Philosophy Essay Examples and Topics. Page 13

2,079 samples

Aristotle: Natural Changes and His Theory of Form

The form of an object is the arrangement of the comprising components making up the object in focus. This is the counterpart of the subjects of predication in the Categories.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 556

The Socratic Legacy or the Cynic Legacy

The Socratic legacy understand that the moral life is the best life for the agent thus has the central role of linking Socrates' intuitions of the pre-eminence of morality with the theory of uniform self-interested [...]
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 981

What Leads to Cooperation and Competition

It is the practice of individuals or larger societal entities working in common with mutually agreed-upon goals and possibly methods, instead of working separately in competition, and in which the success of one is dependent [...]
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1504

Comparing the Portrayal of Socrates as Philosophical Martyr

Accomplishing the first claim of the assignment, it is necessary to emphasize, that Socrates as a historical person is viewed as the philosopher and sage who always lived in poverty, and Socrates is often regarded [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 902

Philosophical Perspectives on Death and Dying

These are fear of premature death, fear of the idea of death, fear of the dying process, fear of the death of significant others, fear of the unknown, fear of being destroyed, fear of the [...]
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2520

Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, David Hume

Hume's critique of theology is driven by and expressed as a suspicion that natural theology is for the most part an unconscious effort to rationalize and legitimate a preexisting and culturally acquired religious view of [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 1924

The Concept of Success From Different Aspects

Bessie Stanley, the author of the poem, What is a success, described success as, "He has achieved success who has lived well, laughed often, and loved much; Who has enjoyed the trust of pure women, [...]
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1418

The Amish Lifestyle and Religion

Dressing style is one of the most confronting aspects of the Amish religion in the sense that they tend to be traditional in their dressing styles and their dressing styles are the most simple ones.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1886

Comparative Eastern Influence on European Religion

They are based on philosophies that so much influence the life of the people in these regions. Confucianism advocated for social responsibility and that is why it has influenced the people of china for a [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 606

Machiavelli’s ‘The Prince’ Review

This book can be understood as the first modern text of political theory in the West because it sets down a pattern of conduct and policy which a "wise" sovereign should follow if he desires [...]
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 711

Free Will and Determinism Analysis

Jonathan Edwards, in his fundamental work The Freedom of the Will, argues that the will always choose according to its greatest desire at the moment of choice.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Science
  • Pages: 7
  • Words: 1579

“The Republic” by Plato Review

The allegory of the cave illustrates the place of the form of the good at the top of Plato's hierarchy. It addresses the images of education and governance.
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  • Subjects: Philosophy of Science
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1481

Buddhism in Koryo Analysis

Although some of the concepts similar to the teachings Buddhism had spread to Paschke and Koguyo, the places inhabited by the Koryo people, the religion preached by Buddha could not be firmly established in two [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 871

Meeting of Buddhist Monks and Nuns

The stupa became a symbol of the Buddha, of his final release from the cycle of birth and rebirth - the Parinirvana or the "Final Dying," the monk explained. He explained that the main Buddha [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2097

Karl Mark as an Economic Philosopher

The central concepts of Marxist economics include the theory of labor value, the disposition of production, and the inevitable conflicts between the classes.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 614

Ethical Philosophy: Moral Relativism

The idea that man is inherently selfish and is motivated only by his fundamental needs is not a new one. The idea is that any act of a human being requires some basic motivational factor.
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 681

Philosophy of Kantianism Critique

The ethics in Kantianism are deontological in nature which is based on the duty of the person instead of the emotional feelings and the goals.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 590

The Theory of Good Life

In this theory, Aristotle refers to a good life as being a happy life. Aristotle says that good life, since it is a final end, is explained in terms of human functions.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1452

American Government’s Power and Abuse

In the role of representatives of the people, it is prudent that the legislators seek to act in the best interest of the majority of the people and to do so with its input.
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 541

The Great Philosophers: Spinoza, Bentham, Mill, Kant

The interpretation of good and bad is dependent upon the context in which it is perceived. The philosophers Bentham and Mill associated the concept of utilitarianism with the study of ethics.
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 557

Absolute Knowledge Issues Analysis

The quest for absolute knowledge is fruitless because not a single person is able to claim with certainty that the specific idea or knowledge is absolute. Knowledge is the result of examination of ideas to [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 640

Anaximander’s vs. Greek and Darwin’s Theories

He was one of the first proponents of science as the positive and pragmatic knowledge needed for understanding the world and manipulating different things and processes.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 756

Zhuangzi Philosophy and Theorem of Language

He lived during the reign of King Hui of Liang and the time of King Xuan of ai. He was from the town of Meng which was situated in the state of song.
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1577

Master Zhuang’s Philosophical Theory of Freedom

Zhuang Zi is the name for both the traditional sinological transcription of the name of the putative author, and of the title of his major work Zhuang Zi."Chuang Tzu" is simply the transliteration according to [...]
  • Subjects: Freedom Philosophy
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2066

Philosophy and Metaphysics: What Is It?

The idea of necessity is that any necessary fact is true across all possible worlds; that is, we could not envisage it to be otherwise.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 597

Benjamin’s and Adorno’s Theories of Esthetics

It should be noted that unlike other reactions to these changes Adorno and Benjamin's stances have critical potential as both these authors can be placed within the Left tradition of philosophical thought.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2582

Minister: Temptations, Blessings, and Rule of Life

The temptation to be relevant is likely to affect the life of a minister in case they forget that serving the Lord and following His Word should be the focus of their efforts and, instead, [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 13
  • Words: 3630

Chapter 6 of “Philosophy of Religion” by Rowe

During this week, Chapter 6, "Faith and Reason", has to be analyzed to contribute to the discussion of theism and atheism and clarify the connection between faith and reasons.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 312

Faith and Critical Reason Issues

My understanding of faith is close to the definition suggested by Tilley, who argues that faith is the relationship between the person who has faith and that "which one has faith in".
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1235

Views and Theories on the War in Ancient Times

The Peloponnesian War was a significant period in the history of the Mediterranean region, which caused the deterioration of the power of Athens and made Sparta the key city-state in the area.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1165

David Hume’s Gnoseological Skepticism

One of the main criticisms of David Hume's gnoseological model has been traditionally reflective of the assumption that being strongly reductionist denies the possibility for people to be able to attain a complete understanding of [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1405

Stoics and Epicureans’ Philosophies of Life

In their respective teachings, namely, Enchiridion and Meditations, Epictetus and Marcus Aurelius provide insightful thoughts regarding the philosophy of life as depicted in the course of people's search for happiness and improved livelihood. The Epicurean [...]
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1414

Political Legitimacy Matrix

Locke states that people are "constantly exposed to the invasion of others...and the greater part no strict observers of equity and justice, the enjoyment of the property he has in this state is very unsafe". [...]
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 858

The Art and Danger of the Question

The study of ancient thinkers' philosophical arguments, their concepts, and the interpretation of certain social norms and laws is the goal of the educational course and the work conducted during this period.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1189

Value Judgments in Scientific Research

This is because the inductive risk, or the risk of error in rejecting or confirming a scientific hypothesis, forces scientists to make value judgments.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Science
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 560

Fine-Tuning Teleological Argument and Objections

The objection states that the observation that humanity exists is claimed to support the fine-tuning argument. Therefore, the people who use fine-tuning to prove God's existence do not deny the possibility of non-carbon life.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1191

“Washing Away Your Sins” by Zhong & Liljenquist

The participants in the third study were asked to repeat the recalling process of the first study after which they had to choose between a pencil and an antiseptic wipe as gifts.
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1215

Xenophanes’ Knowledge Theory in Fragment 10

The philosopher indicates that the process of acquiring knowledge only reveals what is close to the truth. It emphasized the idea that people, not gods, were responsible for their words, thoughts, and actions, which also [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1009

Philosophy of Fox and Human: Thinking with Animals

Another time, when I was camping with my family, the fox crept up so close to the tent that my brother and I accidentally scared it away, and the fox ran down the garden and [...]
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1161

Seneca 8-19 vs. Hannah Arendt and Seneca 20-27 vs. Cohen

In my belief, it is much better to avoid overthinking, be ready to accept any situation, and realize the fact that regardless of all problems and challenges, human beings are born to be happy as [...]
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1012

Heroism and the Pursuit of a Meaningful Life

The concept of the meaning of life is a broad and contested topic in the literature. A sense of belonging is an essential facet of heroism and human social life in general.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1175

The Philosophies of Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton

Hamilton envisioned the U.S.under the guidance of a strong federal government that can interfere in and manage the economy of the country, believing that the concept of a single united nation is more important than [...]
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 599

Military and Political Leadership

According to Yeginsu, the "coolness and rhetorical skill" of the Kurdish politician Demirtas helped him become the primary opposition against the current leader of the country President Erdogan.
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 575

John Locke’s Ideas on Citizens and Authorities

However, because of the nature of any philosophical assumption and because of the further evolution of our societies, some of these ideas can be doubted using some arguments that are relevant to the modern world.
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1104

Political Discourse: Marx, Locke, and Rousseau

Applying this idea to human society, the existence of multiple opinions and perspectives on the same issues can be taken as the guaranty of the emergence of some new concepts that appear while debating or [...]
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1091

Classical Antiquity and Christian-Based Philosophy

The distinctive features between the two concepts described are in the tools of knowledge, in particular, the subject, methods, and the ways of achieving the truth.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1098

Happiness in “Nicomachean Ethics” by Aristotle

The philosopher compares the life of gratification to that of slaves; the people who prefer this type of happiness are "vulgar," live the same life as "grazing animals," and only think about pleasure.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 353

Nature of Emotions in “Ethics” by Spinoza

A common feature for all emotions is that they are related to the mind "insofar as it is active" and, at the same time, they are associated with "pleasure and desire".
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 301

Prejudices in “Ethics” by Spinoza

The argument against this prejudice is that people are ignorant and do not realize that there are certain reasons for their desires.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 277

Meditation Two: Concerning the Nature of the Human Mind

Why does he argue that the "I" is a thinking thing, and what counts for him as "thinking"? Therefore, the philosopher's understanding of a "thinking thing" is related to such processes as analysis, meditation, and [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 622

Descartes’ and Socrates’ Doubt and Quest for Truth

However, doubting everything as proposed by Descartes is wrong because it may make us discard almost all of our knowledge.....in preparing the easiest way for us to withdraw the mind from the senses Descartes questions [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 888

Robert Nozick’s Conditions for Knowledge

The problem of Gettier is that such factors as the existence of a particular belief, as well as the truth of the proposition, do not reach universality and concreteness as it encounters counterexamples demonstrating the [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1115

Perdurance Versus Endurance: Theories Comparison

For instance, the supporters of the hypothesis often tend to the ideas of the theory of relativity, where they consider time as the unit of measurement that does not have constant indicators.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 294

Vocation in Frankl’s “Man’s Search for Meaning”

This is important to reveal as it is the key point of the philosopher's view on life. This is significant for the whole book as for Frankl, personal freedom is the individual's own choice of [...]
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 652

Greek Legacy in a Contemporary Democratic State

This may be one of the reasons that the application of ethics bestowed upon citizens in Ancient Greece led to its success, and to be referred to as one of the best democracies of its [...]
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1138

The Existence of Freedom

This paper assumes that it is the cognizance of the presence of choices for our actions that validates the existence of free will since, even if some extenuating circumstances and influences can impact what choice [...]
  • Subjects: Freedom Philosophy
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 832

Philosophy. Existence of God: Moral Arguments

However, the natural universe is characterized by gigantic, complex, and fascinating features compared to those of the artificial world. This means that there is no conclusion to a single creator of the universe.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1124

What Is Social Justice?

To my mind, the two most important principles of justice that should be used to govern within a just society are the selection of highly virtuous state leaders and government representatives to put in charge [...]
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 895

End of Life Planning

However, if the care is expensive, and it is clear that I will not make it, I do not want my family to spend their money to prolong my life by a few days or [...]
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 589

Importance of Ethics on Organisms

The implication of the consequentialism approach is that individuals should practice only those actions that give just, assertive, and ethical products, which do not compromise the lives of other organisms.
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1443

Social Justice: Philosophy of Employment

The philosophy of empowerment supports dignity and self-worth; as such, value to all people, regardless of their status or race is an important rule of empowerment.
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 553

Foresight Theory and Practice

The picture depicts a city of the future as seen in the middle of the 20th century. Slaughter claims that people of the 21st century tend to see the future society as dystopian.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 496

Socrates and His Methods

Inconsistencies in responses lead to a determination of truth of earlier statements; in short a question is broken down to a series of smaller questions in order to ultimately arrive at a more refined for [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1204

The Philosophy of Mohist Consequentialism

The consequentialist ethic of Mohism gave the definite characterization of what was considered to be the benefits as opposed to the harms. According to Mohism, without the institution of the government, there was no such [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 617

Chapters 1-3 of “After Capitalism” by Schweickart

According to the author, moral and pragmatic failures of capitalism are vividly evident in the modern world. In order to comprehend these lessons, it is necessary to compare and contrast socialism both in the 20th [...]
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 833

Positivist and Critical Paradigms

For example, the expected degradation of the environment in the Mackenzie delta was linked to the construction of a pipeline in the region.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1023

The Virtue of Courage in Theories and Experience

The teachings of the old and the wise seemed buried in the annals of yesteryears. This is courage in the truest sense of the word because it leads to many other virtues.
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 9
  • Words: 2476

Stoicism Employed in Ancient Rome

Remus and Romulus were twins, the children of Rhea and Mars. Romans argue that their republic developed based on a mythical story of the Romulus and Remus.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 635

Moral and Contemporary Philosophy

The philosophical utilitarianism view explains why morality is everybody's concern and elucidates the "nature of the reasons" behind any moral act.
  • Subjects: Ethical Philosophy
  • Pages: 8
  • Words: 2069

Plato and Socrates on the Ideal Leader’s Virtues

In the context of a community, different factors contribute to the definition of this ultimate success. This is important, as people in the community will stand a chance to achieve the higher statuses that they [...]
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 929

Philosophy: First Meditation of René Descartes

In doing this, he sets out on a planned course; to recall all he had believed as true, examine the reasons that made him doubt them, and to consider what to continue believing.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Works
  • Pages: 6
  • Words: 1703

Early Greek Philosophical Ideas About Reality

Heraclitus's argument on the non-existence of reality is a contradiction of anything that is perceived as permanent. Plato argues that people can now the Forms as a way of deriving absolute truth and becoming wise.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 694

Phenomenology: Zhuangzi’s Transformation of Things

As it was mentioned in the Introduction, the belief that it is one's psyche, which 'fuels' the functioning of his or her body, used to be considered utterly appealing by many people, throughout the course [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1446

Scientific Progress and Truth Seeking

The first approach is the epistemic view which considers knowledge to be crucial for humanity in the understanding of the progress.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Science
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 899

Plato’s and Aristotle’s Theories of Human Nature

Chapter five of Kupperman's book "Theories of human nature" looks at great philosophers, namely Plato's and Aristotle's points of view in trying to define humanity. The writer tries to illustrate the complexity of defining a [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 301

Black Death of Archbishop and Scientific Progress

The death led to the development of potential domains in modern medicine. His closeness to the king would have contributed to the rapid development of science.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Science
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 241

“Kant: The Need for Reason to Dominate” by Kupperman

It is because of the prior experiences or truths that the passenger has already structured about the truth before knowing the truth. The third is the Critique of Judgement, and that is another important aspect [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 320

The Philosophy Arguments of God Existence

He argues that human beings may not know the identity or the capability of the being that made the watch, but this does not negate the very existence of that being.
  • Subjects: Philosophy of Religion
  • Pages: 4
  • Words: 1283

Where Kami Can Possibly Lurk?

Speaking of my own experience of meeting a kami, I must admit that in my life, the presence of kami could be spotted in the cases when I had to make complicated life choices.
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 594

Socrates’ Ideas in an Interview with a Wise Man

From the standpoint of proactiveness and the willingness to change the world for the better, the specified approach toward managing complex issues might be seen as the sign of weakness.
  • Subjects: Life Philosophy
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 570

Legislative Power, Natural Law and Social Contract

As such, people should not be given more power in a society with the help of exercising legislative power, according to Locke, than they had in a natural state when they enjoyed no power.
  • Subjects: Political Philosophies
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 711

Dualism in Religion and Science Nowadays

The term "dualism" the most often associates with the name of the French scientist and philosopher Rene Descartes who discussed the difference between mind and matter in his works.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 856

Plato’s and Aristotle’s Philosophical Differences

According to Plato, the functioning of every human being is closely linked to the entire society. Therefore, the major difference here is that for Plato, the function of every individual is to improve the entire [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophers
  • Pages: 1
  • Words: 164

Life Meaning in Albert Camus’s Philosophy

Therefore, one's decision to end its life should be discussed within the context of how he or she strives to defy existence's absurdist essence: "The subject of this essay is precisely this relationship between absurd [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1446

Truth Establishment Rules by Rene Descartes

The advantage of this thinking is that it puts a person to the task to ensure that they have done all possible research before calling something as truth.
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 629

Philosophical Discipline: Theory of Knowledge

A good approach to tackling the idea of "justified true belief" would be by starting with the introduction of the Theory of knowledge, a philosophic discipline from the dialogues of Plato in his endeavour to [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Concept
  • Pages: 2
  • Words: 614

The Mystery of Legal Failure

This is because of the wrong attitudes in the society which are mainly caused by the failure of the legal system.
  • Subjects: Law Philosophy
  • Pages: 3
  • Words: 985

Stoicism in History and Present-Day Reality

Not many of the old philosophical schools had means to resist the progress and survive through the development of science. The period around 300 BC in Greece is characterized by the blossom and thriving of [...]
  • Subjects: Philosophical Theories
  • Pages: 5
  • Words: 1395