European History from 1848 Revolution to Great War
The French war of 1870 was mainly fought in order to unite the various groups in Germany, something that would be a great threat to the national interests of France.
Western Europe Essay Examples and Topics
How to Write an Outline for an Essay on West European Studies
The benefit of writing essays on West European Studies is that researchers have already covered many topics on this subject.
Therefore, outlining your paper becomes a matter of and being able to find information and including it in your essay. For example, here are some ideas for a well-structured academic work:
- Do your research first and outline second. Most west European studies essay questions have many topical books, from contemporary to historical.
- This knowledge gives you, as a writer, the advantage of having a lot of research on your side.
- Do your best to define the borders of your topic explicitly. West European studies topics tend to blend into each other, often even linking to subjects related to Central Europe.
- Ask yourself if you can include any more relevant information about your subject. For example, if your essay title is “Germanic Religion” should you focus on its theological side only? There are archaeological and cultural aspects to this subject and you must cover them as per your essay’s instructions.
Additionally, you should write your outline so that it clearly states your essay’s purpose. A subheading named “Western Europe Culture” gives the reader an idea as to neither what you will write about, nor even about what period you will mention.
Conversely, “Merovingian Craftsmanship: The Best Example of European Culture?” piques your readers’ interest because it gives an idea which culture you will examine and demonstrates your position, which is questioning its historical value.
However, do not attempt to create sensational subheadings at the cost of historical accuracy. Remember that you are writing an academic essay, not a sensational tabloid.
Need more help? Find essay samples on our website!
“Western Renaissance” in Europe After World War II
Modernization in the economical sphere, particularly in trade and agriculture created an opportunity to improve the activities of such countries as Italy, Great Britain, Western Germany, and the USA. However, the problems remained and in [...]
British Political Reform in the 19-20th Centuries
Being on the peak of its success, the government in Great Britain did all possible not to allow the class conflicts, one of the most important actions on the way to political reformation in a [...]
Commerce, Medicine, Science in the Dutch Golden Age
He gives an immensely enlightening analysis of science and medicine in the Dutch Golden Age."The new philosophy" of the sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries appertains to the period of the scientific revolution that was taking [...]
1848 as the “Year of the Barricades” in Europe
In January 1848, the outcry for liberty and equality was profound in the whole of Europe. Lastly, wealth was a preserve of the few mainly the rulers and the elite in the society.
Robespierre’s Influence During the French Revolution
Besides, the title of the article does not directly capture the interest of the reader since it approaches the focus of the reader from a broad perspective; The Economic Terror of the French Revolution.
Absolute Monarchy: Pro- and Counterarguments in the 17th Century
The ideas of absolute monarchy in the 17th century were reinforced by the belief that rulers' right to govern was given by the power of God.
French Revolution and Societal Transformation
The French Revolution was a period of political and social instabilities in France, which lasted between 1789 and 1799, and was partially planned and carried out by Napoleon in the course of the French Empire [...]
Religious Thinking Transformation in Enlightenment
However, despite the fact that the patterns of the established ideology varied from one country to another, the majority of Enlightenment thinkers shared an opinion that they all were living in a new and exciting [...]
Religious Thinking in the Enlightenment Era
The aim of this paper is to explore the link between the Enlightenment project and the religious mode of thinking of the past.
“The Bull Unam Sanctam” by Pope Boniface VIII
This paper will cover "The Bull Unam Sanctam" by Pope Boniface VIII."Unam Sanctam" is considered one of the first steps toward the change of Papal authority over Europe.
Charlemagne’s Establishment of Missi Messengers
De Litteris Colendis and General Capitulary of the Missi are the documents that demonstrate Charlemagne's concern with spreading education and establishing Missi's institution, royal messengers, who had to supervise various parts of the kingdom.
Britain’s Imperial Expansion after 1880
In the 1880s, the economic progress of Britain and its colonies became based on the idea of fair trade in contrast to free trade.
Gifts of Mars: Warfare and Europe’s Early Rise to Riches
The article "Gifts of Mars: Warfare and Europe's early rise to riches" by Nico Voigtlander and Hans-Joachim Voth illustrate how the political situation in Europe had shaped the economic development of the continent in the [...]
Berlin: Division of the Past and Diversity of the Present
In his essay about Berlin, Emine Sevgi ozdamar describes it as a patchwork of various encounters and events all of which are somehow related to divisions and separations of different kinds family members cut off [...]
Controversial Berlin in the Contemporary Context
Connecting the residents of the city to the airport located in Tempelhof, it was supposed to provide safety to the residents of Berlin in case of need to escape from the city.
Controversial Berlin: the City’s Dictatorial Background
Another problem that the research concerns is the ambiguous presence of the former headquarters of the secret police, the Stasi, in the city, in the context of a contemporary German society that cannot rid themselves [...]
The Rise of Absolutism in Europe
The yearning for democracy was a testament to the progressiveness of a society. It has been argued that the rise of absolutism was a fundamental shift in the power structures of the continent.
Holocaust Memorial Museum
Textiles, for example, badges, uniforms, flags, costumes, and banners are also housed in the museum. Other types of materials housed in the museum are works on paper, such as announcements, posters, broadsides, and maps.
History of the Algerian Diaspora in France
Before the end of the Second World War in 1945, the migration of Algerians to France was exclusively for male workers.
Europe’s Expansion Barriers in 15-16th Centuries
Third, the 14th century was marked by the overthrow of the Byzantine Empire, which resulted in the most wonderful period of the European culture.
Alkali Industry in European Industrial Revolution
Aftalion argues that the chemical industry was born in the middle of the 18th century out of the demands created by other industries.
Food Scarcity Factor in French Revolution
Many writings and works devoted to the investigation of European history in the 18th century have captured the chronicles of a long-term hunger that was spread across France on the eve of the Revolution.
French Revolution and War Periods
The themes of the songs before the French Revolution of 1848 and shortly before and during the time of the Paris Commune in 1871 were mostly political and revolutionary.
Parent-Child Relationship in Early Modern England
Moreover, the influence that parents had was significant, and it would not be an easy task for the government to monitor and review all the cases of unfair treatment. The author suggests that parents loved [...]
The French and Scottish Enlightenment
The paper will argue that a structured analysis of the societal progress was the main contribution of the French and Scottish Enlightenment to the economic evolution of humanity.
Second Industrial Revolution in Europe
The Second Industrial Revolution was a rapid development period in the industrial segment in the last decades of the 19th century.
Does the History of a State Matter?
Germany as a country has a rich history but the unity of the country is a rare phenomenon in the past.
“Victoria’s Ghosts” in “Late Victorian Holocausts”
One can argue that Mike Davis, writing in the present time decided to use the imagery from the Holocaust and the Nazi's internment camps to help his readers understand the real horror caused by the [...]
Irish Immigrants in Philadelphia History
The Irish were eager to leave their native country and follow the American Dream to avoid the consequences of famine in 1845 and to get more opportunities in a new country.
Why Catalonia Should Gain Independence from Spain?
Majority of the province's income and revenue sources come from the industry and services sector via textiles and other exports, and highly developed tourism that made Catalonia one of the most attractive destinations in Europe [...]
Reasons Why Catalonia Should Gain Independence From Spain
Catalonia is one of the richest and most industrialized regions of Spain located on the northeastern part of the Iberian Peninsula.
Child Abuse in the Victorian Era in Great Britain
This was unacceptable in the eyes of the factory owners resulting in the implementation of the practice of children being sent into the mechanisms of machines while they were still operating since they were supposedly [...]
Festival of Britain, Its History and Success
The rationale behind it was to point to the reconstruction of London and the incorporation of futuristic buildings in the architecture of the city.
British Industrial Revolution and Social Changes
In this paper, a variety of aspects and contributing factors of the evolution will be discussed including putting-out system, the three unique sets of Britain's advantages that stimulated the process of industrialization, the support of [...]
UK Aristocracy and Politics in the 19th Century
However, the article also presents the darker side of the federal government's involvement in the mortgage industry, citing the discriminatory practices that existed between the 1940s and 1960s.
Treatise on the New Money: Document Analysis
The debasement of silver and gold money led to the generation of more profits thereby covering the losses that arose from the use of low-value copper.
Kingston upon Hull City’s Changes over 200 Years
The history of the town begins in the twelfth century. The name's etymology refers to the geographical location, namely to the River of Hull on which the city stands.
France Before World War I and After World War II
To overcome the negative consequences of the Franco-Prussian War, France needed to focus on new perspectives for the state's economic and political development, and such an approach could provide the state with the necessary resources [...]
Berlin: the Gray City of Contrasts
Now, the wall does not divide the city, and the remainders of it are covered with art, representing a reminder of the city's history and the freedom that seemed unattainable four decades ago.
Berlin as a Home for Culturally Diverse Population
While focusing on the experience of Muslims in Germany, it is almost impossible to ignore the experience of Jews as the important religious and cultural group in this country.
Great Britain Industrialization Reasons
The industrialization was inevitable in Britain because: Britain has already been one of the leading countries in the world. In the following paper, the background and significance of the industrialization will be discussed.
Suez Crisis of 1956: Impacts on Britain
The Egyptian president opted to nationalize the canal so as to raise funds to construct the dam as opposed to when the canal offered free passage to all who used it.
The Republic of Venice Rise and Fall
Taking the best from the economic growth in Italy in the XI-XIII centuries, Venice became one of the most important political, trade and financial centers in Northern Italy and the Adriatic.
The Guild System in Germany
Dating back to the Middle Ages, guilds for a long time had been the key representations of local self-government and created the basement of the modern European city self-regulation.
Cavour’s Diplomacy and the Unification of Italy
The achievement of the French Army and the surrender of Lombardy by the Austrian Empire led to rebellions in the other states of central Italy.
The Dutch Revolt and Edmund Burke Views
The Dutch Revolt was an uprising that pitted the Protestant northern areas of the Netherlands against the Roman Catholic southern areas of this region in the 16th century.
The Pursuit of Freedom in the 19th Century Britain
The ambition to improve one's life was easily inflated by the upper grade that focused on dominating the system at the expense of the suffering majority.
The Global Power of Britain
The British Empire was made up of numerous territories controlled by the UK and was set up in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.
Industrial Revolution Role in the Britain Development
The growth of population meant more workers and this led to cheap labour in factories thereby minimizing production costs of goods.
The Early Modern Era of the European History
King Henry the 8th was the king of England and a notable figure in the monarchy. His other achievement was the uniting of England and Wales under a legal process in 1542.
The British Economy in 1870-1914: Industrial Retardation
By the end of the nineteenth century, these industries had made the Great Britain to have the most supreme economic affluence.
Religion During the Reign of Charlemagne
This paper outlines the role religion played in the life of the society of that time and in the life of Charlemagne.
Germany’s History: Impediments to Continental Industrialization
Among some of the chief barriers to economic growth and industrialization in Germany after the Napoleonic wars included, breakdown of trade between the states in Germany, interruption of communication between the German states and Germany [...]
“Confessions of Faith” Written by Cecil Rhodes
In particular, the author argues that the citizens of the British Empire have a right to rule different regions of the world.
The United Kingdom in the Era of Thatcherism
As far as the impact of the changes made by Margaret Thatcher in the realm of the British economy, politics and social life is concerned, one must admit that the former prime Minister literally reinvented [...]
China and Japan Opening by Westerners
Trade had early cultural influences on Japan and contributed to the successful cooperation of the country with the rest of the Western countries, other than Netherlands that enjoyed first entry privileges to the market.
George III and the Role of Monarchy
Though the role of monarchy in the society is often underrated, monarchy, in fact, defines a range of features of the society in question, including its economic and financial status; it defines the national identity [...]
The Birth of a Consumerist Society
Despite the obvious development of consumerism trends in the British society of the XVIII century, it would be wrong to claim that the phenomenon of consumerism as an uncontrolled desire to acquire new goods without [...]
Genoa and Venice in 13th Century
Their competing for the control of the Mediterranean, Black Sea Basin and the Red Sea as well as for the finding the routes to trade the Eastern countries transformed to a great rival.
Rise to Prominence
The British Empire was the strongest empire between the 16th and the 20th centuries. The British Empire was the biggest empire at its peak, between the end of the 16th century and the 18th century.
Genius of Western Culture – Lionel Richie
This is arguably the reason as to why it is referred to as the age of pluralism. Developments that gave birth to modern day civilization kicked off in some parts of the universe as the [...]
Britons and Their National and Factual Identity
The culture that was created as a result of the fusion of several ethnicities and their philosophies and as a response to the aggression of the French, the Briton identity is truly miraculous.
Great Britain Empire’ Alliances
Therefore, the Great Britain Empire used imperialism to manipulate her allies like France in the name of assisting her to remain wealthy, superior, and maintain her military prowess thus winning category as one of the [...]
Western World Presentation
The Western society adapted to the formation of alliance systems immediately after the fall of the mass societies with the aim of preventing emergence of wars and disagreement among different states in the western world.
French Revolution and Napoleonic Era
Subsequently, rebellion and a spirit of revolution began to ferment among the commoners, the nobility and the clergy as well as the wider French society.
Austria’s Culture and Economic Analysis
In global country comparisons, Austria has been able to maintain a leading position in achieving one of the highest standards of living in the world because it is estimated that the country posts a per [...]
Stress and Strains in the Renaissance Society
In this essay, the stressors are outlined, a major stressor is identified from among the many and how the renaissance society responded to the stressor is discussed in detail. The rebellion by peasants caused a [...]
West European Studies: Columbus’ Journey
The period from the beginning of the 15th century until the end of the 17th century was marked as the Age of Discovery.
Treaty of Paris
It was hard for the British to avoid Indians and they continued considering them as an issue for the cost of the war.
Child Labor in Workhouses and Mines in England
At the same time, in the mills and workhouses young children were exposed to long hours of physically hard labor and experienced severe lack of rest and sleep.
The British Hedonistic Life in the “Happy Valley”
Among the most hidden events that involved western Europeans in foreign lands is the Happy Valley set, a clique of hedonist Anglo-Irish and British aristocrats who lived in the central highlands of the East African [...]
The Revolution of 1848 in France
In spite of the fact that the Revolution of 1848 was supported by the wide categories of the French public oriented to reforming the regime, the revolution led to the further restoration of monarchy in [...]
History: Imperialism Impacts in Spain
It also strengthened the relationship between America and many European countries, which led to the development of more political, economic and military influence in these regions compared to other parts of the globe.
The Case of Margaret Thatcher: The Iron Lady Speaks
Despite the fact that in the XX century, it was quite hard for a woman to take the leadership position and have an influence on the state affairs, Margaret Thatcher managed to fight the gender [...]
Western Civilization Development
Rome and Greece made essential assistance to the civilization of the western world which evolved over the centuries. Although the classical culture of Greece was fundamental in the creation of western civilization, it made no [...]
Western’s Revolutions and History
Factors Contributing to the Industrial Revolution One of the factors contributing to the industrial revolution in Europe was the invention of machines to simplify human labor.
The Dark Ages as the Golden Ages of European History
The Dark Ages is the period of time from the fall of the Roman Empire until the rebirth of knowledge during the Renaissance period.
Has Security Been the Main Driver Behind European Integration Since World War Two?
Backed with the spirit of its member states and the United States, the Union has continuously executed its mandate and enlarged in order to advance and augment its efficacy in its operations.
The Coming of the Third Reich
The author presents a chronological account of the events that shaped the cultural and political landscape of this country in the first half of the twentieth century.
Enlightenment and revolution
The bourgeois class contributed significantly to the enlargement of the gap in the social class and gave room for the rising prominence of intellectuality in the public sphere.
The Expulsion of the Acadians
The expulsion of the Acadians from the British Colony of Nova Scotia by Governor Charles Lawrence is one of the best-known cases of forced displacement of European colonists in North America.
Impartiality: Richard Bulliet’s Islam and the West in the case of Islamo-Christian civilization
The analogous historical development of Islam and the Western societies and the similarities and differences of the societies that emerge from them.
The French Wars of Religion, 1562-1598
Although aristocratic factionalism can be discussed as the influential factor for the development of the French civil wars, the religious division plays more significant role in prolonging the wars because of the focus on ideological [...]
Parlement of Paris under Louis XV
The period of the reign of Louis XV is characterised by the significant public, judges, and parlements' opposition to the monarch's government and to the proposed policies and laws.
Mid-Nineteenth Century Liberalism
The articles are "The Exhibition The Crystal Palace" and "The First Half of the Nineteenth Century: Progress of The Nation and Race".
History of British Empire
Well, as exposited in this paper, the Second World War, anti-colonial movements, the United States, the United Nations declaration, the Cold War and the USSR were the main forces behind the decolonization while the end [...]
German Nationalism and its Effects
There has been an extensive account of a favorite cultural model in Germany, even prior to the augmentation of the National Socialists and their capitalization on the initiative of the Volksgemeinschaft in the 1930s and [...]
European Exploration and Expansion in the 16th and 17th Centuries in Its Influence on Business London
Further development of business and commerce led to the emergence of London's coffee houses in 1650s. As a result of such explorations, London become the center of business and commercial activities.
Modern Europe History in the Book The Age of Empire by Eric Hobsbawm
As a result of the Age of Revolution, which occurred in the mid of 19th century, there were only countable socialists in the continent. This was characterized by the transition of the Age of Revolution [...]
The Thatcher Revolution
The next section of the essay will be the critical analysis part, which will illuminate on issues such as the sources of information for the book, how professional it is, and the credibility of the [...]
“British Society Since 1945: The Penguin Social History of Britain” by Arthur Marwick
Much attention will be paid to such aspects as the expertise of the author, the use of sources, readability, and other aspects that can be critical for the evaluation of this text as a scholarly [...]
Susan Reynolds’s Attack on the Concepts of Feudalism Supported by F.L. Ganshof and Marc Bloch
However, in her book Fiefs and Vassals: The Medieval Evidence Reinterpreted, Susan Reynolds states that it is inappropriate to follow the narrow discussion of feudalism with references to the concepts of vassalage and fiefs, and [...]
History of Feudal System
Feudalism to Ganshof was the possession of power by the lords in the form of land and its systematic transmission to the serfs.
Feudalism
The history of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance continues to attract the attention of many contemporary historians. This is one of the points that should be considered.
Nationalism and Its 19th Century History
Although the majority of nations in Europe were established during the 20th century, it is worth to note that the events leading to the creation of these states took place during the 19th century.
Nationalism and Its 19th Century History from a Moral and Functional Perspective
France used nationalism to unite the state against its enemies, and this showed the morality of nationalism. The paper first describes the nature and history of nationalism.
To What Extent did Hitler Rule Germany with Popular Consent?
Hitler's absolute hold on power was achieved in 1934 when he consolidated the office of the president and that of the chancellor in the person of "the Fuhrer and Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler".
What were the implications of Germany’s reunification for France and how did Francois Mitterrand respond to it
According to Blitz, those fears were confirmed after the integration because, to date, the Western part of Germany that was previously the more prosperous of the two has always had to transfer funds for the [...]
Collective Invention during Industrial Revolution
The major similarity between collective invention and heroic individual invention is that both provided important source of innovations during the early stages of industrialization.