Law Essay Examples and Topics. Page 43

6,110 samples

Illicit Drugs Policy and Criminal Justice

The key premise of the development and establishment of this policy was the increase in illegal drug shipments and criminal activity under the influence of narcotic substances.
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 546

Suspect Examination and Body Seach in Terry v Ohio

Even though the court excluded the trial concept that the firearms had been detained throughout a search event according to a legitimate seizure, the court rejected the attempt to suppress and acknowledged the firearms as [...]
  • Subjects: Judicial Process on Criminals
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1390

Plea Bargaining, Its Effects and Ethics

The accused expects the Judge to minimize the sentence on the basis of the fact that the defendant pleads guilty. The ethics of plea bargaining are represented by a continuous debate on the rejection of [...]
  • Subjects: Judicial Process on Criminals
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 606

Antitrust Regulations: Online Retailers and Manufacturers

Before proceeding to discuss the actual effects of the initiative's implementation on the fashion industry in the West, we need to highlight the discursive significance of some of the issue's qualitative aspects.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1439

Equal Treatment Under the Law in Modern Society

The importance of equal treatment under the law can be explained by the ambiguity that is inherent in the opinions of the Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States.
  • Subjects: Law Ethics
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 574

Canadian vs. American Post-Abortion Care

When it comes to the history of the abortion policy in Canada, before the 1980s, for a woman to undergo the procedure terminating a pregnancy, the permission of a four-member committee of doctors was required [...]
  • Subjects: Health Law
  • Pages: 12
  • Words: 3273

British vs. Japanese Homosexuality Criminal Laws

Nowadays, it is used in most of the countries that want to emphasize the diversity of the issue. It was not until the 1960s that the prominence of liberalisation of sex activity started to be [...]
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2763

Policy Analysis on the Prison Rape Elimination Act 2003

Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 is the first federal law in America to ever tackle the issue of prison rape, which existed ever since the conception of the modern prison system, but has been [...]
  • Subjects: Criminology
  • Pages: 20
  • Words: 5611

Gulf Agency Inc.’s Legal Case in Saudi Arabia

The plaintiffs, Gregory Defleron and Leslie Defleron filed a lawsuit against GAC because they were dissatisfied with the quality of the suggested services and with the absence of the notification about the cancelation of the [...]
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1397

Open Source Movement, Copyright, and Copyleft

In contrast to the traditional approach of the copyright that assumes limited freedom of copying works, copyleft strives to employ copyright laws to expand the rights and freedoms of people.
  • Subjects: Intellectual Property
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 1990

Analysis of the American Health Care Reform

Moreover, it is essential to state that the proposed novelty is connected to potential positive changes in people's access to health care due to increased access to health insurance. With the anticipated increase in access [...]
  • Subjects: Health Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 551

Employment Law and Health Care

One of the most influential and critical laws is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, commonly referred to as the Affordable Care Act or simply the ACA.
  • Subjects: Health Law
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 880

The Eighth Amendment and the US Supreme Court

The paper at hand is going to analyze the attitudes to the Eight Amendment during the terms of the Warren Court, the Burger Court, the Rehnquist Court, and the current Roberts Court.
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1722

Contractual Clauses, Benchmarks, and Scandals

The regulatory authorities tried to resolve the issues that arose in the scandals by taking the perpetrators to court and introducing reforms into the bank's standards and practices.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 14
  • Words: 3972

Post-Trial Process in Criminal Law

Conversely, if a judge becomes conscious of the fact that a verdict is inaccurate, they may allow conducting a new hearing to escape the defendant's petition and an obligation to reverse the verdict of the [...]
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 866

Sex Trafficking, Its Victims, Offenders, and Laws

Based on the factors depicted above, the primary goal of the paper is to understand the working mechanism of sex trafficking by describing the characteristics of the victims, offenders, applicable laws, and steps to face [...]
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 627

Criminal Charge and Its Role in the Litigation

If the case involves an evident offense, the final decision concerning the complaint is often transferred from the prosecuting attorney to the grand juries.
  • Subjects: Judicial Process on Criminals
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1397

US Supreme Court’s Ideological Tendencies

Political views are considered to be one of the key factors when the question is about the role of the politics in the decisions of the US Supreme Court.
  • Subjects: Constitutional Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 558

Hans Von Hentig’s Approach to Crime

In order to discuss the male's crimes in detail, it is important to focus on the relationship between the suspect and victims from the perspective of Hans von Hentig's theory.
  • Subjects: Criminology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 562

The Need for the Hate Crime Legislation

The retribution argument is concerned with the severity of hate crimes and states that bigots have to be punished more severely than other offenders.
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 873

Parliamentary Sovereignty in the United Kingdom

10 As deduced from the definition of the sovereignty of the parliament, it is clear that the lack of the codified constitution in the U.K.has given the emphasis on the doctrine of the parliamentary supremacy.
  • Subjects: Constitutional Law
  • Pages: 9
  • Words: 2069

“Sarbanes-Oxley – Context & Theory” by Jasso

As the further application of the concept to the realm of the global market has shown, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act allows viewing the problems in the contemporary financial landscape of the global market from the societal, [...]
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 1100

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Its Theme and Takeaways

The full title of the Act is "An Act To protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures made pursuant to the securities laws, and for other purposes".
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1127

China’s Law, Finance, and Economic Growth Nexus

Besides providing the reflection of the status quo of China's economic phenomenon aspect, section 3 offers recommendations that the country can establish to address the wanting legal protection of minority shareholders.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2555

Handcuffing Policy Analysis and Recommendations

The efficacy of this novel policy lies in the fact that by being just towards the convicts the court will be able to elicit trust and respect in the detained individuals.
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 562

Hate Crimes: Effective Sentencing Option

However, the sophistication of the coherent society and the great attention given to various humanistic issues result in the appearance of several factors that might be considered mitigating circumstances. For this reason, it is possible [...]
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1122

Law Enforcement’s Response on Hate Crimes

Despite the vitality of the legal definition of hate crime, the desire of the victim to participate in the lawsuits also affects the prosecutor's involvement.
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 606

Hate Crimes: Crimes or Deviant Behavior?

Because hate crimes are associated with the violation of the First Amendment rights of freedom of speech and association, it is believed that the motive for hate crimes is a crime itself.
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 577

Insight into Hate Crimes: Who Is the Victim?

The assumption above means that football hate crimes can be avoided by reducing the competitiveness of the sport and promoting the idea of participation as opposed to winning as the focus of the game.
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1109

Regulating Law Enforcement and Intelligence

The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution is one of the regulations that significantly affect both law enforcement and intelligence gathering in the country.
  • Subjects: Constitutional Law
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1652

The United States Constitution and Criminal Justice

The legal principle called the Exclusionary Rule is the result of the Supreme Court interpretation of the constitutional right of the United States citizens to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures.
  • Subjects: Constitutional Law
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1130

Community Policing in the United States

The application of community policing in the Bronx and Florida described in these two cases refers to the differences between the times when the authors of these texts served as police officers and their knowledge [...]
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1125

Detectives Role in Investigation

In short, the work of a detective is not as exciting and glamorous as it is portrayed to be, and certainly not as effective as it is showed in the movies.
  • Subjects: Criminal Investigation
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1128

Police Ethics and Misconduct

In the first place, according to the Code of Ethics, the police officer has to be a representative of the law enforcement system and "protect the constitutional safeguards".
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1174

Police’ Discretion: Definition, Examples and Rationality

Meanwhile, Dempsey and Forst assume that discretion is particularly vital in the context of the police officers' activity. Despite the ambiguous character of the discretion outcomes, there is a series of reasons that explain the [...]
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1006

The English Influence on Modern Police

The police followed Peel's Nine Principles: preventing crime, depending on public approval, securing the public, securing the public proportionately to the necessity of physical force, demonstrating service to the law, restoring the law with physical [...]
  • Subjects: Crime Theories
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1166

Hormel/P9 Case: Negotiation Recommendations

Overall, a sit-down strike would have been a better solution because it would have forced the management and union executives to take the strikers more seriously.
  • Subjects: Labor Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 584

Exceptions to the Exclusionary Rule

In my opinion, exceptions to the Exclusionary Rule should only be made in the few cases where there is no other way to obtain evidence and only on the grounds of the probable cause, supported [...]
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 757

The Affordable Care Act and Improvements

According to the ACA, healthcare experts have to improve the population's health, shape health outcomes of patients, and follow the measurements established by the government.
  • Subjects: Health Law
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 289

Australian National Employment Standards

The National Employment Standards comprised of the conditions provided to employers. 3 The employers have to observe and adhere to the maximum hours the employees have to work in a week.
  • Subjects: Labor Law
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 1978

Labor Law in Australia and the United States

The employers had to observe and adhere to the maximum hours the employees had to work in a week. It was one of the reforms to the industrial relations in the Rudd Government.
  • Subjects: Labor Law
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 1876

Breach of a Law: Critical Thinking

The case discussed in this paper is an excellent example of an ethical challenge in which one participating company must decide on a course of action including whether to continue as one of the parties [...]
  • Subjects: Law Ethics
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1379

US vs. UAE Wrongful and Fraudulent Trading

Being appointed by the shareholders, the director is expected to bring the organization to success through the decisions one makes. Still, it may be that this person fails to cope with the duties and becomes [...]
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2772

Contract Types and Perfect Governmental Contract

This means that in the case of completion of the underlying act as per the contract agreement, the contract ceases to apply and is assumed to be null and void.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 567

Inter-Country Adoption Legitimacy

The postwar humanitarian objective attached to the concept of adoption and fostering of children has over the years been gradually corrupted and influenced by self-interest.
  • Subjects: Family Law
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1361

UAE Employee Equality in Sick Leave Provision

The actual laws and regulations concerning the provision of sick leaves to the employees in the UAE will be compared to the evidential data of the realities in the modern workplaces.
  • Subjects: Labor Law
  • Pages: 12
  • Words: 3412

Business Law and Bankruptcy

So as to okay the therapy and safeguarding of a business that may be in the throes of experiencing constraints of debts, the main focus of modern bankruptcy legislation and business debt restructuring performances do [...]
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 30
  • Words: 8308

Informational Privacy Issues at the Kroger Co.

The confidentiality agreement is not very punitive to the employer as it is to the employees with regard to their deliberate attempt to break the confidentiality of the employment agreement.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 582

European Union Anti-Money Laundering Directive

5
Its full name is Directive 2015/849 of the European Parliament and the Council on the prevention of the use of the financial system for money laundering or terrorist financing 2015/849 of the European Parliament and [...]
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2188

Homeland Security Department: Strategic Planning

The strategic plan that is most likely to experience the highest number of problems in the implementation phase will be that of ensuring that there is no entry of dangerous people in the United States.
  • Subjects: Homeland Security
  • Pages: 9
  • Words: 321

Health Law After Simkins vs. Cone Memorial Hospital

This paper shows that the 14th amendment was the most instrumental law in the case because it allowed amendments in the protection of equal rights in the American public and private health care sectors.
  • Subjects: Health Law
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1193

American Mafia: Crime Prevention and Prosecution

The Mafia is an informal and unofficial name given to a crime organization that has its roots in New York's Lower East Side and other areas of the East Coast of the United States of [...]
  • Subjects: Criminology
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1536

Main Line vs. Basinger Film: Breach Case

Determination of the number of liquidated damages, therefore, depends on the relationship between consequences of the breach and the loss suffered as well as the amount of loss that is suffered.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 865

Connaughton v Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc.

The legal issues in the case are that the defendant allowed the plaintiff to develop the ramen concept without being informed of the prior non-confidential agreement signed by the defendant and Chang.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1390

Negligence in Jones v. Allman: Legal Reasoning

Sarah and the rest of the crew arrived at the scene to prepare for the shoot. Based on the information that was given by Rayonier's representative, the crew had waited for the two trains to [...]
  • Subjects: Law Practice Management
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1624

Career Intervention for Female Juvenile Offenders

In the first half of the year, teaching and counseling program were developed for the juvenile offenders. The program was designed in a way to prepare the group for their career development and acceptance in [...]
  • Subjects: Juvenile Justice
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 832

UAE and US Company Laws and Director’s Liabilities

In this paper, the UAE and US company laws will be analyzed and evaluated with certain attention paid to fraudulent trading and wrongful trading to explain how and why directors of the UAE and US [...]
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 12
  • Words: 3344

Shareholders’ Agreement: Benefits and Drawbacks

Two types of relations may be discussed in terms of a shareholders' agreement: the relationships between different shareholders of a company and the relations between shareholders and a company.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2677

Labor Laws and Unions

The union leaders hold a meeting to discuss serious employees issues such as working conditions and outlay changes needed in employee-employer contract.
  • Subjects: Labor Law
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 863

Arbitration in the UAE, Its Pros and Cons

The peculiarity of this procedure is that the arbitrator is the one to resolve the conflict and decide what both parties must adhere to.
  • Subjects: Common Law
  • Pages: 18
  • Words: 4904

Critical Infrastructure Protection Initiatives

To begin with, the CIP approach offers specific functions that can be undertaken to support the integrity of different systems and critical infrastructures.
  • Subjects: Homeland Security
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1125

Project Planning and Its Legal Aspects

Differently put, the state is the side that ensures the trust between the participants of the contract since its legal apparatus is designed to protect the sides from the wrongdoings of their partners.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1429

The Competition Law in the UAE

It is possible to consider major dos and do nots of the right competition practices to understand the benefits of the implementation of the Competition Law in the UAE.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1692

Personality Trait and Fraudulent Behaviour

The rate of professional crime varies directly with the supply of illegal opportunities, as well as the supply of people and organizations vulnerable or motivated to utilize them whereas the rate and occurrence of the [...]
  • Subjects: Criminology
  • Pages: 20
  • Words: 5498

Miranda Warnings in the United States

The Miranda Rights comprise a significant part of the law enforcement system in the United States of America. The full text of Miranda Rights sounds as follows: "You have the right to remain silent.
  • Subjects: Constitutional Law
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 839

Employment Law Compliance Plan

In India, the increasing employee expectations have resulted in the weakening of authority, more attention to work ethics and an increased number of activists in the employment sector. Therefore, to retain employees in India, it [...]
  • Subjects: Labor Law
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1396

Obergefell vs. Hodge: Supreme Court Case

Hodges is one of the most significant cases of the US Supreme Court, in which the Court ruled that marriage equality is a fundamental right of the citizens guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment to the [...]
  • Subjects: Constitutional Law
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1485

The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969

It should be said that to control this law enforcement the special Council of Environmental Quality which will be located in the Executive office of the President is created.
  • Subjects: Environmental Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 550

UAE and UK Contract Law: Misrepresentation and Duress

Contract law is the agreement that should clear identify the situation and help the parties be equal; misrepresentation and duress can influence the quality of the contract and have to be properly understood by the [...]
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2798

Employment in the EU: the Working Time Directive

Thus, the primary objective of the WTD is to implement EU-wide working time and schedule standards so as to protect the workers' health and safety and further the integration of the single labor market.
  • Subjects: Labor Law
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 1873

Fraud and Bribery in Global Business Transactions

The convention assists in assuring that there is a certain level of similarity in the parties' initiatives to fight against the bribery of foreign public officials.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 19
  • Words: 5248

Australian Information Law Issues

The authenticity of the e-book is subject to several policies and laws enshrined in the Australian constitution, concerning the sharing of confidential information of individuals.
  • Subjects: Intellectual Property
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2332

Sexual Harassment Dispute

This paper will analyze the main facts of this case and the goals of the parties that were involved in it.
  • Subjects: Constitutional Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 563

Regulating Business Relations: Criminal and Civil Law

This category of law is associated with acts of crime against an individual or the public. Human conduct: Criminal law is applied if the accused is suspected of acts of commission or omission.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 941

Use of Force in Law Enforcement

This paper discusses the use of force by law enforcement officers and attempts to explain why it is necessary to allow the use of force in the enforcement of law and administration of justice.
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 635

Copyright in China and the United States

While the copyright in the USA is rather well-protected, the situation in China is much more adverse from the legal, economic, and political points of view, and thus requires some important changes to be implemented [...]
  • Subjects: Intellectual Property
  • Pages: 11
  • Words: 3430

Buchwald v. Paramount Pictures Corp.: Legal Issues

In the year 1983, the company signed an agreement with the producer about the production of the movie. In the contract, it was agreed that Bernheim was to be the director of the film.
  • Subjects: Intellectual Property
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 572

Dubai International Financial Center’s Courts

To identify the worth of the expansion of the DIFC Courts' jurisdiction, the essence of the chosen court system, its peculiar features, and the positive and negative aspects of the process have to be considered [...]
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 9
  • Words: 2490

Republic of Austria et al. v. Altmann Case Analysis

The issue that caused the violation of the respondent's rights was the unwillingness of Austria to return the property of Altmann by claiming its immunity to the Foreign Sovereign Immunity Act based on the absence [...]
  • Subjects: Common Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 547

Dealing with a Repeat Child Sex Molester

Incarceration centers should provide guidance and counseling services to repeat child sexual molesters to help the criminals gain a purpose in life.
  • Subjects: Criminology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 279

Employment Equity Act: Aboriginals and Disabilities Persons

If the Employment Equity Act is applied appropriately, the Act will guarantee that people in the labour force are given the opportunity of the equivalent admission to job openings along with identical management in the [...]
  • Subjects: Labor Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 3846

Trade and Legal Risks to Businesses in the UAE

In the UAE, the use of agents raises a legal risk because foreign firms have to use local agents to sell goods and services directly to the people.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2841

Employment-at-will Doctrine in South Carolina

In the absence of any modification, the laws open employees to the vulnerability of sudden or arbitrary dismissals. While employers can fire employees for any reason at will, common law exceptions to the rule prohibit [...]
  • Subjects: Labor Law
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1428

Supermax and Prison Regimes in the UK

The prison regimes of Supermax and prisons in the United Kingdom are similar in that they classify criminals, according to their age, gender, crimes committed, and the risk they pose to the prisoners, prison guards, [...]
  • Subjects: Criminology
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2255

Whistleblowing Features and Sarbanes-Oxley Act

Tye managed to show the public that the application of the order in the way the data was being collected and retained would violate the rights of the US citizens.
  • Subjects: Constitutional Law
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 836

Mergers and Acquisitions Laws in the UAE

5
The main laws that regulate the formation of M&A are the Competition Law of 2012 and the Commercial Companies Law of 1984, which was amended in 1988.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2765

Jessica Lenahan’ vs United States’ Case

The position of the court was that Lenahan had not presented enough evidence before the court to show that the police had failed to take action as required by the restricting order.
  • Subjects: Judicial Process on Criminals
  • Pages: 10
  • Words: 2862

Federal Contract Compliance: Equal Employment Opportunity

Therefore, the purpose of analyzing and developing a comprehensive analysis of the EEO requirement is to ensure that the organization has a comprehensive affirmative action plan in order to avoid any case of discrimination when [...]
  • Subjects: Labor Law
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1231

Online Life-Coaching Contracts

A careful review of the different forms of online coaching agreements and contracts reveals that the contract is the transition of the coach-client relationship into a professional relationship.
  • Subjects: Business & Corporate Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 579

The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act

Admittedly, this law has limited the accessibility of firearms to those individuals who may pose a threat to the lives of other people.
  • Subjects: Criminal Law
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 572

Environmental Laws in the UAE

The laws and regulations of Federal Law No of 1999 for the Protection and Development of the Environment form the backbone of the Environmental Law within the UAE.
  • Subjects: Environmental Law
  • Pages: 15
  • Words: 4162

Life Insurance Policy Choice

Whole life insurance is a fixed premium insurance policy which covers the lifetime of the insured, as long as the premiums are paid.
  • Subjects: Common Law
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1209

Italian Mafia in America

The demand for protection occurs when the government is unable to resolve disputes in permissible markets and as such, entrepreneurs engage in the sale of illegal commodities in illegal markets.
  • Subjects: Criminology
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 599

Justice Responses to Sexual Harassment Cases

According to the authors of the article, the investigative role is supposed to be performed by the jurors because they often find it cumbersome to determine the liability of the accused.
  • Subjects: Criminology
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 876

Legislature and Judiciary Integration – Canadian Law

The judiciary assumes the role of interpreting the wording in statutes to bring out the context of the same and the intention of the legislature with regard to the various situations in which the statute [...]
  • Subjects: Constitutional Law
  • Pages: 12
  • Words: 3469