Biases might have occurred at any point in the process of study, causing the wrong interpretation of the relationship between putative exposures and the risk of ailment.
The question for the research described in the article is: what are the role and limitations of epidemiology in the identification of a causal association?
The hypothesis of the experiment ought to be straightforward and understandable. The control group and the experiment group for the test are then identified.
The chain of infection of H1N1 influenza is hard to break because it is transmitted through the respiratory system and contact. When a human being is infected with the H1N1 virus, is mainly due to [...]
The Correctional Medical Services and the Maine Department of Corrections assisted by the Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention conducted epidemiologic research to collect the data.
Despite the fact that cases of the disease were reported every other week of the year, the greatest proportion reported the onset of the disease during the period between July and September.
The most important beneficial aspect of discovery of these occupational carcinogens is that such occupational carcinogens are very important in public health terms because of the potential for prevention through regulation and improvements in industrial [...]
The research paper has been organized and contained the five major chapters mentioned below: Problem Statement: This chapter of the research paper has well thought-out with ongoing cholera epidemic crisis of Haiti, endow with the [...]
Exposure dose relations studies investigate the uptake of the toxics and their clearance from the body. The dosimetric method moves beyond the assumption that risk corresponds to the cumulative exposures of the victim.
As such, acquainting the population with the relevant information concerning the disease, and especially the children is a crucial step towards alleviating the cholera menace.
The success of fighting polio using EPI in Latin America inspired experts who proposed the eradication of the common and wild poliovirus in Caribbean and Latin America by the year 1990, through planned regional efforts. [...]
As Flick and Bouloy explain, the main problem in preventing the spread of RVF in the case of the Horn of Africa is the late detection of the disease in animals and humans which results [...]
The glycoprotein facilitates attachment and fusion of the virus to human cell membrane. In Golgi complex it is cleaved by protease and proceased in to human immunodeficiency virus and released.
The study reaches the following conclusions: In general, male partners to MSM receiving treatment are at risk of contracting HIV virus although the risk is relative to condom use as well as the last time [...]
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, before the measles vaccines were introduced, most cases of the measles virus had been found in children below the age of 15 years.
This laboratory report aims at discussing the peculiarities of the diagnosed disease management and the ways of how sepsis can be developed in the patient's organism using the results of X-rays and blood tests.
One of the stories hitting headlines in the recent past is the death of thousands of people in West Africa, especially in coastal slums and other informal settlements along the West African coast.
It is imperative to mention that the need to apply particular concepts of epidemiology to nursing diagnoses should not be disregarded because it may help to get a better understanding of the reasoning behind processes [...]
In this paper, the focus is on the evaluation of diabetes in Cook County in the State of Illinois. The following is a graph representing the diabetes trends in the Cook County as compared to [...]
One of the lesions is the hallmark TSC lesion, and it marks the start of hamartoma, which is a tuber in the cerebral cortex of the brain and has an association with mental retardedness and [...]
This type of statistics gave findings concerning the regions of the country that had the highest levels of infection of the virus and the patterns of disease.
The primary source of the bacteria is the sputum emanating from the larynx or the lungs of untreated tuberculosis patients. During the treatment of tuberculosis, the first step is to isolate the patients in a [...]
Aileen Mar a Marty has been dispatched to Liberia by the World Health Organization to help in combating the rapid spread of Ebola in some West African countries and in particular Liberia. The onset of [...]
In a bid to minimize the role of globalization forces in the transmission of Ebola, most countries issued travel advisories and undertook screening of people at the entry and exit points such as airports, ports, [...]
The patients and their family members should be provided with the right information and guidelines on how to organize the appropriate isolation rooms and maintain the patient in order to prevent the spread of the [...]
With over a third of the global population contracting TB infections, paradigmatic questions, such as the origin of TB, its treatment, demographics and frequency remain unexplored in-depth.
The news platforms all around the world focused on following and analyzing the events and their victims in West Africa, informing the society of the rest of the world about the latest research and the [...]
It aims at ensuring that the surveillance system is aligned to its core and support functions in order to control the spread of the disease and reduce the number of cases and deaths in the [...]
This paper seeks to analyze how the author utilizes ethos, pathos, and logos in this publication with regard to the topic of 'the importance of testing for HIV.' The writer uses strong language that takes [...]
The department of Public Health England estimates that 215,000 patients are infected with the chronic form of the disease in the United Kingdom; the prevalence of the infection in England is about 40 cases per [...]
Although they are mostly administered to small children, it is important to ensure that adults are also vaccinated because of the risk they are exposed to as they grow old.
The outbreak in the Netherlands highlights the significance of immunisation in the prevention of measles infections. Variation is regional coverage and the subsequent persistent of measles in the regions calls for adequate measures to ensure [...]
Facilitating the uptake of measles vaccine among Samoans and in South-West Sydney and Western Sydney would involve rapid identification of eligible groups.
Following the outbreak of measles in Sydney in 2012 with about 200 cases recorded mainly in Western Sydney, the population at risk requires health education and promotion activities.
The CDC lists steps for investigating measles as: Establish the existence of an outbreak by comparing the number of cases detected against the available data from local health facilities, which include discharge records and mortality [...]
This information is important for limiting the spread of this disease in various regions of the world. In turn, exposure to mosquitos is one of the factors that can increase the risk of this disease.
The aim of this essay is to investigate social media or Twitter as unorthodox approach to infectious disease surveillance in the US, particularly in the case of flu.
Unlike the conventional approaches in the medical field, which concentrate more on the study of disease processes in affected persons with the aim of finding a cure for the disease, epidemiology focuses on finding the [...]
Malaria is one of the life-threatening infectious diseases whose impacts are experienced in the U.S.healthcare system. Currently, the burden of malaria on the U.S.healthcare systems is relatively high owing to the 2011 disease outcomes.
Based on the NACO annual report, it can be seen that the primary drivers of the HIV epidemic in India are commercial female sex workers, drug use and unprotected sex between homosexuals and heterosexuals.
However, the prevalence of the pathogen is highly different in accordance to the type of sex, places where they live, as well as the times of infection.
In the case of a cancer attack, the cells of the body uncontrollably reproduce themselves and sometimes end up growing into lumps. The prevalence of cancer has been of great concern to both the population [...]
In the region of 430 424 BC, an overwhelming epidemic, which a number of people suppose to have been typhoid fever, took the lives of a third of the populace of Athens.
If local governments and members of any given community will be made aware of the nature of the cholera bacterium and how it is transmitted from person to person then the morbidity and mortality rate [...]
9 new cases of AIDS were recorded for every 100000 Americans with the highest incidence occurring in African Americans and the least in the Asian populations.
The LDV virus persists in the mice "despite the production of neutralizing antibodies and the induction of effective helper and cytolytic T lymphocytes".
This preferential infection of younger people by swine flu is a significant difference of the virus from the seasonal flu which causes fatalities mostly in the older population.
Globally the epidemiological distribution of Malaria and Tuberculosis disease worldwide is greatly skewed with majority of the cases occurring in Africa; 90% of all malaria related deaths for instance take place in Africa which is [...]
The use of a conceptual model to show physiological, social and environmental factors related to the disease provides a clear understanding of the disease.
Epidemiologists help many especially when there was an outbreak of the disease in a certain group of people and termed to cause more problems when they were not treated. Meanwhile, a case study was used [...]
Considering the fact that Spain has the leading number of the homosexual in Europe, the rate of the infections in this group stands at 10%.
Again the whole of Africa shows the maximum incidence when compared to the rest of the world. The HAART therapy in HIV infections allows the treatment period to be free of TB infection.
Soz Praventiv Med 2001:46: 225 The objective of the study by Eyler was to show how the studies by Snow and Farr brought about conflicting conclusions merely because of the methodology used in arriving at [...]
The document is about the contributions of John Snow and William Farr in the study of cholera. In this research, Snow found out that unlike other communicable diseases, whose general symptoms include high temperature and [...]
The virus is found in most of the body fluids of the infected person; and this is the main route of infections.
In the study by Hai Yu et al, various molecular virology methods were used for understanding the molecular epidemiology of the influenza virus and unraveling the dynamics of the of the influenza zoonosis.
The H1N1 virus responsible for the pandemic of 1918 is believed to have emerged concurrently from birds to swine and humans.
In this phase, emphasis is placed on preventing the spread of the virus to humans. In this phase, the virus is not fully communicable.
The total cost of the effects and the management of obesity is estimated to amount to about 10% of the healthcare expenditures in the united states.
Re-emergence infectious diseases come as a result of failure of public health measures put in place to prevent and control the infectious disease or development of antimicrobial confrontation.
According to the Global Health Network, the Global Health problem refers to the problems and issues of concern that cut across national health interests and issues, and relates to specific existing experiences and conditions in [...]
The reason is that the conditions for infectious bacteria transmission are rather beneficial due to the quality of air in the airliner and the exotic infectious bacteria which passengers from hot continents can bring.
Overall, monitoring individual health comes as a priority, to make sure that the symptoms of Covid-19 are spotted and addressed in time.
The information includes detailed information about the molecular structure of the virus, the form of the genome, and the mechanism of self-reproduction within a targeting cell.
For this purpose, the current paper focuses on the information available on the websites of WHO and CDC and analyzes other studies intended to enhance the understanding of the issue.
Both viruses and bacteria are highly adaptable to treatment and the use of antibacterial therapy should be based on solid evidence as per the cause of the infection in order not to increase their resistance.
It is also vital to stress that non-adherence leads to the return of the symptoms and the development of HIV-related diseases that could lead to death.
The coronavirus diseases has been defined by the UK Ministry of Health and the UK Government as the "acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 "; The UK government has requested that the schools should be [...]
Namely, the paper will address the factors that have affected the drastic rise in the number of cases of COVID-19 among Rikers Island staff members, as well as the problems associated with measuring the levels [...]
The virus destroys modern society and the world familiar to people on a scale that most people have never seen and could not imagine.
The United Arab Emirates was the first country in the Middle East to report a coronavirus case at the end of January, followed by a steady increase in the number of positive cases.
This perception is achieved due to the virus's high spreading power, the necessity for global quarantine, the asymptomatic nature of the disease, and the sheer amount of countries affected.
The efficacy of the Dengvaxia vaccine against Dengue fever in the Philippines was investigated in this study. For this reason, the spread of dengue disease was termed epidemic Dengavaxia in the Philippines.
For example, lack of research and protection gear highlights a gap that needs to be addressed by changing the education practices. The population can use education applications to learn more about the virus and ways [...]
Scientists from all over the world have been working on determining the origin and the main epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the virus in search of the best treatment strategies.
The action of the illness causes an increase in the permeability of cell membranes and progressed transport of albumin-rich fluid into the interstitial tissue of the lung and the lumen of the alveoli.
The attempts to cure syphilis and the campaign to wipe out polio implied both similarities and differences. To begin with, one should state that the similarities referred to the universal role of both syphilis and [...]
Despite the scholars' claims to prove the early existence of typhoid, it was the 19th century when the actual case of the new bacterial disease was confirmed.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the Guillain-Barre Disease and the swine flu epidemic of 1976-77, to discuss their causes and outcomes, and to find out why the Guillain-Barre Disease was deadlier than [...]
During an epidemical condition, it is of extreme importance to know what the priorities are for the specialists working on preventing and stopping the spread of the disease.
Despite the condemn of the global leaders and apprehension of the World Health Organization, the number of cases in the country rounded at 11, 000, according to "COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic".
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the current situation in the world caused by COVID-19 and to suggest possible changes that will occur as a result of what has happened.
The global network allows people to travel virtually to any part of the planet in a matter of hours. A pandemic will not be stopped if the disease continues to afflict a major portion of [...]
In 1918, the world saw the spread of one of the deadliest global pandemics in history known as the Spanish Influenza.
The professionals in the field are the most critical actors in investigating the origins of the virus and monitoring the dynamics of its distribution.
The purpose of this project is to explore the measures for the control and prevention of an infectious disease outbreak that can result in a pandemic.
The committee was asked to outline the borders of practice, use of equipment, triaging methods, as well as the rights of nurses for self-determination in regards to the management and containment of the diseases.
Family-centered care which allows for families, patients and the healthcare team to collaborate is threatened during events that limit visitation. The objective is to enable communication and provision of telehealth through remote communications with the [...]
Thus, the paper will present the theoretical understanding of descriptive epidemiology, show how this concept is used in public health nursing, and demonstrate the application of descriptive epidemiology to understand the issue of breast cancer.
This paper discusses the findings of the article "Mental Health and the Covid-19 Pandemic" by Pfefferbaum and North. Consequently, the mental well-being of the public and healthcare workers is at risk.
The study has been considered in the public health sector as the basic and fundamental way of approaching the health related issues, analyzing data collected and as the most appropriate way of understanding the data [...]
Cancer is prevalent in the current world, and though the rate of incidence and morbidity is important in research, the mortality rate is the most helpful in this website because it translates the gravity of [...]
Thirdly, a relapse can occur due to the re-emergence of the blood-stage parasites from the parasites in the liver. The female Anopheles mosquito is an important organism in the distribution of the plasmodium, a parasite [...]
Nowadays, malaria is spread in the territories which are good for malaria mosquitoes' life, where it is warm and wet; thus, malaria is mostly dislocated in African countries.
The aim of this Health Promotion Plan is to improve the situation with infection diseases spreading among the injection drug users due to the social importance of this problem and the high level of mortality [...]
In our paper, we will look at the crux of the issue, its importance, factors that might influence the scale of the problem, and make some claims about the possible origins of the problem and [...]
The causative agent is one of the different forms of hepatitis viruses that trigger inflammation and affect the proper functioning of the liver.
The virus is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family. Measles is a common disease in several parts of the world which including Africa, Asia, the Middle East, Europe, and the Pacific.
Transmission of the diseases is also another area that generated debate in the entire course of The Plague and during the initial stages of AIDS.
Concerning that, the author claims that since this subtype of influenza is the cause of many deaths in poultry, then it will be the most likely cause of the human pandemic.
The economic instability, the lack of education and improper health care facilities all attribute to the spread of the epidemic in the black community which is set to rise in the coming years.
The origins of the Spanish flu were initially believed to lie in China and arrive at the rest of the world as a result of a rare mutation in a common flu virus; but later [...]
One of the viruses is the influenza virus which is not dangerous by itself, but the complications after the illness can cause different kinds of complications and even death.
The coming of Aedes albopictus has been associated with the diminution of the plenty and spread of the Aedes aegypti and yellow fever mosquitoes.
According to the article of Genevive Kieger, the symptoms of the H1N1 virus are identical to the symptoms of normal flu.
The article gives the information about the condition in the society and provides us with the statistics about the disease cases in the United States and all over the world.
The interest and attention invoked by this paper were largely due to the fact that it appeared to provide a biological means through which MMR vaccine resulted in autism.
The latter groups consist of diseases transmitted from a vector as a result of a pest or insect bite that may contain the virus or the bacteria that cause the infection.
China's Ministry of Health informed WHO in mid- February 2003 of the occurrence in Guangdong province of 305 cases of "atypical pneumonia" and reported that the spread of the illness was "under control".
Food insecurity in these countries has to lead to the quick progression of patients to full brown AIDS and completely worsened the immunity of the patients.
Uganda is a role model in Africa for fighting against AIDS due to broad-based partnership, strong leadership in the government and campaigns for public education that led to decrease in number of people who were [...]
The disease was declared officially eradicated in 1979 and this was due to the successful development of the smallpox vaccine. Wright are also considered to be the pioneer of the smallpox vaccine during World War [...]
It is a respiratory disease which normally grows in the cells that line the back of the throat and in the cells that line the lungs.
Scientists have determined that the etiological agent of SARS is a coronavirus, which is believed to be an animal virus that "crossed the species barrier to humans recently due to ecological changes or changes in [...]
Emerging diseases refer to the newly identified pathogens that have been recognized in the past few decades that lead to a new manifestation of diseases.
In addition, they are the bearer of the extended sickness as well as the aggravated mortality rate that are a resultant of these diseases. The problem of drug resistance is increasing and has become widespread [...]
Lewis points out that, "HIV/AIDS has sabotaged all of the socioeconomic indices, and the continued damaging western policies in trade and aid and debt, serve to drive the nails into the coffins".
A detailed description of a place where the disease is located allows one to understand its geography and focus on a particular area for the study to estimate the probability of contamination of different communities.
The groups of diseases presented in the article are zoonoses, which are the illnesses that can be transmitted between humans, animals, and the environments they share through food and water. The article provides information about [...]
This paper briefly discusses the agent and environmental characteristics of the disease, its signs, symptoms, and treatment, providing a basis for the public health nurse's clinical practice.