Formal Sciences Essay Examples and Topics. Page 2

1,843 samples

History of Algebra Brief Overview

Algebra is a mathematical concept that basically involves the applications of operations and relations, and the concepts that are as a result of the combination of the two.
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 755

Sampling, Reliability and Validity

Presentation of the population will be determined in the sample as the study will not include all the students from the research schools.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 928

Volcanoes and Their Characteristics

Volcanoes always presented a broad area for researches in terms of their close relationship between their forms, structures, the styles of their eruption, and the mineral composition of their magma and lava.
  • 1
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 836

Public Awareness of Earthquake

This will mean that the basement that is involved in thickening and shortening is mechanically required to produce the shape of zagros belt.
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 13
  • Words: 3915

Steel and Young’s Modulus Experiment

The stress at the end of the experiment gave the breaking strength and was 504. The stress-strain curve was re-plotted in the range of 0 to 1% strain to calculate Young's modulus and 0.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 656

Fundamental Theorem of Calculus in Modern World

The works by Bernoulli and Barrow introduced the term "calculus" in the middle of the 17th century as "a particular method of calculation and mathematical study of continuous change". The purpose of the fundamental theorem [...]
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 656

Pizza Box Optimization: Packaging Problem

The analysis starts with a brief description of the need to solve the Pizza Box problem and then proceeds to a discussion of the optimization concept.
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 1867

Astrolabes, Their History and Features

3 These included the position of celestial objects, time of the day or night by measuring the altitude of the sun, time of the year, part of the visible sky, altitude of any horizon object, [...]
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1628

Variables and Measurements in Research

For instance, in a study on the use of a limb sock to reduce edematous residual limbs, the limb sock is an independent variable while the dependent variable is the residual limb.
  • 5
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 604

Sampling Methods for Transport Research

For the study, the researcher creates a table with random numbers and uses the sampling frame to assign numbers to everyone in the population.
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 520

Isaac Newton and His Three Laws of Motion

As one of the great scientists of the 17th century, Newton published his scientific theories and findings in the Principia, his masterpiece in the realm of science.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 11
  • Words: 3108

Nebular Model of the Solar system

According to nebular model of the formation of the universe, the formation of the solar system is inherent to the formation of the stars and planetary disks.
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2284

The Planet Mars Information

The bigger portion of the planet is covered with Borealis Basin that is one of the remarkable features on the surface of Mars.
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1712

Pros and Cons of Nuclear Power

The first pro of nuclear energy is that it emits little pollution to the environment. The next con of nuclear energy is the occurrence of a meltdown.
  • 5
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 863

America should continue to fund the Space Program

In the recent years, it is a fashion among people to use the country's name synonymous with scientific and technological advancements."Space operations are emerging as the one of the distinctive attributes of the sole remaining [...]
  • Subjects: Space Studies
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2436

Data Analysis & Application: ANOVA

This paper focuses on the analysis of the results for Quiz 3 provided in the dataset Grades.sav. HA: There are statistically significant differences in the results for Quiz 3 depending on the class section.
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 835

The Centripetal Force Experiment

As force acts on an object in motion, its acceleration and direction of force act towards the center of the circular path.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 866

Physics: Permeability of Free Space

To determine an experimental value of the permeability of free space o To investigate the balancing of repulsive magnetic between two wires with antiparallel currents by using a known gravitational force The setup for the [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1108

The Design and Implementation of DC-DC Boost Converter

The project begins with a research into solar energy particularly the photovoltaic cell, its historical development, and the behavior and modular design and construction of the PV cell.it goes further to detail on alternative devices [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 28
  • Words: 7637

Rigel Star in Orion Constellation

Orion can be seen by the naked eye from November to February between 85 and 75 degrees latitude, in the southwest sky from a position in the Northern Hemisphere or in the northwest sky from [...]
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 969

Big Bang Theory and the Origin of Our Universe

Generally, the Big Bang theory is recognized to be one of the ways to explain the appearance of the Universe. The theory does not disclose the origin of the Universe; it studies the way the [...]
  • Subjects: Space Studies
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 861

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis

A practical example of a quantitative analysis is observed in an article in the BBC titled, How the internet transformed business.
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 613

The Evolution of Electricity

In one of her works Diana Bocce observes, "The kite experiment helped Franklin establish a relationship between lightening and electricity, which led to the invention of the lightning rod" This is considered one of the [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2790

Human Access to Space and Space Flight

Therefore, these industries work together to develop cheap and efficient alternatives to local products with applications in outer space Finally, space exploration takes on new meaning when it comes to expanding the boundaries of human [...]
  • Subjects: Space Studies
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 412

Scientific Method: Role and Importance

The scientific method is essential for the creation of scientific theories that explain information and ideas in a scientifically rational manner. In conclusion, a scientific method is an important approach to examining the hypothesis.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1139

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Collecting Data

The advantages of doing survey research are short data collection time; generally lowest costs of research studies; possibility to assess the data reliability with the use of the correlation coefficient while practicing repeated surveys in [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2685

Qualitative Data Collection Methods

Observation is quite similar to the method mentioned above as the researcher is not involved in the process. Nonetheless, this strategy can help the researcher to address the research goals and elicit participants' ideas on [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 510

Calculus-Integration

If an indefinite integral function is F and given a certain function f, the function F or the integral is determined such that F' equals the original function f.
  • 4.5
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1074

Conflict Between Aristotle and Copernicus

Copernicus continued his research and developed a new model of the universe which contradicted Aristotle's paradigm since the Earth was not the centre, but one of the planets moving around the Sun.
  • 5
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1081

Arthur Cayley: Life, Career, and Achievements

Arthur Cayley joined Trinity College in Cambridge at the age of seventeen and graduated in 1842 and in October of the same year, he became the youngest fellow in that college.
  • 1
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 811

Concept and History of the Lasers Usage

This is the case due to the fact that, these properties are the primary determinant of the ability of a laser light to interfere with itself in order to give out the desired interference patterns.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1463

Calorimetry Experiment: Determining Specific Heat Capacities

The purpose of the work was to calculate the amount of heat required to change the temperature of each metal object, using mathematical formulas to describe the calorimetric process. The results demonstrated that the specific [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 520

Psychological Research and the Scientific Method

The idea of perceived autonomy and self-determination theory has been chosen as the emphasis of the subject after a review of current social psychology research.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 925

Ethics and Validity in the Research Process

Research design validity refers to the extent to which the research design accurately reflects the research question and the studied population.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 389

Sophie Germain’s Story of a Woman Mathematician

One of the most striking examples of gender bias in academia is the story of the French female mathematician Sophie Germain, who made significant contributions to differential geometry and number theory.
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 914

Astrology as Pseudo-Psychology

Astrology is likely to be the most popular form of pseudo-psychology, and it is based on a belief that the arrangement of stars and planets at the time of a person's birth determines personality traits [...]
  • Subjects: Space Studies
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1663

Blackjack Basic and Betting Strategies: Data Project

The goal of blackjack is to beat the dealer's point total without going over 21 and there are three ways to beat the dealer: Get 21 points on the player's first two cards without a [...]
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1670

An Introduction to Energy and Its Development

Further developments in the field of energy use began with the sources such as wind, biomass, and hydropower and these were the only sources of energy for humans for thousands of years.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1303

How the Universe Works

The Galaxy we have the pleasure to live in is called The Milky Way and refers to a type of spiral galaxy. Material is shaped in the form close to a ball and constantly undergoes [...]
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1207

Albert Einstein’s Contributions to Science

Some of his well-known contributions in science include the theory of relativity and the Quantum theory. In the year 1905, Einstein worked on the Theory of Relativity.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 570

Importance of Science of Geology

The importance of geology is shown in the location of natural resources that comprise minerals, petroleum and natural gas. The importance of geology is witnessed in the detection and control of natural hazards.
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 298

Instrument Validation and Inspection Methods

Furthermore, it refers to the concept of the probability of the result and the estimations of the liability for these outcomes to be implemented in real-life settings.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 617

Objectivist and Subjectivist View of Research

The relevancy of a research project is measured in terms of the new knowledge the research establishes and the applicability of the same knowledge in solving human problems.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2945

Scientific Theories of Atoms and Their Structure

Bohr's Theory Although the aforementioned atomic theory by Rutherford was accurate in that it predicted the existence of a dense nucleus in the core of an atom, it still had a few shortcomings.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1677

Erosion and Deposition

Types and effects of erosion Water erosion is one of the major types of erosion. In conclusion, it is evident that deposition and erosion are major contributors towards the structure of landscapes.
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 535

Measurements’ Standarts

Measurement refers to the process of determining the proportion of a physical quantity such as temperature, time, volume, area, weight and length. Civil engineering involves the extensive use of measurement and scales.
  • 4
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 780

Non-Experimental Research Designs

The quick, grab-and-go nature of non-experimental quantitative designs cannot deliver the same in-depth results as experimental designs. Non-experimental quantitative designs cannot generate the same in-depth results as experimental design due to their grab-and-go aspect.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 335

Semiconductor Opening Switches

In the second line, the energy is accumulated in the magnetic field of an inductive current-carrying circuit and delivered to a load using an opening switch.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2722

Theory of Machines and Mechanisms

The mechanical advantage "is a ratio of the load to that of the effort exerted on the machine by the operator".
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1410

Sliding Friction: Static and Kinetic Friction

Friction is mainly depended on the nature of the surfaces and not the area of contact between the surfaces. The objectives of this experiment is to verify the laws of friction, the different types of [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1482

Geology of County Antrim: Carrickfergus to Cushendun

The national Trust manages the cliffs and foreshore and it is under the supervision of the Environment and Heritage Service of the Department of the Environment of the Northern Ireland.
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2247

Four Roles of Field Observation

The role of the observer as a participant allows for interaction with the group. Participant as an observer is more of a member of the group than researcher so that other participants may act more [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 343

The Rhetoric of the Image by Barthes’ Approach

Proper consideration of all these levels of the image analysis, provides the analyst with a comprehensive picture of what the image actually presents, what are the hidden, or implicit, meanings it is intended to render, [...]
  • 5
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1753

Scientific Traditions: Isaac Newton and Galileo

The Catholic Church disagreed with his advocacy that, the sun was at the center of solar system, because it was no empirically proven and contradicted the meaning of scripture.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 493

Study of the Research Paradigm

The understanding of various approaches to identification of reality, objectivity and subjectivity of knowledge, systems of research, and methods of data collection and analysis is highly significant for modern scholars.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 615

Life on Other Planets

The researchers have analyzed the microscopic life that exists in areas of extreme heat, where water supply exists in the form of salt lakes.
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 661

The Research Design and Methodology Section

From the given elements of the thesis proposal, research design/methodology and the theoretical framework/approach proved to be major challenges in completing the proposal.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 616

Igneous Rocks of the Appalachian Mountains

The chains are in three regions: The Northern areas, which include shickshock ranges, the long range, the White Mountains and the Green mountains.
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 552

Variables Operationalization in the Research Process

According to the hypothesis and research questions, service satisfaction and the desire to quit service forms the dependent variables, while payment levels and tenure conditions form the independent variables.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 917

Concept Paper and Research Study

A concept paper is a project idea, which is usually brief and highlights the main components of the main research project before embarking on developing a proposal.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 659

Correlation and Causation Differences

This will require quantitative data to determine the correlation between the two variables. A positive or negative association between the variables will suggest a causal relationship.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 347

A Trip to the Center of the Earth

The center of the earth is very hot as a result of the materials that are found in it. The center of the earth is estimated to be at a temperature of 40000C.
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 608

Research Limitations: Self Report and Attrition Bias

In this regard, the research will have to use their responses even when a number of them are simply demonstrating their response biases. In this regard, some of the participants did not want to participate [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 854

Research Design: Participants, Procedure and Techniques

The problems are: the question to be studied, making the data relevant to be incorporated in the study, the data that a researcher need to collect and how the data collected may be analyzed.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 859

Different Sources of Energy

However, while the wind and hydropower are renewable sources of energy, fossil fuels are not renewable. Wind energy and hydropower are some of the alternative sources of energy that have been explored.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 858

The Formation of Rainbows

When the rays of sun land on the surface of the earth, they cause the temperatures of the earth to increase, leading to evaporation of water in the water bodies such as rivers and lakes.
  • 5
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1580

Sedimentary Rocks

The presence of the bedding surface enables the geologists to be in a position of telling the ages and is the indication that the rock was once sediments thus the term "Sedimentary Rock".
  • 2
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 713

Planet Jupiter Facts and Information

In terms of size, it is the largest of all the planets and it is number five from the sun."The diameter of Jupiter is 142984 kilometers and its density is 1.
  • 5
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 803

Spring Constant and Natural Frequency in Free Vibration Experiment

The spring constant and the natural frequency were calculated from the free-vibration experiment results. Physical attributes in a discrete system are discrete quantities, and ordinary differential equations characterize the system's behavior.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 828

Heteroskedasticity and Autocorrelation in Statistics

It is defined as a variation in the "non-constant error variance," or the idea that in the event predictors are included in a regression model, the residual variability is altered as a function of something [...]
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 581

A Logical Position or Arguments in Research

Generally, a logical position and argument in research are of paramount salience as it reiterate the essence of the study and provide data for proof. Therefore, a logical argument is necessary to defend the position [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 281

Sampling Strategy and Qualitative Study Technique

However, in order to solve this problem, the interviewer must say that this interview is anonymous and all data will be presented only with the consent of the interviewees; thus, ethical issues can be avoided.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 318

The Delta Max Paper Airplane Performance Experiment

This study aims to propose an experiment in which the performance of the Delta Max paper airplane is compared to other paper airplane models in the context of the range and duration of the flight.
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 1080

Academic and Applied Research Analysis

In addition, scholarly research is one of the few ways to promote a relevant idea in the academic community and substantiate it.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 567

The Scientific Revolution: From Astronomy to Physics

The Scientific Revolution, which occurred roughly between the 15th and 16th centuries, refers to a period of innovations in science and technology, the entirety of which had originated from the notion that the Earth is [...]
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 622

Critiquing a Quantitative Checklist With Casp Tool

To begin with, one should determine whether the results of the study are valid or not. It is essential to evaluate the credibility and reliability of the results and if they can be applied to [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 377

Wave Types in Physics Overview

For example, if when a wave propagates in a medium, the displacement of its particles occurs in the direction of the wave itself, it is commonly referred to as a longitudinal wave.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 642

Ice Sales and Drowning: Correlation and Linear Regression

Given both ice scream sales and the occurrence of drowning correlate positively with temperature, it implies a positive correlation between ice scream sold per month and the number of drownings occurring in the particular month. [...]
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 379

Survey Research and Questionnaires in Criminology

Survey research is the most widely used data collection method in the fields of criminal justice and criminology as it assists researchers and professionals to gather the information that is unique to individuals, such as [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 574

Acceleration of a Ball in Physics

It is known that a body moving a long inclined plane, experiences acceleration due to the force of gravity, which is further affected by the mass of the body and the angle of inclination of [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 630

Collisions in One Dimension: A Physical Experiment

The objective of this experiment is to ascertain that when bodies are involved in an elastic collision, both the energy and the momentum are conserved unlike in a perfectly inelastic collision where only the momentum [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1362

Albert Einstein: His Life and Impact on Science

No study of physics is complete without a reference to Albert Einstein and his general theory of relativity that revolutionized the notions of space and time and the fresh understanding of gravity.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 831

Strengths and Weaknesses of a Qualitative Study

To achieve this, the researchers have discussed in detail each of the studies used in the systematic review including the study design, population, and the nature of programs analyzed in each of the studies.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 577

Sir Isaac Newton Mathematical Theory

His central focus was to formalize the inverse properties between the integral and the differential; this was the first calculus system where he created new rhetoric and descriptive terms.
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1051

Foundations and Components of the Concept Paper

However, in the light of the fact that four theories of a worldview are the very focus of the paper, it will be reasonable to talk about four theories making the bulk of the research.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 516