liberty and ideal society, it is necessary to note that both philosophers find the liberty to be an intrinsic feature of a human being.

The author maintains that the continents of America and Europe are the epicenters of Critical Regionalism fissures. However, the author argues that even though this regionalism approach is liberating because of its freedom of expression, [...]

The freedom will skew any system or pattern of perfect equality as demonstrated by his basketball player example, resulting in the need to formulate new patterns of distribution.

Theories and concepts that enable one to understand the nature of law, the role it plays in society, and the sources of its authority are collectively referred to as the philosophy of law.

Overall, there are similarities and differences in the gods' portrayal in Ovid's and Sophocles' works. In both texts, the deities are respected and revered by mortal people.

According to the theory, moral ethics should enable members of society to attain happiness. Finally, moral ethics should also provide room for improvement to nurture the desired behaviors in society.

The central character of the story, Daru worked as a schoolmaster at a school in the Algerian mountains when the gendarme Balducci brought to him an Arab prisoner, whom Daru was supposed to escort to [...]

The accusations placed against Socrates include: Studying the activities in the heavens and below the earth. Predicting the things in the heavens and below the earth associates him with the physicists such as Thales and [...]

He therefore was trying to say that good is the pivot of everything else in life. Plato's suggestion of the becoming and being model has partitioned life into two.

The Platonic dialogue in The Symposium epitomizes the progression that Diotima describes as pursuance of beauty in highly refined and generalized forms and each speech in the symposium takes the reader closer to the comprehension [...]

Two attitudes toward money involve negative perception of money as universal evil and positive perception of money as source of good life and prosperity.

As far as Emile Durkheim is concerned, we should that the overarching argument of his work comes down to the following: he suggests that the constant process of labor division or specialization as it is [...]

The representation of the predestination and the role of the government in the society were covered at first, in the religious and philosophic writings, and then gradually, the political conscious started to have an independent [...]

The part of Leviathan entitled "Of a Christian Commonwealth" addresses such religious controversies of the 16th-17th- century United Kingdom as state and church relationships and establishment of Church of England's position towards continental Protestants and [...]

In other words, it tries to put of the problem to a later time which is not predictable. With this kind of ambiguity then it is never easy to to seek redress on failure of [...]

The varying views about verification fall into two broad categories; one which is the verification theory of meaning as it claims to specify the nature of meaning and the other one seeks to provide standard [...]

Stuart Mill's utilitarianism and Emmanuel Kant's deontology, to answer the question is it acceptable to lie to my friend to spare her feelings if the lie would not cause great harm?

Determinism is a theory which states that the course of the future is determined by a combination of past events and the laws of nature, creating a unique outcome.

The next task is to find the existence and nature of justice in this state. Plato adds to this that justice is "the principle of doing one's own business".

Concepts of the roles and duties have differed across civilizations and many discourses, books, and precepts have been offered to the young prince about how to conduct themselves in the affairs of the state.

The purpose of this essay is to consider the Euthyphro dilemma and what problem it poses for the Divine Command Theory.

Both virtue and vice build one's character and therefore can contribute to the view of happiness. Therefore, character education leads to happiness that is equal to the amount of wisdom and virtue.

The fact is that the author is concerned with the search of specific relations between natural sciences and society, the social law in accordance to which it functions, and the nature of particular processes.

The main idea of the argument is that much hatred and injustice in the world do not harmonize with the image of God, who is omnibeing, loving, wise, and fair.

The concept shared by the author consists in the statement that human life is irrational: one has to admit that it is senseless and is forced to overcome this knowledge to continue living, working, and [...]

However, if the care is expensive, and it is clear that I will not make it, I do not want my family to spend their money to prolong my life by a few days or [...]

As for the moral features of God, it is possible to assume that he is evil since he causes many evil events.

According to hedonists, the major aim of a human's life is being happy and the best way to become happy is to have lots of pleasures.

The creation of thoughts, notions and consciousness are initially intertwined with the material activity of human beings. Creation of ideas and intellectual ability begin to be seen at this phase as the direct product of [...]

The hanging scroll Death of the Historical Buddha is a perfect example of an idiosyncratic subgenre of the nirvana images, which permeated Japanese art in the sixth century after the adoption of Buddhism.[4] The composition [...]

To understand the connection established by Aristotle between a good life and a rational one, it is first necessary to discuss the concept of good used in the Nicomachean Ethics.

The problem of searching for the meaning of life has always been the central topic for the vast majority of people.

As such, in order to understand the value of philosophy to the society, it is important to consider what the focus of philosophy as a study is.

According to the author, the proposed method can offer practical solutions to the nine problems. The book argues that the main disquiet of philosophy is to offer questions and respond to them.

Religion, philosophy, and literature are unique disciplines that pioneer and influence people's lives in contemporary culture, thus enable people to feel and see the reality of life.

As noted by the author, Socrates depicted the human body as the part or an instrument of the soul, admitting at the same time that the corporal health depended directly on the wellness of the [...]

The jurors argued that Socrates' ideas and teachings corrupted the minds of young people. Some scholars believe that Socrates' views and beliefs could have influenced the later works of Plato, particularly in literary writings.

The aim of this essay is to explain the values on which the essay A Discourse on the Love of our Country is focused.

Plato was of the view that Socrates was accused falsely of inciting the youths against the ruling class yet he was the righteous person in society.

Additionally, it has been documented that one of the major virtue of philosophy is its ability to teach not what to think rather how to think.

The author says that the scholar should explore the nature in themselves, and "he shall see, that nature is the opposite of the soul, answering to it part for part.

It is the epitome of thinking and as it was described by the London times, "the great virtue of philosophy is that it teaches not what to think, but how to think".

Through this, he learned that it was impossible for him to deny the existence of God. In the chapter, he argues that the lack of God's existence was impracticable.

The woman is in bad faith as she tries to focus on desirable points ignoring the truth. This is the choice people are wouldoomed' to make.

A strong connection exists between the ideas of the two philosophers, Plato and Galileo, whereby, the actual nature of human mind and the nature of learning have been exposed. This is contrasted to the massive [...]

In the development of curriculum, there has to provision for learners to make use of their experiences and come to the knowledge of things.

The idea of fleeing the real world that is habitable in the thinking of man, to the desert preoccupied by fear, dangers and uncertainty refers to the need for independence of the spirit.

It cannot be imagined how the society would be is there was no thought in the minds of the people about the existence of God who oversees the actions of deeds of people in the [...]

Crito insists that a person must listen to the opinion of the majority, and Socrates argues that it is impossible to pay attention to the opinions of all the people because it is important to [...]

It is the responsibility of people to make the society what they want it to be. It is the moral obligation of members of society to respect the institutions that are in place.

In particular, Diotima deliberates on the concept of love and refers to other related notions, such as wisdom, knowledge, truth, and divinity to define the place of love in the material world.

The paper looks at how the two philosophers qualify their teachings as the origins of human rights, and concludes that the moral philosophy of Kant is better than that of Mills.

In the reflection, Ivan examined his past life and the values that he had lived by in all of his life.

The main aim of Moore's essay is to explain that if there are some reasons not to believe that external objects exist; the author is to convince people of physical things existence before they understand [...]

What is important to note at this point is that both philosophers rejected the notions of free will and determinism albeit in varying levels and for different reasons.

God wanted to create a being that would contemplate about the universe and man was the answer to that need. Nonetheless, man is a free being and can choose to be whatever he wills.

One has control over the attraction for instance; attraction to someone is not a choice but way of enhancing the relationship in a personal perfective manner.

Next, epistemology, the sentinel of knowledge, confronts the question "What is knowledge?" This philosophical sentinel guards the gates of understanding, probing the foundations of knowledge and the pathways to acquire it. The philosophical mindset, a [...]

The first argument can be evaluated using affirming the consequence, which has a certain formula: Premise #1: If A, then B.

The central claim made by Epicurus in his work is that happiness is the only pleasure in life, which is mainly connected with the avoidance of both mental and physical pain.

Although he makes a strong case for the existence of happiness, the foundation and organization of his article are less strong, which eventually lessens the general effect of his argument.

Rousseau and Mill were political philosophers with interest in understanding what entailed individual freedom. This paper compares Rousseau’s idea of individual freedom with Mill’s idea.

David Hume, a Scottish philosopher and historian, developed a theory of aesthetics that takes art and standards of taste in mind.

Regardless of cultural trends, the views and positions of representatives of different eras can have similar features, which manifests itself both in everyday affairs and in the context of attitudes toward high matters.

It could be claimed that the philosophy of Cynicism emphasizes living simply and self-sufficiently but may overlook the benefits of material possessions and community, risking isolation and missing out on social interaction.

Although their theories of justice were significant, they would not have existed without Plato's influence and the contribution that their ideas of justice have made to political philosophy.

Further, the concern is found in the fact that there are some major drawbacks of anger, including the tendency to cling to another's anger, refuting attempts to reconcile, apologize, or restitute, and the tendency to [...]

However, if the person were to be aware of the irrationality of their actions, they might avoid such acts in the future.

Aristotle also states that the disposition that is acquired through the constant repetition of virtuous deeds and the development of habit is the basis of human action.

Moreover, the philosopher believed that society's progress and scientific achievements contributed to the lowering of the role of Christianity and religion was a burden for society.

We improve our ability to make friends and relate to others and recognize the importance of prioritizing the development of healthy relationships in all aspects of life, recognizing that this is the foundation for a [...]

In 1953, Gottlob Frege posted a strong argument that the language of mathematics tends to refer to and quantify the mathematical objects and the corresponding theories are true. Frege argues that mathematical language is quantifiable, [...]

The Genesis section of the Bible is dedicated to the contextual history of the creation of the world. With the idyllic life of the first human pair in gardens of Eden begins perhaps the most [...]

The theory of rational egoism developed by Ayn Rand seems an optimal approach to the resolution of personal and societal issues from the moral perspective despite the presence of contradicting opinions in this regard.

So, it is morally permissible to throw the switch because the death of one person is less of a loss than the death of five.

This interpretation would assume that creation was the sole prerogative of the Father as the first person of the Trinity, and the funciton of the Holy Spirit was "limited to being passively present". It is [...]

Belief in God is a momentous decision, and the benefits of yielding to religious faith outweigh the potential risks of error.

This explains why different philosophers have presented critical ideas in order to address this question of morality. The author explains why Immanuel Kant presents some of the best ideas towards human ethics and moral principles.

Then Moore identifies how the human/nature binary, inherent to the approach, has separated humanity from the web of life and become integral to the current public conversations about the environment. In conclusion, the essay re-contextualizes [...]

One of the main reasons why legal positivists support the separation of law and ethics is the absence of the universal ethical standards that are applied across countries, cultures, or communities.