Formal Sciences Essay Examples and Topics. Page 2

1,823 samples

Biopsychosocial Model and Case Formulation

Case formulation is a hypothesis about what predispositional, precipitating, and perpetuating factors and mechanisms influence and impact a person's psychological, interpersonal, and behavioral problems/struggles. Case formulation in this sense is a tool that helps to [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 1127

State of the Matter

The chosen article is interesting and informative for different readers due to the possibility to combine past and present studies, use the state of matter laws, and check the interaction of molecules of several gases.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1124

Big Bang Theory: Assumptions & Scientific Evidence

The Big Bang Theory is one of the theories that explain the origin, development, and the nature of the universe. This assumption is very important in the explanation of the origin and development of the [...]
  • 5
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 2022

Water Cycle Process

On the reaching the atmosphere water molecules bond together again and come back to the earth surface through the process of precipitation.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 538

Color and Light

History in the physics lesson indicates that Isaac Newton was the inventor of light since 1672; he applied the logic of a prism to discover that the prism could split the sunlight to various colours [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1387

Psychological Research and the Scientific Method

The idea of perceived autonomy and self-determination theory has been chosen as the emphasis of the subject after a review of current social psychology research.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 925

The Focal Length Determination for Two Convex Lenses Lab

Distances S0 and Si for two convex lenses in an experiment using the Lens Equation method Focal length is defined as the numerical characteristic that determines the difference between the position point of the lens [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 717

Picket Fence Free Fall Analysis

Table 1: Raw data from four measurements For each of the four tests, it was necessary to determine the instantaneous values of time and velocity.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 640

Hypothesis Testing Importance for Research

Lastly, the results are interpreted, and the decision about accepting or rejecting the null hypothesis is made. It is done to ensure accurate information entry and minimize the probability of type I and II errors [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 458

Comparison of Fundamental and Applied Research

Fundamental research and applied research are types of analyses that differ in their socio-cultural orientation, in the form of organization and the translation of knowledge, and the methods of interaction of researchers and scholars' involvements.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1668

Differences between Terrestrial and Jovian Planets

Surprisingly though is the ironic comparison of the relative densities of the Jovian and Terrestrial planets, with the densities of the Jovian planets being relatively lower than those of the terrestrial planets.
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 590

Physics: Permeability of Free Space

To determine an experimental value of the permeability of free space o To investigate the balancing of repulsive magnetic between two wires with antiparallel currents by using a known gravitational force The setup for the [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1108

Effects of Mass on the Braking Distance of a Bicycle

The aim of this experiment is to investigate the effects of mass on the breaking distance of a bicycle. The kinetic energy is factor of the mass and the velocity of the bicycle creating a [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1293

The Origins of the Solar System

Another interesting topic that should be taken note of is the origin of the Earth itself for just as there have been numerous theories as to the origin of the solar system there have been [...]
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 9
  • Words: 2469

Sir Isaac Newton Mathematical Theory

His central focus was to formalize the inverse properties between the integral and the differential; this was the first calculus system where he created new rhetoric and descriptive terms.
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1051

Movies and Statistical Data as Research Sources

The first scene that lasts over twenty minutes shows the tragedy of the war as it was, with minute elements described and all the agony of soldiers revealed.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1109

Custom Random Number Generator

The number is generated in a predictable manner and is pseudo random in nature. The generated random number is 3.
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1538

Pizza Box Optimization: Packaging Problem

The analysis starts with a brief description of the need to solve the Pizza Box problem and then proceeds to a discussion of the optimization concept.
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 1867

Quantitative Research Methods’ Types

The Independent variable is manipulated to determine effects on the dependent variables, and this is on subjects that are randomly assigned to the treatments in the experiment, they are not identified in natural groups as [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1234

Tobit Model in Econometrics

In a case of an analysis involving the general income as the dependent variable, if the available data is on the high-income group of the population, then a truncation in the analysis will result.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2420

Statistical Methods in Business Research

Most of the items in the questionnaire used a 5-point Lickert-type scale, and data were analyzed using a descriptive statistical method involving the tabulation of frequency distributions and the development of simple bar charts to [...]
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 894

Tōhoku Earthquake of 2011

The rate at which the pacific plate undergoes displacement is at eight to nine centimeter per annum, hence the plate subduction of the plate led to a discharge of large amounts of energy leading to [...]
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 992

Arthur Cayley: Life, Career, and Achievements

Arthur Cayley joined Trinity College in Cambridge at the age of seventeen and graduated in 1842 and in October of the same year, he became the youngest fellow in that college.
  • 1
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 811

Lab Report: Gas Properties Studying

The purpose of the present laboratory work was to determine the nature of the relationships between the various variables describing the state of a gas using the ideal gas equation.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1419

Data Analysis & Application: ANOVA

This paper focuses on the analysis of the results for Quiz 3 provided in the dataset Grades.sav. HA: There are statistically significant differences in the results for Quiz 3 depending on the class section.
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 835

Light Beams and Their Classification

In fact, in the diffraction of any waves, including light waves, visual observation of the envelope of obstacles by waves is possible only if the dimensions of these obstacles are comparable with the dimensions of [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 12
  • Words: 3437

The Central Limit Theorem and Its Applications

A basic formulation of the CLT might be "the theorem that specifies the nature of the sampling distribution of means according to the central tendency, the variability, and the shape of the distribution".
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 694

Experimental and Non-Experimental Research

In a non-experimental study, for its part, the researchers are not willing to control their sample and observe the phenomena in a real-life setting.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 315

The Design and Implementation of DC-DC Boost Converter

The project begins with a research into solar energy particularly the photovoltaic cell, its historical development, and the behavior and modular design and construction of the PV cell.it goes further to detail on alternative devices [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 28
  • Words: 7637

Volcanoes and Their Characteristics

Volcanoes always presented a broad area for researches in terms of their close relationship between their forms, structures, the styles of their eruption, and the mineral composition of their magma and lava.
  • 1
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 836

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Collecting Data

The advantages of doing survey research are short data collection time; generally lowest costs of research studies; possibility to assess the data reliability with the use of the correlation coefficient while practicing repeated surveys in [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2685

Correlation and Regression in Statistical Research

Regression, on the other hand, reverses this relationship and expresses it in the form of an equation, which allows predicting the value of one or several variables based on the known values of the remaining [...]
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1370

Case Study and Its Types in Research

To explore the concept of the case study research method, seven aspects will be addressed: history, rationale, types, areas of research, situations in which the case study method can be used, challenges associated with the [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 15
  • Words: 4139

Weathering: Definition, Types, and Impact

However, drawing a distinct line between the nature of causes is crucial for the further management of environmental issues, which is why most scholars prefer to restrict the concept of mechanical weathering to the effects [...]
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 930

Analysis, Evaluation and Synthesis Approaches

All sources chosen for the literature review support the constructivist theoretical framework specified by the author in the introduction due to the fact that the findings consistently align with the notion of students' active participation [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1211

Triangulation, Member Check, Structural Coherence

Consequently, readers and researchers should address how the triangulation resulted to the approval of various aspects in the study, or to the completeness, in regard to addressing the phenomenon of interest.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 875

Variables and Measurements in Research

For instance, in a study on the use of a limb sock to reduce edematous residual limbs, the limb sock is an independent variable while the dependent variable is the residual limb.
  • 5
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 604

India’s Space Exploration Affairs

Space exploration has become a key area of concern for modern scientists and this is evident from the many attempts being undertaken in the world today to explore every bit of the outer space.
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1106

The Debate about Qualitative and Quantitative

In fact, in the use of questionnaires, various concepts can be put into operation while maintaining the objective of the research because the there will be a clear distance between the observer and the respondent [...]
  • 2.5
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 15
  • Words: 4149

History of the Telescope

This was not to be end of the journey in terms of improvement of the telescope. This kind of telescope solved the problem of chromatic aberration that was witnessed in the Keplerian telescopes.
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 1858

History of Pluto Exploration

It means that there is more to this planet aside from its being the outermost planet in the solar system. It was not only the 2oth century that an astronomer was able to discover the [...]
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1432

Nasa Exercise: Lost on the Moon

Two 100 pound tanks of oxygen Five gallons of water Stellar map Solar-powered FM transmitter/receiver Food concentrate First-aid kit with hypodermic syringes Fifty feet of nylon rope Parachute silk Signal flares
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 417

Reliability and Validity of Tests

Tests can be utilized as predictors when they demonstrate high levels of reliability and validity, having both factors is important for the most accurate and predictable results.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 297

A Mineral Appearance and Physical Properties

While the chemical formula and the crystal lattice of a given mineral can be determined in a laboratory setup, it is possible to determine the identity of a mineral using its physical properties.
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 623

Quantitative Research: Advantages & Disadvantages

The paper analyzes the assumptions underlying the use of quantitative research and misconceptions that exist. However, the paper provides a deep evaluation of different quantitative methods which can be helpful to novice researchers.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 564

Geology: Life’s Rocky Start Documentary

The documentary explains a theory on the inter-relationship of the evolution of both life and earth that is changing the great story of the planet. The documentary majorly focuses on science and therefore, is restricted [...]
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 618

Hawaii – A Volcano in the Sea

All the volcanoes in Hawaii are shield volcanoes. They are large and have shallow-sloping sides - almost like a warrior's shield.
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 11
  • Words: 2335

Critical Review of a Quantitative Research

The quantitative study by Farrelly and Murphy presents the argument that international students tend to find challenges in accommodation and cost of living.
  • 5
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1099

Semiconductor Opening Switches

In the second line, the energy is accumulated in the magnetic field of an inductive current-carrying circuit and delivered to a load using an opening switch.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2722

Sliding Friction: Static and Kinetic Friction

Friction is mainly depended on the nature of the surfaces and not the area of contact between the surfaces. The objectives of this experiment is to verify the laws of friction, the different types of [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1482

History of Pythagoras Theorem

The elementary components of the theory are believed to have been discovered and utilized by the ancient Babylonians, and probably the Chinese approximately 1000 years before Pythagoras proved the theorem in about 500 BC.
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1370

Theory Definition, Building, and Conflict with Practice

The theory forms the interface of systematic investigation, including analysis of data and interpretation, and the cognitive ability of researchers. The problem with most theories is that many researchers find it a problem to make [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 962

Earth as Compared With the Other Planets

The planet earth is divided into three layers; at the top is the crust; the mantle comes in the medial position and finally the core.
  • Subjects: Space Studies
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1751

Projectile Motion: Definition and Purpose

This was done to understand the effect of the height on projectile motion. In another set of the experiment, the height was kept constant and velocity was varied to understand the effect of initial velocity [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 12
  • Words: 890

Japan Oceanic Trench as a Subduction Zone

It is located on the floor of the Pacific Ocean, in the northeastern Japan waters. This result to increase in the density of the oceanic plate, forcing it to move into the mantle.
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 574

‘Formulating a Research Problem’ by Ranjit Kumar

The seven steps described in this chapter of the 'Research Methodology: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners' are: "identifying the problem of the research; acknowledging the importance of formulating a research problem; mentioning the sources of [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 593

The Sun: Uniqueness in the Universe

The sun is one of the common yellow stars in the universe. This explains why "the sun is one of the many middle-sized yellow stars in the universe".
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 648

Statistics in Business

For example, when deciding on the marketing strategy of the business, statistics helps in getting the actual data that can be used to advertise the products of a business.
  • 3
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 925

Research Design: Participants, Procedure and Techniques

The problems are: the question to be studied, making the data relevant to be incorporated in the study, the data that a researcher need to collect and how the data collected may be analyzed.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 859

Ocean Currents: General Information

There are generally two types of ocean currents depending on the water level where the movement of oceanic water takes place and they are the deep ocean currents and the surface ocean currents.
  • 3.7
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1650

Centripetal Force: Experimental Analysis

The centripetal force formula determines, Fc = /R, that the value of this force is inversely proportional to the radius of the circle: that is, the further the object is from the center of the [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 733

Statistics and Decision-Making Analysis

In the case of the first state of nature, the demand for the COVID-19 vaccine and Amoxicillin will increase; the second state of nature would mean that the demand for COVID-related pharmaceuticals remains the same, [...]
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 834

The Centripetal Force Experiment

As force acts on an object in motion, its acceleration and direction of force act towards the center of the circular path.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 866

The Elasticity Experiment in Physics

The difference between the initial and final values of the position of the lower end of the spring corresponds to the vertical displacement, that is, it shows how much the given weight was able to [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 782

Relation Between Force and Motion

In one case, the mass of the weights was changed, resulting in a change in the speed of the cart. Based on the acceleration and mass of each cart, it is possible to calculate the [...]
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 634

Health Lifestyle Cities Dataset Analysis

The metrics were as follows sunshine hours, cost of a bottle of water, obesity levels, life expectancy, pollution, annual average hours worked and happiness levels.
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 867

The Scientific Method; The Thumb Lab

The control in this experiment is the indication of the time needed to perform each of the listed procedures. The dependent variable in the experiment is the two examined conditions performing activities with thumbs and [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 449

Linear Equations Comprehensive Study

Rene refined the idea of the standard notation equation of a line given as y=mx + b, m which represents the slope and determines the change in y for every unit change in x, b [...]
  • Subjects: Math
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 751

New Artemis Accords Comparison to Outer Space Treaty

Section 10 emphasizes that the signatories are obliged to "inform the Secretary-General of the United Nations, the public and the international scientific community, regarding the extraction of space resources activities by the Outer Space Treaty".
  • Subjects: Space Studies
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1591

A Null and an Alternate Hypothesis

The reason why the null hypothesis is structured this way is that the hypothesis is normally formulated for rejection. Therefore, for every null hypothesis, there should be an alternative hypothesis that is framed in such [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 570

About Tissue Engineering

Another issue is in the functionality and stability of the artificially made tissues. Tissue engineering is the process of producing artificial tissues.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 579

Liquid Mirror Telescope Technology

The history of liquid mirror telescope can be traced to Ernesto Capocci of the Naples Observatory in 1850, who described the concept of a parabolic mirror formed by rotating a vessel of liquid mercury.
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1105

Geology of County Antrim: Carrickfergus to Cushendun

The national Trust manages the cliffs and foreshore and it is under the supervision of the Environment and Heritage Service of the Department of the Environment of the Northern Ireland.
  • Subjects: Geology
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2247

Chi-Square – Test to Evaluate an Intervention

In order to perform the calculations, the information was organized in the form of a table suitable for chi-square analysis. Dataset In order to answer the research question, the goodness of fit chi-square test was [...]
  • Subjects: Statistics
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 800

Quantitative Methods of Inquiry in the Research

In this assignment, the objective is to describe quantitative methods of inquiry and statistical analysis to establish patterns and trends in the number of discharges in various states and regions of the United States.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 759

Study of the Research Paradigm

The understanding of various approaches to identification of reality, objectivity and subjectivity of knowledge, systems of research, and methods of data collection and analysis is highly significant for modern scholars.
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 615

Life on Other Planets

The researchers have analyzed the microscopic life that exists in areas of extreme heat, where water supply exists in the form of salt lakes.
  • Subjects: Astronomy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 661

Research Instrument Validation and Related Threats

Also, it is imperative to say that another important aspect that should not be disregarded is that the reaction to the study may be affected if students become aware of the purpose, and may make [...]
  • Subjects: Scientific Method
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 590

Solar-Powered Water Cooler System

The design of a solar-powered water cooler is based on the normal components and operations of cooling systems. The design of a solar-powered water cooler will help in providing water-cooling services to the people in [...]
  • 1
  • Subjects: Physics
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2505