Zhuang Zi is the name for both the traditional sinological transcription of the name of the putative author, and of the title of his major work Zhuang Zi."Chuang Tzu" is simply the transliteration according to [...]
The idea of necessity is that any necessary fact is true across all possible worlds; that is, we could not envisage it to be otherwise.
The temptation to be relevant is likely to affect the life of a minister in case they forget that serving the Lord and following His Word should be the focus of their efforts and, instead, [...]
The idea of immortality is one of the key themes that are discussed in theism in terms of the problem of evil.
During this week, Chapter 6, "Faith and Reason", has to be analyzed to contribute to the discussion of theism and atheism and clarify the connection between faith and reasons.
People are free to share their opinions and beliefs, but one thing remains the same that the presence of evil and suffering in human life disrupts the idea of God's supernatural powers.
Nevertheless, Hobbes seems to distinguish his writings on the Law of Nature from realistic conditions, with the philosophy based on maxims of the knowledge of human nature and behavior that apply moral precepts on science [...]
My understanding of faith is close to the definition suggested by Tilley, who argues that faith is the relationship between the person who has faith and that "which one has faith in".
The Peloponnesian War was a significant period in the history of the Mediterranean region, which caused the deterioration of the power of Athens and made Sparta the key city-state in the area.
One of the main criticisms of David Hume's gnoseological model has been traditionally reflective of the assumption that being strongly reductionist denies the possibility for people to be able to attain a complete understanding of [...]
In their respective teachings, namely, Enchiridion and Meditations, Epictetus and Marcus Aurelius provide insightful thoughts regarding the philosophy of life as depicted in the course of people's search for happiness and improved livelihood. The Epicurean [...]
Locke states that people are "constantly exposed to the invasion of others...and the greater part no strict observers of equity and justice, the enjoyment of the property he has in this state is very unsafe". [...]
At the same time, the philosopher believed that in order to realize the full potential of humanity and every individual, the practice of alienated labor, as well as private ownership and class division associated with [...]
The study of ancient thinkers' philosophical arguments, their concepts, and the interpretation of certain social norms and laws is the goal of the educational course and the work conducted during this period.
This is because the inductive risk, or the risk of error in rejecting or confirming a scientific hypothesis, forces scientists to make value judgments.
The philosopher indicates that the process of acquiring knowledge only reveals what is close to the truth. It emphasized the idea that people, not gods, were responsible for their words, thoughts, and actions, which also [...]
Another time, when I was camping with my family, the fox crept up so close to the tent that my brother and I accidentally scared it away, and the fox ran down the garden and [...]
Both written at a time when philosophers had started questioning the relevance of capitalism and the concept of wealth creation, it is evident that the two authors were keen on explaining the power of money [...]
In my belief, it is much better to avoid overthinking, be ready to accept any situation, and realize the fact that regardless of all problems and challenges, human beings are born to be happy as [...]
As captured in the research findings, the article identifies the young adults as the majority of unaffiliated while senior adults are the least unaffiliated.
The concept of the meaning of life is a broad and contested topic in the literature. A sense of belonging is an essential facet of heroism and human social life in general.
Hamilton envisioned the U.S.under the guidance of a strong federal government that can interfere in and manage the economy of the country, believing that the concept of a single united nation is more important than [...]
According to Yeginsu, the "coolness and rhetorical skill" of the Kurdish politician Demirtas helped him become the primary opposition against the current leader of the country President Erdogan.
The main message of this text is represented by the Unlimited that is said to be the main element of the things that exist.
Berkeley found evident flaws in Locke's "copy theory" and shaped his views into a cohesive philosophy that could hardly be criticized by the thinkers of his time.
Pascal's wager indicates that individuals who decide to believe in the existence of God and continue to obey His teachings will eventually become part of His kingdom.
However, because of the nature of any philosophical assumption and because of the further evolution of our societies, some of these ideas can be doubted using some arguments that are relevant to the modern world.
Applying this idea to human society, the existence of multiple opinions and perspectives on the same issues can be taken as the guaranty of the emergence of some new concepts that appear while debating or [...]
Immanuel Kant is considered the most influential philosopher of the Age of Enlightenment and one of the greatest Western thinkers of all times.
The first reason why people can choose to be happy is that even in sad circumstances, they can remember positive experiences and improve their mood. Despite the circumstances, it is possible to remain happy when [...]
The distinctive features between the two concepts described are in the tools of knowledge, in particular, the subject, methods, and the ways of achieving the truth.
The third argument that can be employed to discuss whether Socrates was a Christian thinker is the philosopher's loyalty to his people.
Thus, a personality that is relevant to the expectations of his or her time has to correspond to the stage of world development.
A common feature for all emotions is that they are related to the mind "insofar as it is active" and, at the same time, they are associated with "pleasure and desire".
The argument against this prejudice is that people are ignorant and do not realize that there are certain reasons for their desires.
Why does he argue that the "I" is a thinking thing, and what counts for him as "thinking"? Therefore, the philosopher's understanding of a "thinking thing" is related to such processes as analysis, meditation, and [...]
However, doubting everything as proposed by Descartes is wrong because it may make us discard almost all of our knowledge.....in preparing the easiest way for us to withdraw the mind from the senses Descartes questions [...]
It is the same point, and the entity designated by these different words is one, but I do not think that the point of intersection of a and b will be equal to the point [...]
For instance, the supporters of the hypothesis often tend to the ideas of the theory of relativity, where they consider time as the unit of measurement that does not have constant indicators.
Although I disagree with the philosophy of idealism, it is a fact that it managed to create a better world following the events of World War I.
This is important to reveal as it is the key point of the philosopher's view on life. This is significant for the whole book as for Frankl, personal freedom is the individual's own choice of [...]
This may be one of the reasons that the application of ethics bestowed upon citizens in Ancient Greece led to its success, and to be referred to as one of the best democracies of its [...]
This paper assumes that it is the cognizance of the presence of choices for our actions that validates the existence of free will since, even if some extenuating circumstances and influences can impact what choice [...]
Divine ego is part of the mind that reacts to reality by deciding on what options to take in response to life experiences. Human beings, therefore, need to have faith in the Almighty.
However, the natural universe is characterized by gigantic, complex, and fascinating features compared to those of the artificial world. This means that there is no conclusion to a single creator of the universe.
To my mind, the two most important principles of justice that should be used to govern within a just society are the selection of highly virtuous state leaders and government representatives to put in charge [...]
The implication of the consequentialism approach is that individuals should practice only those actions that give just, assertive, and ethical products, which do not compromise the lives of other organisms.
In the conclusion of the fourth part of Discourse on Method lies Descartes' paradoxical assertion that the whole process of systematic and rational deduction is based on our assured knowledge of God, however, in the [...]
Proteus, a god in Greek mythology, is referred to as the god of 'elusive sea change' and is known to change just as the seawater or water in any container is bound to change shape.
The picture depicts a city of the future as seen in the middle of the 20th century. Slaughter claims that people of the 21st century tend to see the future society as dystopian.
As for one to be accorded the status of a professional he has to practice the skills required in that profession.
Inconsistencies in responses lead to a determination of truth of earlier statements; in short a question is broken down to a series of smaller questions in order to ultimately arrive at a more refined for [...]
According to the author, moral and pragmatic failures of capitalism are vividly evident in the modern world. In order to comprehend these lessons, it is necessary to compare and contrast socialism both in the 20th [...]
One of the earliest ontological arguments, in defense of the de facto existence of God, is that of Anselm of Canterbury.
For example, the expected degradation of the environment in the Mackenzie delta was linked to the construction of a pipeline in the region.
An extended number of perspectives, therefore, is the basis for the concept of objectivity and it should not be based solely on the implications of one's view of the world.
Determinism takes the position that everything which happens is supposed to happen only in that way and not in any other because everything is planned before and ours is just to follow the programming of [...]
At the height of the French revolution, there still stood some characters that dared to stand out and speak for the rights of the people.
The teachings of the old and the wise seemed buried in the annals of yesteryears. This is courage in the truest sense of the word because it leads to many other virtues.
C: "An unjust law is a code that is out of harmony with the moral law". C: "An unjust law is a human law that is not rooted in eternal law and natural law".
The notion of a state should be treated in such a way that the physical condition of the world remains independent of logic.
Kant's notion on the possibility of knowledge of an objective realm reducing to the possibility of a priori synthetic judgment is explained by his interest in necessary truth, the theory of a priori, and necessity.
Consequently, the outcome of a course of action that is on the course of being undertaken or is to be undertaken lies in the value of the outcome.
Nowadays, people are more accustomed to the thought that it is possible, but it is still obvious that people had nothing to do with the creation of the world of animals.
Remus and Romulus were twins, the children of Rhea and Mars. Romans argue that their republic developed based on a mythical story of the Romulus and Remus.
The philosophical utilitarianism view explains why morality is everybody's concern and elucidates the "nature of the reasons" behind any moral act.
Perhaps, because of the complicacy of the ratio of the long and the shorter, it could be demonstrated with the line best.
In the context of a community, different factors contribute to the definition of this ultimate success. This is important, as people in the community will stand a chance to achieve the higher statuses that they [...]
More importantly, I would not want to know when I would die because that would be no kind of life to live.
Descartes is of the opinion that "the concept of intellectual justification and its role in the concept of knowledge is problematic".
In the context of Malcolm X's view, the American war for independence underpins the notion that American society awaits another fight for the liberation of the black community.
Heraclitus's argument on the non-existence of reality is a contradiction of anything that is perceived as permanent. Plato argues that people can now the Forms as a way of deriving absolute truth and becoming wise.
As it was mentioned in the Introduction, the belief that it is one's psyche, which 'fuels' the functioning of his or her body, used to be considered utterly appealing by many people, throughout the course [...]
I admitted it was impossible to complete the coursework before the deadline, but I persisted and worked through the night to complete the assignment.
I think the significance of metaphysic in philosophy is to explain the meaning of things that do not change. In such context, the society is observed as an individual.
Chapter seven of Kupperman's book "Theories of human nature" describes the essentiality of human imperfections to the doctrine of original sin.
Chapter five of Kupperman's book "Theories of human nature" looks at great philosophers, namely Plato's and Aristotle's points of view in trying to define humanity. The writer tries to illustrate the complexity of defining a [...]
The death led to the development of potential domains in modern medicine. His closeness to the king would have contributed to the rapid development of science.
It is because of the prior experiences or truths that the passenger has already structured about the truth before knowing the truth. The third is the Critique of Judgement, and that is another important aspect [...]
He argues that human beings may not know the identity or the capability of the being that made the watch, but this does not negate the very existence of that being.
Speaking of my own experience of meeting a kami, I must admit that in my life, the presence of kami could be spotted in the cases when I had to make complicated life choices.
Similar to the theme of natural forces, in 'The Open Boat,' Crane describes the plight of four men who have been shipwrecked and are isolated on the ocean in a tiny dinghy.
From the standpoint of proactiveness and the willingness to change the world for the better, the specified approach toward managing complex issues might be seen as the sign of weakness.
As such, people should not be given more power in a society with the help of exercising legislative power, according to Locke, than they had in a natural state when they enjoyed no power.
The term "dualism" the most often associates with the name of the French scientist and philosopher Rene Descartes who discussed the difference between mind and matter in his works.
The fight against religion is, therefore seen as a fight against the whole of humanity. The emancipation of Germans is the emancipation of man.
Thrasymachus argues that the moral values in the society are a complete reflection of the interests of the ruling group and not the society as a whole.
According to Plato, the functioning of every human being is closely linked to the entire society. Therefore, the major difference here is that for Plato, the function of every individual is to improve the entire [...]
Thus, with this form of surveillance, the public has to conform, which is to engage in simple and acceptable activities when online so as not to stand out.
Therefore, one's decision to end its life should be discussed within the context of how he or she strives to defy existence's absurdist essence: "The subject of this essay is precisely this relationship between absurd [...]
The advantage of this thinking is that it puts a person to the task to ensure that they have done all possible research before calling something as truth.
A good approach to tackling the idea of "justified true belief" would be by starting with the introduction of the Theory of knowledge, a philosophic discipline from the dialogues of Plato in his endeavour to [...]
This is because of the wrong attitudes in the society which are mainly caused by the failure of the legal system.
Nowadays, millions of people are interested in developing discussions about the role of the philosophy of mind in human behaviour, the quality of the relationships between mind and brain, and the way of how the [...]
Not many of the old philosophical schools had means to resist the progress and survive through the development of science. The period around 300 BC in Greece is characterized by the blossom and thriving of [...]
He says that he is not a sophist or physicalist, he is not irreverent, and he does not corrupt the youth.
As a rule, the process of reading used to be interpreted as interactive due to the unceasing process of drawing connections between a reader's perception of the represented ideas and the viewpoint conveyed in a [...]
Thomas Kuhn and Karl Popper are two prominent philosophers and writers who made a significant contribution to the discussion of the relationships between the concepts of knowledge, science, and philosophy.
This issue leads us to the necessity of defining something within the scope of the experiment while leaving out the areas not covered by it. What are the values these principles bring to the field [...]
The knowledge people perceive and present as the truth might be argued from the perspective of the context or situation in which the information is uttered.
The notion of being prepared for what is to come is naturally linked to self-realization in the sense that people consciously try to achieve as much as possible in the period of life before life [...]
The philosophical concept of being as being is concerned with the notion of existence, more specifically, that of the thing in and of itself.
The Marxism philosophy is the brainchild of Karl Marx with the assistance of Friedrich Engels in the mid-nineteenth century. One of the core ideologies behind the concept of Marxism is that of social reality.
In addition to the aforementioned comparison of the 'highest good' in both Christianity and Confucianism, the underlying aspect that is being highlighted in this Taoist teaching is the approach used and the relationship that exists [...]
The puzzle is complicated by the later addition of a replica ship being built out of the original parts in the warehouse.
The ideas of presentism can be called rather limited since it is probably not fully correct to look at the world system only from the standpoint of the present time.
The ideas of Thomas Hobbes concerning the organization of the society are based on the social contract theory and a set of arguments about human nature that majorly contradict the ideas of anarchism.
He determined that the existence of the declared principles on which the fundamental structure of equality is based, as well as the institutions that monitor their observance, is the critical prerequisite for social justice and [...]
Nevertheless, there appears to have been a phenomenological quality to the development in question, because during the initial phase of Buddhism's expansion into China this concept used to be commonly regarded contradictory to the religion's [...]
To comprehend the connection between Daoism and Buddhism and the possible influence of the former on the latter, it is expected to identify the main concepts of Taoism in Chinese philosophy and culture first.
In the frames of this research on leadership as a practice, it is impossible to clarify what has been already known, what could be expected, and what lessons could be offered. It is a practice [...]
In order to show how the deductive method based on Descartes' theory of human consciousness looks, it is possible to apply it on the example of a computer to prove that an inanimate organism has [...]
The reason for this is that one's very presence in the company of friends, establishes the objective preconditions for him/her to be willing to engage with these individuals verbally.
The philosophical concepts of the nature of man presented by the author as a part of this narrative reflect the atheistic ideas of the major political movements that were popular at that time in Russia.
Others argue that for some reason, the gender of the child that was delivered is not the one the parents wanted so they get rid of the baby.
Such an assumption actually sounds reasonable if we reconsider the fact of our very existence and admit that an individual is only a container for the Will, which is the true representation of the human.
In particular, Muharjee notes that many local communities reacted to the development of globalization by perceiving it as a threat to their authenticity and individuality; in other words, the author pointed out that globalization can [...]
The central theme of the article is the idea that living by certain values might be conducive to having a happy and fulfilled life.
The optimal state is the state of acceptance of seemingly opposite things as one: life and death, beginning and end, right and wrong.
The power that ruled America suppressed the minority despite the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 that all slaves had the freedom to enjoy America's citizenship.